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Stop-and-go waves induced by correlated noise in pedestrian models without inertia

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第1期7卷 52-60页

作者： antoine tordeux Andreas Schadschneider Sylvain Lassarre School of Mechanical Engineering and Safety Engineering University of WuppertalWuppertal 42119Germany Institute for Theoretical Physics University of CologneCologne 50937Germany Engineering of Surface Transportation Networks and Advanced Computing Laboratory French Institute of Science and Technology for TransportDevelopment and NetworksMarne La Vallee E-77447France

Stop-and-go waves are commonly observed in traffic and pedestrian *** most microscopic traffic models,they occur through a phase transition and instability of the homogeneous solution after fine tuning of *** effects are believed to play an important role in this *** this article,we present a novel explanation for stop-and-go waves based on stochastic effects in the absence of *** model used is a first order optimal velocity(OV)model including an additive stochastic noise.A power spectral analysis for single-file pedestrian trajectories highlights the existence of Brownian speed *** use the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process to describe such a correlated *** introduction of this specific colored noise in the first order OV model allows describing realistic stop-and-go behavior without requiring instabilities or phase transitions,the homogeneous configurations being systematically stochastically *** compare the stochastic model to deterministic unstable OV models and analyze individual speed autocorrelation to describe the nature of the waves in stationary *** apply the approach to pedestrian single-file motion and compare simulation results to real pedestrian *** simulation results are quantitatively very similar to the real *** discuss plausible values for the model parameters and their meaning.

关键词： Transportation engineering Pedestrian single-file motion Stop-and-go dynamics First order microscopic model Brownian noise Simulation

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Experimental study on age and gender differences in microscopic movement characteristics of students

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第9期30卷 633-642页

作者： Jiayue Wang Maik Boltes Armin Seyfried antoine tordeux Jun Zhang Wenguo Weng Public Order School People's Public Security University of ChinaBeijing 100038China Center for Capital Social Safety People's Public Security University of ChinaBeijing 100038China Public Security Behavioral Science Laboratory People's Public Security University of ChinaBeijing 100038China Institute for Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum JülichJülich 52428Germany Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering University of WuppertalWuppertal 42119Germany School of Mechanical Engineering and Safety Engineering University of WuppertalWuppertal 42119Germany State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Public Safety Research Department of Engineering PhysicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Campus security has aroused many concerns from the whole *** is one of the most frequent and influential accidents in *** on pedestrian dynamics especially focusing on students are essential for campus security,which are helpful to improve facility design and emergency evacuation *** this paper,primary and middle school students were recruited to participate in the single-file *** microscopic movement characteristics,including walking speed,headway,gait characteristics(step length,step frequency and swaying amplitude)and their relations were *** and gender differences in the headway-speed diagram and space requirements were analyzed by statistical *** results indicated that the impacts of age and gender were *** were three stages for the influence of gender on the headway-speed diagram for both age *** impacts on students'space requirements were consistent for different age and gender *** the impacts of age and gender on free-flow speed were affected by each *** to the connection of walking speed and gait characteristics,the comparisons of gait characteristics between different ages and genders were performed to understand the corresponding differences in speed more *** results showed that differences in step length and swaying amplitude between males and females were significant for both age *** effect of gender on step frequency was significant for primary *** for middle school students,whether gender had significant impact on step frequency was not clear here because of the large ***,the influence of age on gait characteristics changed with gender.

关键词： campus security microscopic movement characteristics pedestrian dynamics single-file movement experiments

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