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Farmers' contributions to the conservation of tree diversity in the Groundnut Basin,Senegal

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Journal of Forestry research 2017年第5期28卷 1083-1096页

作者： antoine Sambou Bienvenu Sambou Anders r?bild Department of Geosciences and Natural resource Management Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Copenhagen Institut des Sciences de l'Environnement (ISE) Facultdes Sciences et TechniqueUniversitCheikh Anta Diop(UCAD)

Tree diversity in West Africa is threatened by intensified land uses and salinization, and farmers’ role in conservation of tree species is unclear. We hypothesized that farmers contribute to conservation of tree diversity through protection of trees in their agroforestry landscapes and compared the diversity and structure of the tree vegetation across landscape classes. Inventories were carried out in three villages in the Groundnut Basin in Senegal, assessing tree diversity, density and crown cover. Tree diversity as assessed by species accumulation curves was high in forests, but cultivated landscapes had comparable or almost comparable diversity, especially in the cases where the forest was planted or was affected by charcoal production. However, the occurrence of exotic species was higher in cultivated parts of the landscape, and although many species were in common, ordination plots indicated that forests and cultivated landscapes to some degree had different species composition. Salinity had a strong influence on vegetation, not only in the tans (salt marshes) but also across the other landscape classes. In conclusion, agroforestry landscapes in the three villages harbor considerable tree diversity, but insufficient to fully conserve the tree species. We argue that informing and including farmers in tree management in the region will contribute to overall conservation of tree genetic resources.

关键词： Tree diversity Conservation-landscape classes Environmental factors Groundnut Basin

Liquid metal thermal hydraulics r&D at European scale:achievements and prospects

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Frontiers in Energy 2021年第4期15卷 842-853页

作者： Ferry rOELOFS antoine GErSCHENFELD Katrien Van TICHELEN Nuclear research and Consultancy Group(NrG) Westerduinweg 31755 LEPettenThe Netherlands CEA DES UniversitéParis-SaclayF-91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance SCK CEN Boeretang 2002400 MolBelgium

A significant role for a future nuclear carbonfree energy production is attributed to fast reactors,mostly employing a liquid metal as a *** paper summarizes the efforts that have been undertaken in collaborative projects sponsored by the European Commission in the past 20 years in the fields of liquid-metal heat transfer modeling,fuel assembly and core thermal hydraulics,pool and system thermal hydraulics,and establishment of best practice guidelines and verification,validation,and uncertainty quantification(UQ).The achievements in these fields will be presented along with the prospects on topics which will be studied collaboratively in Europe in the years to *** prospects include further development of heat transfer models for applied computational fluid dynamics(CFD),further analysis of the consequences of fuel assembly blockages on coolant flow and temperature,analysis of the thermal hydraulic effects in deformed fuel assemblies,extended validation of three-dimensional pool thermal hydraulic CFD models,and further development and validation of multi-scale system thermal hydraulic methods.

关键词： liquid metal thermal hydraulics Europe

Zinc-mediated reactions on salicylaldehyde for Botrytis cinerea control

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第3期31卷 706-710页

作者： antoine Franche Claire Imbs antoine Fayeulle Franck Merlier Muriel Billamboz Estelle Léonard Sorbonne University Universitéde technologie de CompiègneESCOMEA TIMR 4297Centre de recherche de RoyallieuCS 6031960203 Compiègne cedexFrance ESCOM UTCEA TIMR 42971 allée du Réseau Jean-Marie Buckmaster60200 CompiègneFrance Sorbonne Universités Universitéde Technologie de CompiègneGénie Enzymatique et Cellulaire(GEC)UMR-CNRS 7025CS 6031960203 Compiègne CedexFrance Laboratoire de chimie durable et santé Yncrea Hauts-de-FranceHEI13 rue de Toul59046 Lille CedexFrance

Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungusth at a ffects various plant *** control is an ecessity and as much as possible,eco-friendly conditions and bioresources to obtain these chemicals should be *** this context,a series of products w as obtained from salicylaldehyde using zinc as a powerful reagent and tested for antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea.

关键词： Salicylaldehyde Zinc-mediated reactions Green solvents Alkoxymethylphenol PEG-cresol Botrytis cinerea control

Efficient Numerical Computation of Time-Fractional Nonlinear Schrodinger Equations in Unbounded Domain

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Communications in Computational Physics 2019年第1期25卷 218-243页

作者： Jiwei Zhang Dongfang Li Xavier antoine Beijing Computational Science research Center Beijing 100193P.R.China School of Mathematics and Statistics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Hubei Key Laboratory of Engineering Modeling and Scientific Computing Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Institut Elie Cartan de Lorraine UMR CNRS 7502Universit́e de LorraineInria Nancy-Grand EstSPHINX TeamF-54506 Vandoeuvre-l`es-Nancy CedexFrance

The aim of this paper is to derive a stable and efficient scheme for solving the one-dimensional time-fractional nonlinear Schrodinger equation set in an unbounded *** first derive absorbing boundary conditions for the fractional system by using the unified approach introduced in[47,48]and a linearization ***,the initial boundary-value problem for the fractional system with ABCs is discretized,a stability analysis is developed and the error estimate O(h^(2)+τ)is *** accel-erate the L1-scheme in time,a sum-of-exponentials approximation is introduced to speed-up the evaluation of the Caputo fractional *** resulting algorithm is highly efficient for long time ***,we end the paper by reporting some numerical simulations to validate the properties(accuracy and efficiency)of the derived scheme.

关键词： Time-fractional nonlinear Schrodinger equation absorbing boundary condition sta-bility analysis convergence analysis sum-of-exponentials approximation

Common microscopic origin of the phase transitions in Ta_(2)NiS_(5) and the excitonic insulator candidate Ta_(2)NiSe_(5)

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1919-1932页

作者： Lukas Windgätter Malte rösner Giacomo Mazza Hannes Hübener antoine Georges Andrew J.Millis Simone Latini Angel rubio Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter Luruper Chaussee 14922761 HamburgGemany radboud University Institute for Molecules and MaterialsHeijendaalseweg 1356525 AJ NijmegenNetherlands Department of Quantum Matter Physics University of GenevaQuai Ernest-Ansermet 241211 GenevaSwitzerland College de France 11 place Marcelin Berthelot75005 ParisFrance Center for Computational Quantum Physics Flatiron InstituteNew YorkNY 10010USA.CPHTCNRSEcole PolytechniqueIP Paris91128 PalaiseauFrance Department of Physics Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA.Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group Departamento de Fisica de Materiales Universidad del Pais Vasco20018 San SebastianSpain

The structural phase transition in Ta-NiSes has been envisioned as driven by the formation of an excitonic insulating ***,the role of structural and electronic instabilities on crystal symmetry breaking has yet to be ***,the phase transition in its complementary material Ta_(2)NiS_(5)does not show any experimental hints of an excitonic insulating *** present a microscopic investigation of the electronic and phononic effects involved in the structural phase transition in Ta_(2)NiSe_(5)and Ta-Niss using extensive first-principles *** both materials the crystal symmetries are broken by phonon instabilities,which in tum lead to changes in the electronic bandstructure also observed in the experiment.A total energy landscape analysis shows no tendency towards a purely electronic instability and we find that a sizeable lattice distortion is needed to open a *** conclude that an excitonic instability is not needed to explain the phase transition in both Ta_(2)NiSe_(5)and Ta_(2)NiS_(5).

关键词： phase structural transitions

Bayesian optimization for active flow control

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2021年第12期37卷 1786-1798页

作者： antoine B.Blanchard Guy Y.Cornejo Maceda Dewei Fan Yiqing Li Yu Zhou Bernd r.Noack Themistoklis P.Sapsis Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Universit′e Paris-Saclay CNRSLaboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Sciences du Num′erique91400 OrsayFrance Center for Turbulence Control Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518058China School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518058China

A key question in flow control is that of the design of optimal controllers when the control space is high-dimensional and the experimental or computational budget is *** address this formidable challenge using a particular flavor of machine learning and present the first application of Bayesian optimization to the design of open-loop controllers for fluid *** consider a range of acquisition functions,including the recently introduced output-informed criteria of Blanchard and Sapsis(2021),and evaluate performance of the Bayesian algorithm in two iconic configurations for active flow control:computationally,with drag reduction in the fluidic pinball;and experimentally,with mixing enhancement in a turbulent *** these flows,we find that Bayesian optimization identifies optimal controllers at a fraction of the cost of other optimization strategies considered in previous *** optimization also provides,as a by-product of the optimization,a surrogate model for the latent cost function,which can be leveraged to paint a complete picture of the control *** proposed methodology can be used to design open-loop controllers for virtually any complex flow and,therefore,has significant implications for active flow control at an industrial scale.

关键词： Bayesian optimization Flow control Drag reduction Turbulence

Pulmonary Perfusion Asymmetry in Patients after repair of Tetralogy of Fallot: A 4D Flow MrI-Based Study

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第2期17卷 117-128页

作者： Elena Panaioli Duarte Martins Marc antoine Isorni Diala Khraiche antoine Legendre Nathalie Boddaert Damien Bonnet Filippo Crea Francesca raimondi Unite Medico-Chirurgicale de Cardiologie Congénitale et Pediatrique Centre de Référence des Maladies Cardiaques Congénitales ComplexesHopital Universitaire Necker-Enfants MaladesUniversitéde ParisParisFrance Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCSRomeItaly Catholic University of the Sacred Heart RomeItaly Pediatric Cardiology Department Hospital de Santa CruzCentro Hospitalar Lisboa OcidentalLisbonPortugal Centre de Cardiologie Evecquemont ParisFrance Pediatric radiology Unit Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants MaladesUniversitéde ParisParisFrance Decision and Bayesian Computation Computation Biology DepartmentNeuroscience DepartmentParisFrance School of Biomedical Engineering&Imaging Sciences King’s College LondonLondonUK

Background:repaired Tetralogy of Fallot(rTOF)patients may have residual lesions such as main(MPA)and branch pulmonary artery stenosis(BPAS).While MPA stenosis is well studied,few data are available on BPAS in *** aimed to describe pulmonary perfusion in a large paediatric cohort of rTOF and its impact on right ventricular and outflow-tract hemodynamics using 4D flow ***:130 consecutive patients(mean age at CMr 14.3±4.6 years)were retrospectively reviewed.96 patients had transannular patch without valve preservation while 34 patients had conserved annulus or valved conduit.A pulmonary blood flow ratio(right pulmonary artery(rPA)/left pulmonary artery(LPA))between 0.75 and 1.56 was considered ***:Asymmetric pulmonary perfusion was present in 59/130 patients(45%),with 54/59(91%)having left lung hypoperfusion(blood flow ratio>1.56).rPA/LPA perfusion ratio in the whole cohort was independently associated with the LPA Z-score(−0.053,p=0.007),the rPA regurgitant fraction(rF)(0.013,p=0.011)and previous LPA stenting(0.648,p=0.004).Decreasing LPA%perfusion(and conversely increasing rPA%perfusion)was significantly associated with higher MPA diameter Z-score(−0.06,p=0.007).On multivariate analysis,MPA Z-score was independently associated with pulmonary rF(0.48,pright ventricular indexed volumes(coefficient 3.6,p=0.023).In patients with transannular patch repair,asymmetric pulmonary flow was an independent predictor of right ventricular ejection fraction(rVEF)(−3.66,p=0.04).Conclusions:Pulmonary perfusion asymmetry is frequent in rTOF and is associated with abnormal right ventricular and outflow-tract hemodynamics,including MPA dilatation and decreased rVEF in patients after transannular patch.

关键词： Tetralogy of fallot cardiac MrI 4D flow MrI pulmonary perfusion

Dynamics and origin of cytokinins involved in plant manipulation by a leaf-mining insect

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Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 1065-1078页

作者： Hui Zhang antoine Guiguet Geraldine Dubreuil Anna Kisiala Peter Andreas r. J. Neil Emery Elisabeth Huguet Melanie Body David Giron Institut de recherche sur la Biologie de I'lnsecte UMR 7261 CNRSIUniversite Francois-Rabelais de Tours Tours France Departement de Biologie Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon Lyon France Department of Life and Environmental Sciences Kyoto Prefectural University Kyoto Japan Department of Biology Trent University Peterborough Canada Division of Plant Sciences Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri Columbia USA

Several herbivorous insects and plant-associated microorganisms control the phytohormonal balance, thus enabling them to successfully exploit the plant by inhibiting plant defenses and withdrawing plant resources for their own benefit. The leaf-mining moth Phyllonorycter blancardella modifies the cytokinin （CK） profile of mined leaf-tissues, and the insect symbiotic bacteria Wolbachia is involved in the plant manipulation to the benefit of the insect host. To gain a deeper understanding into the possible origin and dynamics of CKs, we conducted an extensive characterization of CKs in larvae and in infected apple leaves. Our results show the enhanced CK levels in mines, both on green and yellow leaves, allowing insects to control their nutritional supply under fluctuating environmental conditions. The spatial distribution of CKs within the mined leaves shows that hormone manipulation is strictly limited to the mine suggesting the absence of CK translocation from distant leaf areas toward the insect feeding site. Mass spectrometry analyses reveal that major CK types accumulating in mines and larvae are similar to what is observed for most gall-inducers, suggesting that strategies underlying the plant manipulation may be shared between herbivorous insects with distinct life histories. results further show that CKs are detected in the highest levels in larvae, reinforcing our hypothesis that CKs accumulating in the mines originate from the insect itself. Presence of bacteria- specific methylthio-CKs is consistent with previous results suggesting that insect bacterial symbionts contribute to the observed phenotype. Our study provides key findings toward the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying this intricate plant-insect-microbe interaction.

关键词： cytokinins insect bacterial symbionts leaf-miners phytohormones plantinsect-microbe interactions plant manipulation

A review of Transparent and Artificial Boundary Conditions Techniques for Linear and Nonlinear Schrodinger Equations

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Communications in Computational Physics 2008年第9期4卷 729-796页

作者： Xavier antoine Anton Arnold Christophe Besse Matthias Ehrhardt Achim Schadle Institut Elie Cartan Nancy(IECN) Universite Henri Poincare Nancy 1UMR 7502INRIA CoridaNancy-UniversiteFrance. Institut fur Analysis und Scientific Computing Technische Universitat WienWiedner Hauptstr.81040 WienAustria. Project-Team SIMPAF INrIA Lille Nord Europe research Centre Laboratoire Paul Painleve U.M.R CNRS 8524 Universite des Sciences et Technologies de LilleFrance. Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics Mohrenstr.3910117 BerlinGermany. Zuse-Institut Berlin Takustrasse 714195 BerlinGermany.

In this review article we discuss different techniques to solve numerically the time-dependent Schrodinger equation on unbounded *** present in detail the most recent approaches and describe briefly alternative ideas pointing out the relations between these *** conclude with several numerical examples from different application areas to compare the presented *** mainly focus on the one-dimensional problem but also touch upon the situation in two space dimensions and the cubic nonlinear case.

关键词： Schrodinger equation transparent boundary conditions discrete convolution unbounded domain finite difference schemes finite elements