检索结果-南通市图书馆

Uncovering the genetic diversity of Giardia intestinalis in isolates from outbreaks in New Zealand

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第3期11卷 27-36页

作者： Paul Ogbuigwe Patrick j.Biggs juan Carlos Garcia-Ramirez Matthew A.Knox anthony Pita Niluka Velathanthiri Nigel P.French David T.S.Hayman School of Veterinary Science Massey UniversityPalmerston NorthManawatu-WanganuiNew Zealand School of Natural Sciences Massey UniversityPalmerston NorthManawatu-WanganuiNew Zealand

Background:Giardia intestinalis is one of the most common causes of diarrhoea worldwide. Molecular techniques have greatly improved our understanding of the taxonomy and epidemiology of this parasite. Co-infection with mixed (sub-) assemblages has been reported, however, Sanger sequencing is sometimes unable to identify shared subtypes between samples involved in the same epidemiologically linked event, due to samples showing multiple dominant subtypes within the same outbreak. Here, we aimed to use a metabarcoding approach to uncover the genetic diversity within samples from sporadic and outbreak cases of giardiasis to characterise the subtype diversity, and determine if there are common sequences shared by epidemiologically linked cases that are missed by Sanger ***:We built a database with 1109 unique glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) locus sequences covering most of the assemblages of G. intestinalis and used gdh metabarcoding to analyse 16 samples from sporadic and outbreak cases of giardiasis that occurred in New Zealand between 2010 and ***:There is considerable diversity of subtypes of G. intestinalis present in each sample. The utilisation of metabarcoding enabled the identification of shared subtypes between samples from the same outbreak. Multiple variants were identified in 13 of 16 samples, with Assemblage B variants most common, and Assemblages E and A present in mixed ***:This study showed that G. intestinalis infections in humans are frequently mixed, with multiple subtypes present in each host. Shared sequences among epidemiologically linked cases not identified through Sanger sequencing were detected. Considering the variation in symptoms observed in cases of giardiasis, and the potential link between symptoms and (sub-) assemblages, the frequency of mixed infections could have implications for our understanding of host–pathogen interactions.

关键词： DNA sequencing Epidemiology Genetic diversity Giardiasis Metabarcoding

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Insect immune resistance to parasitoids

引用

Insect Science 2008年第1期15卷 67-87页

作者： Yves Carton Marylène Poirié anthony j. Nappi Laboratoire Evolution Génomes et Spéciation CNRS 91198 Gif/Yvette France and Université Paris-Sud 11 91405 Orsay CedexFrance Unité Mixte de Recherches 1112 'Réponse des Organismes aux Stress Environnementaux' Université Nice-Sophia AntipolisInstitut National de la Recherche Agronomique 400 route des Chappes 06903 Sophia-Antipofis France Department of Biology Loyola University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60525 USA

Insect host-parasitoid interactions involve complex physiological, biochemical and genetic interactions. Against endoparasitoids, immune-competent hosts initiate a blood cell-mediated response that quickly destroys the intruders and envelops them in a multilayered melanotic capsule. During the past decade, considerable progress has been made in identifying some of the critical components of the host response, mainly because of the use of efficient molecular tools. This review examines some of the components of the innate immune response of Drosophila, an insect that has served as an exceptionally good experimental model for studying non-self recognition processes and immune cell signaling mechanisms. Topics considered in this review include hematopoiesis, proliferation and adhesion of hemocytes, melanogenesis and associated cytotoxic molecules, and the genetic aspects of the host-parasitoid interaction.

关键词： cytotoxic molecules hemocyte innate immunity melanogenesis parasitoid,resistance genes

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Variable retention harvesting in Great Lakes mixed-pine forests: emulating a natural model in managed ecosystems

引用

Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 210-224页

作者： Brian j.Palik anthony W.D’Amato USDA Forest Service Northern Research StationGrand RapidsMN 55744USA Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources University of VermontBurlingtonVT 05095USA.

Variable retention harvesting(VRH)systems have gained wide use in many different forest types across the globe,but largely have been implemented in forests characterized by severe,infrequent disturbance *** has been less attention given to developing VRH approaches in forests that are characterized as having a mixed-severity disturbance regime that often results in only partial mortality of canopy trees in spatially heterogeneous *** example of such a forest type is red pine(Pinus resinosa Ait.)-dominated ecosystem of the western Great Lakes region of North *** purpose of this review is to provide a conceptual foundation for developing VRH approaches in red pine ecosystems that are based on a mixed-severity disturbance *** contention is that red pine forests managed following a natural model are more resilient to disturbances and external threats such as climate *** the red pine ecosystem,VRH application should reflect the often severe,but partial canopy removal from natural disturbance that is characteristic of this ecosystem and that results in more than trivial numbers of surviving overstory trees across a range of spatial configurations in regenerating *** live trees should span a range of diameters,but favor the larger end of the diameter distribution,as this reflects the likely pattern of survival after natural disturbance and is often a key structural element lacking from managed *** should be applied in ways that vary the spatial pattern of legacy trees in and among stands,but largely in ways that reflect the pattern of spatially patchy canopy structure,with large openings surrounded by a less disturbed matrix,as occurs with a natural disturbance *** trees and deadwood structures should reflect the composition of the pre-disturbance forest,including species in addition to dominant red ***,retained structures should be viewed as dynamic entities that grow,die,and decay and that need

关键词： Red pine Mixed-severity Variable retention Natural disturbance

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Outcomes after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy

引用

Asian journal of Andrology 2009年第1期11卷 94-99页

作者： Declan G. Murphy Benjamin j. Challacombe anthony j. Costello The Urology Centre Guy＇s ＆ St. Thomas ＇NHS Foundation Trust London SE1 9RT UK Department of Urology Royal Melbourne Hospital Melbourne VIC 3054 Australia

Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy （RALRP） using the da Vinci surgical system is now in widespread use in many countries where economic conditions allow the installation of this expensive technology. Controversy has surrounded the procedure since it was first performed in 2000, with many critics highlighting the lack of evidence to support its use. However, despite the lack of level I evidence, many large studies of patients have confirmed that the procedure is feasible and safe, with low morbidity. Available longer-term oncological data seem to show that outcomes from the robotic approach at least match those of traditional open radical prostatectomy. Functional outcomes also seem satisfactory, although randomized controlled trials are lacking. This paper reviews the current status of RALRP with respect to perioperative data and complications and oncologic and functional outcomes.

关键词： da Vinci laparoscopic outcomes prostate cancer radical prostatectomy robotic

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Does China's Huge External Surplus Imply an Undervalued Renminbi?

引用

China & World Economy 2007年第3期15卷 89-102页

作者： anthony j. Makin Griffith Business School Griffith University Australia.

A pegged exchange rate regime has been pivotal to China＇s export-led development strategy. However, its huge trade surpluses and massive build up of international reserves have been matched by large deficits for major trading partners, creating acute policy concerns abroad, especially in the USA. This paper provides a straighOeorward conceptual framework for interpreting the effect of China＇s exchange rate policy on its own trade balance and that of trading partners in the context of discrepant economic growth rates. It shows how pegging the exchange rate when output is outstripping expenditure induces China＇ s trade surpluses and counterpart deficits for its trading partners. An important corollary is that given its strictly regulated capital account, China＇s persistently large surpluses imply a significantly undervalued renminbi, which should gradually become more flexible.

关键词： economic growth exchange rate monetary policy trade surplus

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Patent Citations Analysis and Its Value in Research Evaluation： A Review and a New Approach to Map Technology-relevant Research

引用

journal of Data and Information Science 2017年第1期2卷 13-50页

作者： anthony F.j. van Raan Centre for Science and Technology Studies (CWTS) Leiden University Leiden the Netherlands

Purpose： First, to review the state-of-the-art in patent citation analysis, particularly characteristics of patent citations to scientific literature （scientific non-patent references, SNPRs）. Second, to present a novel mapping approach to identify technology-relevant research based on the papers cited by and referring to the SNPRs. Design/methodology/approach： In the review part we discuss the context of SNPRs such as the time lags between scientific achievements and inventions. Also patent-to-patent citation is addressed particularly because this type of patent citation analysis is a major element in the assessment of the economic value of patents. We also review the research on the role of universities and researchers in technological development, with important issues such as universities as sources of technological knowledge and inventor-author relations. We conclude the review part of this paper with an overview of recent research on mapping and network analysis of the science and technology interface and of technological progress in interaction with science. In the second part we apply new techniques for the direct visualization of the cited and citing relations of SNPRs, the mapping of the landscape around SNPRs by bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis, and the mapping of the conceptual environment of SNPRs by keyword co-occurrence analysis. Findings： We discuss several properties of SNPRs. Only a small minority of publications covered by the Web of Science or Scopus are cited by patents, about 3%-4%. However, for publications based on university-industry collaboration the number of SNPRs is considerably higher, around 15%. The proposed mapping methodology based on a ＂second order SNPR approach＂ enables a better assessment of the technological relevance of research. Research limitations： The main limitation is that a more advanced merging of patent and publication data, in particular unification of author and inventor names, in still a necessity. P

关键词： Patent citations Scientific non-patent references Inventor-author relations Bibliometric mapping Science and technology interface Research evaluation Technologyrelevant publications

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Steel slag carbonation in a flow-through reactor system:The role of fluid-flux

引用

journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第1期27卷 266-275页

作者： Eleanor j.Berryman anthony E.Williams-jones Artashes A.Migdisov Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences McGill University Technische Universitat Berlin Los Alamos National Laboratory

Steel production is currently the largest industrial source of atmospheric CO2. As annual steel production continues to grow, the need for effective methods of reducing its carbon footprint increases correspondingly. The carbonation of the calcium-bearing phases in steel slag generated during basic oxygen furnace（BOF） steel production, in particular its major constituent, larnite {Ca2SiO4}, which is a structural analogue of olivine {（MgFe）2SiO4}, the main mineral subjected to natural carbonation in peridotites, offers the potential to offset some of these emissions. However, the controls on the nature and efficiency of steel slag carbonation are yet to be completely understood. Experiments were conducted exposing steel slag grains to a CO2–H2O mixture in both batch and flow-through reactors to investigate the impact of temperature, fluid flux, and reaction gradient on the dissolution and carbonation of steel slag. The results of these experiments show that dissolution and carbonation of BOF steel slag are more efficient in a flow-through reactor than in the batch reactors used in most previous studies. Moreover, they show that fluid flux needs to be optimized in addition to grain size, pressure, and temperature, in order to maximize the efficiency of carbonation. Based on these results, a two-stage reactor consisting of a high and a low fluid-flux chamber is proposed for CO2 sequestration by steel slag carbonation,allowing dissolution of the slag and precipitation of calcium carbonate to occur within a single flow-through system.

关键词： CO2sequestration Steel slag carbonation Flow-through reactor Fluid flux

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Modern Microalloyed Steels

引用

journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2011年第S1期18卷 14-21页

作者： Garcia C Issac Suikkanen Pasi P Deardo anthony j Basic Metals Processing Research Institute Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials ScienceUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of OuluBox 420090014 OuluFinland

The addition of microalloying elements (MAE) to low C-Mn-Si HSLA steels has led to many benefits to the producers,fabricators and *** improvements such as microstructural refinement,higher dislocation and sub-grain boundary densities and finer M-A-C distributions have led to higher strength,improved toughness and better *** improvements can often be traced to the MA *** steels for load-bearing applications,the combination of MAE with hardenability additions (Cr,Mo,B,etc.) and lower transformation temperatures has led to much higher strength levels than what were available a few years *** resulting nonpolygonal,bainitic and martensitic ferrite microstructures have not only higher strengths but also adequate levels of improved ductility and *** strip,plate and pipe applications have benefitted from these *** improvements have been found in the microalloyed forging steels,where the change from pearlite-ferrite to bainitic ferrite microstructures has led to higher strengths and improved high-cycle fatigue resistance,with little penalty in ductility and *** the cold rolled gauges,both the so-called Advanced High Strength Steels (DP,TRIP and Complex Phase Steels) and the martensitic direct-quenched and press-quenched steels,along with the Interstitial-Free steels,have benefited from MAE additions,especially in the very popular zinc-coated sheet *** paper will briefly review each of these topic areas,and the underlying physical metallurgy will be discussed.

关键词： microalloying vanadium HSLA steels bainite,linepipe thermomechanical processing

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

In an interconnected world: joint research priorities for the environment, agriculture and infectious disease

引用

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2014年第1期3卷 15-17页

作者： Bianca Brijnath Colin D Butler anthony j McMichael Department of General Practice School of Primary Health CareMonash UniversityBuilding 1270 Ferntree Gully RoadNotting HillVictoria 3168Australia Faculty of Health University of CanberraCanberraAustralia National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia

In 2008 the UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases(TDR)commissioned ten think-tanks to work on disease-specific and thematic reference groups to identify top research priorities that would advance the research agenda on infectious diseases of poverty,thus contributing to improvements in human *** first of the thematic reference group reports-on environment,agriculture and infectious diseases of poverty-was recently *** this article we review,from an insider perspective,the strengths and weaknesses of this thematic reference group report and highlight key messages for policy-makers,funders and researchers.

关键词： Agriculture Environment Infectious disease Research priorities TDR

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Crystallographic Analysis of Martensite in 0.2C-2.0Mn-1.5Si-0.6Cr Steel using EBSD

引用

journal of Materials Science & Technology 2011年第10期27卷 920-930页

作者： Pasi P.Suikkanen Cyril Cayron anthony j.DeArdo L.Pentti Karjalainen Department of Mechanical Engineering University of OuluBox 420090014 University of Oulu CEA LITEN17 rues des Martys38054GrenobleFrance Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh

The crystallography of martensite formed in 0.2C-2.0Mn-1,5Si-0.6Cr steel was studied using the electron backscattered diffraction （EBSD） technique. The results showed that the observed orientation relationship （OR） was closer to that of Nishiyama-Wassermann （N-W） than Kurdjumov-Sachs. The martensite consisted of parallel laths forming morphological packets. Typically, there were three different lath orientations in a morphological packet consisting of three specific N-W OR variants sharing the same {111} austenite plane. A packet of martensite laths with a common {111} austenite plane was termed a crystallographic packet. Generally, the crystallographic packet size corresponded to the morphological packet size, but occasionally the morphological packet was found to consist of two or more crystallographic packets. Therefore, the crystallographic packet size appeared to be finer than the morphological packet size. The relative orientation between the variants in crystallographic packets was found to be near 60°〈110〉, which explains the strong peak observed near 60° in the grain boundary misorientation distribution. Martensite also contained a high fraction of boundaries with a misorientation in the range 2.5-8°. Typically these boundaries were found to be located inside the martensite laths forming sub-laths.

关键词： Martensite Austenite Nishiyama-Wassermann orientation relationship EBSD Crystallography Packet

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：