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Current and emerging therapeutic strategies in pancreatic cancer: Challenges and opportunities

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第39期27卷 6572-6589页

作者： Manish Manrai TVSVGK Tilak Saurabh Dawra sharad Srivastava Anupam Singh Department of Internal Medicine Armed Forces Medical CollegePune 411040MaharashtraIndia Department of Internal Medicine Command HospitalPune 411040MaharashtraIndia Department of Gastroenterology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160011India

Pancreatic carcinoma(PC)is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths *** early detection and advances in therapeutics,the prognosis remains *** outcome and therapeutic approach are dependent on the stage of PC at the time of *** standard of care is surgery,followed by adjuvant *** advent of newer drugs has changed the landscape of adjuvant ***,recent trials have highlighted the role of neoadjuvant therapy and chemoradiotherapy for resectable and borderline resectable *** we progress towards a better understanding of tumor biology,genetics,and microenvironment,novel therapeutic strategies and targeted agents are now on the *** have described the current and emerging therapeutic strategies in PC.

关键词： Resectable pancreatic carcinoma Borderline resectable pancreatic carcinoma Locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma Adjuvant therapy Neoadjuvant therapy Newer advances in pancreatic carcinoma

Proline and Glutamine Improve in vitro Callus Induction and Subsequent Shooting in Rice

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Rice science 2015年第6期22卷 283-289页

作者： Bhausaheb PAWAR Prashant KALE Jyoti BAHURUPE Ashok JADHAV Anil KALE sharad PAWAR State Level Biotechnology Centre Mahatma Phule Agricultural University

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of proline and glutamine on in vitro callus induction and subsequent regeneration and to develop a reproducible and highly efficient plant regeneration protocol in four rice genotypes, viz. Pawana, Jaya, Indrayani and Ambemohar. Considerable variation in response to plant growth regulators and amino acid supplements used was observed in all the four genotypes. Medium supplemented with proline and glutamine was shown to be superior to medium without proline and glutamine. The best callusing from mature embryo was observed on Murashige and Skoog （MS） medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid （2,4-D）, 500 mg/L proline and 500 mg/L glutamine. Shoot induction was higher in the callus obtained from medium supplemented with 500 mg/L proline and 500 mg/L glutamine. The highest shoot regeneration frequency （83.2%） was observed on MS medium with 2.0 mg/L benzylaminopurine, 0.5 mg/L 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, 500 mg/L proline, and 500 mg/L glutamine in the callus obtained from MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D, 500 mg/L proline and 500 mg/L glutamine. Among the four genotypes, Pawana has the highest regeneration efficiency （83.2%）, whereas the regeneration efficiency of the rest three rice genotypes was in the range of 32.0% to 72.3%. This optimized regeneration protocol can be efficiently used for Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation in rice.

关键词： callus induction glutamine proline rice Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid Murashige and Skoog medium

Anemia in cirrhosis:An underestimated entity

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第3期10卷 777-789页

作者： Manish Manrai Saurabh Dawra Rajan Kapoor sharad Srivastava Anupam Singh Department of Internal Medicine Armed Forces Medical CollegePune 411040India Department of Medicine and Gastroenterology Command HospitalPune 411040India Department of Medicine Command HospitalKolkata 70027India Department of Gastroenterology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India

Anemia in a patient with cirrhosis is a clinically pertinent but often overlooked clinical *** guidelines highlight the algorithmic approach of managing a patient of cirrhosis presenting with acute variceal hemorrhage but day-to-day management in hospital and out-patient raises multiple dilemmas:Whether anemia is a disease complication or a part of the disease spectrum?Should iron,folic acid,and vitamin B complex supplementation and nutritional advice,suffice in those who can perform tasks of daily living but have persistently low *** does one investigate and manage anemia due to multifactorial etiologies in the same patient:Acute or chronic blood loss because of portal hypertension and bone marrow aplasia secondary to hepatitis B or C viremia?To add to the clinician’s woes the prevalence of anemia increases with increasing disease *** thus aim to critically analyze the various pathophysiological mechanisms complicating anemia in a patient with cirrhosis with an emphasis on the diagnostic flowchart in such patients and proposed management protocols thereafter.

关键词： Anemia Cirrhosis Iron deficiency anemia Macrocytic anemia Normocytic anemia

Development of a sandwich ELISA for the detection of bovine herpesvirus type 1

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第5期4卷 363-366页

作者： Shanaz Bashir Rashmi Singh Barkha Sharma sharad K Yadav Department of Epidemiology and Vety.Preventive medicine College of Veterinary SciencesVeterinary UniversityMathura(U.P.)India

Objective:To develop a standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELJSA） for the detection of bovine herpesvirus type 1（BHV-1）.Methods:The assay was based on hyperimmune rabbit and guinea pig antisera raised against purified *** glycol precipitation and sucrose density gradient methods were adopted for viral concentration and *** were raised using Freund’s adjuvant followed by extraction of IgG of high ***: Optimum antisera dilutions as determined by titrations were chosen as 14 000,whereas the conjugate was used at 1:2 000 *** 95 clinical specimens,the ELISA test showed a sensitivity and specificity of 91.90%and 93.10%,respectively when compared to *** cutoff value was fixed at 0.15490) and a P/N ratio of>1.30 indicated a significant positive reaction. Conclusions:The results have demonstrated that this ELISA could efficiently detect BHV-1 and can be used as an important diagnostic tool.

关键词： Bovine herpesvirus type 1 Antisera Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

Role of ions and ion channels in capacitation and acrosome reaction of spermatozoa

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Asian Journal of Andrology 1999年第3期1卷 95-107页

作者： sharad B Purohit Malini Laloraya G.Pradeep Kumar School of Life Sciences Devi Ahilya University Vigyan Bhavan Khandwa Road Indore 452001 M. P. India.School of Life Sciences Devi Ahilya University Vigyan Bhavan Khandwa Road Indore 452001 M. P. India.School of Life Sciences Devi Ahilya University Vigyan Bhavan Khandwa Road Indore 452001 M. P. India.

Capacitation and acrosome reaction are important prerequisites of the fertilization process. Capacitation is a highlycomplex phenomenon occurring in the female genital tract, rendering the spermatozoa capable of binding and fusionwith the oocyte. During capacitation various biochemical and biophysical changes occur in the spermatozoa and thespermatozoal membranes. Ions and ion channels also play important roles in governing the process of capacitation bychanging the fluxes of different ions which in turn controls various characteristics of capacitated spermatozoa. Alongwith the mobilization of ions the generation of free radicals and efflux of cholesterol also plays an important role in thecapacitation state of the spermatozoa. The generation of free radical and efflux of cholesterol change the mechano-dynamic properties of the membrane by oxidation of the polyunsaturated lipids and by generating the cholesterol freepatches. The process of capacitation renders the spermatozoa responsive to the inducers of the acrosome reaction. Theglycoprotein zona pellucida 3 (ZP3) of the egg coat zona pellucida is the potent physiological stimulator of the acro-some reaction; progesterone, a major compoent of the follicular fluid, is also an induce of the acrosome *** inducers of the acrosome reaction cause the activation of the various ion-channels leading to high influxes of calci-um, sodium and bicarbonate. The efflux of cholesterol during the process of capacitation alters the permeablity of themembrane to the ions and generate areas which are prone to fusion and vesculation process during the acrosome reac-tion. Ths review focuses mainly on effects of the ion and ion-channels, free radicals, and membrane fluidity changesduring the process of capacitation and acrosome reaction. (Asian J Androl 1999 Sep; 1: 95-107)

关键词： spermatozoa capacitation acrosome reaction ion channels free radicals membrane fluidity

Secure Rotation Invariant Face Detection System for Authentication

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 1955-1974页

作者： Amit Verma Mohammed Baljon Shailendra Mishra Iqbaldeep Kaur Ritika Saini sharad Saxena Sanjay Kumar Sharma Department of Computer Science&Engineering Chandigarh Group of CollegesMohali140317India Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer&Information ScienceMajmaah University11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering&TechnologyPatiala147004India Department of Computer Centre&Campus Network Facility Science Complex PO Central UniversityGachibowliHyderabad500046TelanganaIndia

Biometric applications widely use the face as a component for recognition and automatic *** rotation is a variable component and makes face detection a complex and challenging task with varied angles and *** problem has been investigated,and a novice algorithm,namely RIFDS(Rotation Invariant Face Detection System),has been *** objective of the paper is to implement a robust method for face detection taken at various *** to achieve better results than known algorithms for face *** RIFDS Polar Harmonic Transforms(PHT)technique is combined with Multi-Block Local Binary Pattern(MBLBP)in a hybrid *** MBLBP is used to extract texture patterns from the digital image,and the PHT is used to manage invariant rotation *** this manner,RIFDS can detect human faces at different rotations and with different facial *** RIFDS performance is validated on different face databases like LFW,ORL,CMU,MIT-CBCL,JAFFF Face Databases,and Lena *** results show that the RIFDS algorithm can detect faces at varying angles and at different image resolutions and with an accuracy of 99.9%.The RIFDS algorithm outperforms previous methods like Viola-Jones,Multi-blockLocal Binary Pattern(MBLBP),and Polar HarmonicTransforms(PHTs).The RIFDS approach has a further scope with a genetic algorithm to detect faces(approximation)even from shadows.

关键词： Pose variations face detection frontal faces facial expressions emotions

IoT-Based Women Safety Gadgets (WSG): Vision, Architecture, and Design Trends

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第7期76卷 1027-1045页

作者： sharad Saxena Shailendra Mishra Mohammed Baljon Shamiksha Mishra Sunil Kumar Sharma Prakhar Goel Shubham Gupta Vinay Kishore Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and TechnologyPatialaPunjab147001India Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer&Information ScienceMajmaah UniversityMajmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of TechnologyJamshedpur831001India

In recent years,the growth of female employees in the commercial market and industries has *** a result,some people think travelling to distant and isolated locations during odd hours generates new threats to women’s *** exponential increase in assaults and attacks on women,on the other hand,is posing a threat to women’s growth,development,and *** the time of the attack,it appears the women were immobilized and needed immediate *** self-defense isn’t sufficient against abuse;a new technological solution is desired and can be used as quickly as hitting a switch or *** proposed Women Safety Gadget(WSG)aims to design a wearable safety device model based on Internet-of-Things(IoT)and Cloud *** is designed in three layers,namely layer-1,having an android app;layer-2,with messaging and location tracking system;and layer-3,which updates information in the cloud *** can detect an unsafe condition by the pressure sensor of the finger on the artificial nail,consequently diffuses a pepper spray,and automatically notifies the saved closest contacts and police station through messaging and location *** has a response time of 1000 ms once the nail is pressed;the average time for pulse rate measure is 0.475 s,and diffusing the pepper spray is 0.2–0.5 *** average activation time is 2.079 s.

关键词： Perpetrator safety IoT women security GPS tracking GSM

Ciliated hepatic foregut cyst:an increasingly diagnosed condition

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2008年第6期7卷 581-589页

作者： sharad Sharma Amanda G.Dean Ayumi Corn Vivek Kohli Harlan I Wright Anthony Sebastian Nicolas Jabbour Methodist University Hospital Transplant Institute 1265 Union Avenue Nazih Zuhdi Transplant Institute 3300 North West Expressway

BACKGROUND:Ciliated foregut cysts of the liver are rare, with only 96 cases diagnosed since the first description in *** are being increasingly diagnosed recently;the majority of the cases have been reported in the last 15 years. Although they bear a close resemblance to the simple cyst of the liver which has essentially a benign course,ciliated hepatic foregut cysts(CHFCs)can progress to malignancy with devastating *** is imperative that this group of conditions be diagnosed and treated adequately. DATA SOURCES:This review includes discussion of the data from all the 96 reported cases from English and non-English *** of the incidence rates, embryogenesis,growth,clinical features,risk of malignancy and the prognosis are highlighted *** roles of various diagnostic modalities including ultrasound, CT,MRI,fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC), immunohistochemistry and surgery are further discussed. RESULTS:The mean age of patients with CHFC was 48± 12 *** male/female ratio was 1.1∶*** majority of patients with CHFC(62%)were asymptomatic,and the common mode of presentation was right upper abdominal *** cysts occurred in the left lobe in 51 patients, with sole location in segmentⅣin 44,and in the right lobe in *** average size of the cysts was 3.6±2.12 cm. The majority of the cysts were unilocular,and only 7 cases were *** contents were described as viscous or mucinous in 73 patients,whereas bilious fluid was noted in *** cysts having squamous carcinoma were cited in 3 patients,and 2 had extensive squamous metaplasia without *** had benign histopathology. CONCLUSIONS:Clinicians have become increasingly aware of *** alone is not diagnostic per se, but when considered in the context of the global picture does provide important clues to the *** is diagnostic by the presence of the ciliated columnar aspirate but lacks *** presentation is usua

关键词： ciliated hepatic foregut cyst squamous cell carcinoma cystic liver disease

Errors in Surgical Site Identification during Cutaneous Surgery for Skin Cancer: Review and Recommendations

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Surgical Science 2015年第7期6卷 327-335页

作者： sharad P. Paul University of Queensland Auckland New Zealand University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand Skin Surgery Clinic Auckland New Zealand

Surgical error due to incorrect identification of the surgical site has been known to occur right from the beginning of surgical practice through the ages. However, increasing awareness, preventative efforts and risks of litigation have not eliminated this problem. Cutaneous surgery for skin cancer makes up a large proportion of procedures performed each year and it is often difficult to correctly identify biopsy sites, especially as this is not easy in sun-damaged skin. In this review article, we review the incidence of wrong-site surgery, measures taken by professional bodies, and the use of photography and newer technologies in an attempt to eliminate this distressing event in the field of plastic and dermatologic surgery. The purpose of this review is to highlight the incidence of such surgical site identification errors, evaluate the risk factors, and educate the surgeon about measures that can be undertaken to avoid being faced with such a situation.

关键词： Skin Cancer Medical Error Patient Safety Dermatology Wrong Site Surgery Melanoma