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Low SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence but high perception of risk among healthcare workers at children’s hospital before second pandemic wave in Germany

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第5期17卷 484-494页

作者： Marietta Neumann annette Aigner Eileen Rossow David Schwarz Maria Marschallek Jorg Steinmann Ralf Stucker Ingo Koenigs Philippe Stock Department of Paediatrics Altona Children's HospitalUniversitat HamburgAltonaer KinderkrankenhausBleickenallee 3822763 HamburgGermany Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat Zu Berlin Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidermiology BerlinCharite-Universitatsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care Medicine Altona Children's HospitalHamburgGermany Department of Paediatric Surgery Altona Children's HospitalHamburgGermany Labor Dr.Fenner and Colleagues Hamburg.Germany Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics Altona Children's HospitalHamburgGermany Department of Paediatric Surgery University Medical Centre Hamburg Eppendorf(UKE)HamburgGermany Department of Paediatrics Altona Children's HospitalHamburgGermany

Background Healthcare workers are considered a particularly high-risk group during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** workers in paediatries are a unique subgroup:they come into frequent contact with children,who often experience few or no symptoms when infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS CoV-2)and,therefore,may transmit the disease to unprotected *** Germany,no studies exist evaluating the risk of COVID-19 to healthcare workers in paediatric *** We tested the staff at a large children's hospital in Germany for immunoglobulin(Ig)G antibodies against the nucle-ocapsid protein of SARS CoV-2 in a period between the first and second epidemic wave in *** used a questionnaire to assess each individual's exposure risk and his/her own perception of having already been infected with *** We recruited 619 participants from all sectors,clinical and non-clinical,constituting 70%of the entire *** seroprevalence of SARS CoV-2 antibodies was 0.325%(95%confidence interval 0.039-I.168).Self-perceived risk of a previ-ous SARS-CoV-2 infection decreased with age(odds ratio,0.81;95%confidence interval,0.70-0.93).Having experienced symptoms more than doubled the odds of a high self-perceived risk(odds ratio,2.18;95%confidence interval,1.59--3.00).There was no significant difference in self perceived risk between men and *** Seroprevalence was low among healtheare workers at a large children's hospital in Germany before the second epidemic wave,and it was far from a level that confers herd ***-perceived risk of infection is often overestimated.

关键词： Health personnel SARS CoV-2 Seroepidemiologic studies Pediatrics

MicroRNA sequences modulating inflammation and lipid accumulation in macrophage “foam” cells: Implications for atherosclerosis

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World Journal of Cardiology 2020年第7期12卷 303-333页

作者： Richard James Lightbody Janice Marie Walsh Taylor Yvonne Dempsie annette Graham Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences School of Health and Life SciencesGlasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgow G40BAUnited Kingdom

Accumulation of macrophage"foam"cells,laden with cholesterol and cholesteryl ester,within the intima of large arteries,is a hallmark of early"fatty streak"lesions which can progress to complex,multicellular atheromatous plaques,involving lipoproteins from the bloodstream and cells of the innate and adaptive immune *** accumulation triggers induction of genes encoding proteins mediating the atheroprotective cholesterol efflux *** the arterial intima,however,this mechanism is overwhelmed,leading to distinct changes in macrophage phenotype and inflammatory *** the last decade marked gains have been made in understanding of the epigenetic landscape which influence macrophage function,and in particular the importance of small non-coding micro-RNA(miRNA)sequences in this *** review identifies some of the miRNA sequences which play a key role in regulating"foam"cell formation and atherogenesis,highlighting sequences involved in cholesterol accumulation,those influencing inflammation in sterol-loaded cells,and novel sequences and pathways which may offer new strategies to influence macrophage function within atherosclerotic lesions.

关键词： Coronary heart disease Atherosclerosis Macrophage“foam”cell Cholesterol Inflammation MicroRNA

Esophageal lichen planus:Current knowledge,challenges and future perspectives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第41期28卷 5893-5909页

作者： Annegrit Decker Franziska Schauer Adhara Lazaro Carmen Monasterio Arthur Robert Schmidt annette Schmitt-Graeff Wolfgang Kreisel Department of Medicine II GastroenterologyHepatologyEndocrinology and Infectious DiseasesMedical Center-University of FreiburgFaculty of MedicineFreiburg 79106Germany Department of Dermatology Medical Center-University of FreiburgFaculty of MedicineFreiburg 79104Germany Department of Medicine Institute of Exercise and Occupational MedicineMedical Center–University of FreiburgFaculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburg 79106Germany Institute for Dermatohistology Pathologyand Molecular Pathology Prof.Dr.LaafFreiburgGermany and:University of FreiburgFreiburg 79106Germany

Lichen planus(LP)is a frequent,chronic inflammatory disease involving the skin,mucous membranes and/or skin *** involvement in lichen planus(ELP)is a clinically important albeit underdiagnosed inflammatory *** narrative review aims to give an overview of the current knowledge on ELP,its prevalence,pathogenesis,clinical manifestation,diagnostic criteria,and therapeutic options in order to provide support in clinical *** on ELP were collected using PubMed/*** clinical and therapeutical characteristics from published patient cohorts including our own cohort were extracted and *** mainly affects middle-aged *** principal symptom is ***,asymptomatic cases despite progressed macroscopic esophageal lesions may *** pathogenesis is unknown,however an immune-mediated mechanism is ***,ELP is characterized by mucosal denudation and tearing,trachealization,and *** esophageal stenosis may occur in chronic *** findings include mucosal detachment,T-lymphocytic infiltrations,epithelial apoptosis(Civatte bodies),dyskeratosis,and *** immuno-fluorescence shows fibrinogen deposits along the basement membrane *** date,there is no established ***,treatment with topical steroids induces symptomatic and histologic improvement in two thirds of ELP patients in *** severe cases may require therapy with *** symptomatic esophageal stenosis,endoscopic dilation may be *** may be regarded as a precancerous condition as transition to squamous cell carcinoma has been documented in *** is an underdiagnosed yet clinically important differential diagnosis for patients with unclear dysphagia or *** diagnosis and therapy might prevent potential sequelae such as esophageal stenosis or development of invasive squamous cell *** studies are needed to gain

关键词： Lichen planus Esophagitis T-lymphocytes Budesonide Dysphagia Precancerosis

Associations of blood biomarkers with glomerular filtration rate in patients with TIA and stroke: population-based study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第1期6卷 48-56页

作者： Dearbhla M.Kelly Linxin Li annette I Burgess Deborah L Poole Julia M Duerden Peter M.Rothwell Wolfson Centre for the Prevention of Stroke and Dementia Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesOxford UniversityOxfordUK

Background and purpose Non-traditional risk factors such as chronic inflammation,oxidative stress and thrombogenic factors are believed to contribute to the excess stroke risk in chronic kidney disease(CKD)by triggering vascular injury and endothelial *** aimed to determine how well a panel of biomarkers representative of these factors would correlate with estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)in patients with recent transient ischaemic attack(TIA)or *** also investigated whether eGFR would confound previously reported associations between biomarkers and *** We studied a panel of 16 blood biomarkers related to inflammation,thrombosis,atherogenesis and cardiac or neuronal cell damage in TIA or ischaemic stroke in a population-based study(Oxford Vascular Study).Biomarker levels were log-transformed and correlated with eGFR,adjusted for *** proportional hazard models were used for survival *** Among 1297 patients with TIA or stroke,52.7%(n=684)of patients had CKD(eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m^(2)).There was a moderate correlation between log-eGFR and the log-transformed soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor-1(R^(2)=0.21),attenuating with adjustment for age(R^(2)=0.12).There were moderate-to strong correlations with markers of cardiac injury,N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and heart-type fatty acid binding protein(hFABP,R2=0.14 and 0.34,respectively).The strongest correlation after adjustment for age was between hFABP and eGFR(R^(2)=0.20).Adjusting for eGFR did not impact any biomarker associations with *** Correlations between biomarkers related to inflammation and thrombosis with renal dysfunction in the setting of cerebrovascular events were generally modest after adjustment for age,suggesting that putative risk factors such as chronic inflammation or coagulopathy are unlikely to be important stroke mechanisms in patients with CKD.

关键词： inflammation patients mortality

Effect of Environmental Contaminants on the Interfacial Properties of Two-Dimensional Materials

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Accounts of Materials Research 2022年第10期3卷 1022-1032页

作者： Fan Yang Grzegorz Stando annette Thompson Dhruthi Gundurao Lei Li Haitao Liu Department of Chemical&Petroleum Engineering Swanson School of EngineeringUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvania 15261United States Department of Chemistry University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvania 15260United States Department of Organic Chemistry Bioorganic Chemistry and BiotechnologySilesian University of TechnologyGliwice 44-100Poland

CONSPECTUS:The surface of 2D materials can spontaneously adsorb and react with molecules in the environment during their processing and *** effect,while having a significant impact on many properties of 2D materials,is not always recognized and accounted for in the research involving *** Account summarizes our recent work in understanding how the ambient environment impacts the properties of 2D materials and its mitigation *** highlight graphene and hydrocarbons in our discussion and complement it with selected studies involving other 2D materials as well as water and oxygen.

关键词： ambient hydrocarbons effect

Validation of a novel animal model for sciatic nerve repair with an adipose-derived stem cell loaded fibrin conduit

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第5期13卷 854-861页

作者： Maximilian M.Saller Rosa-Eva Huettl Julius M.Mayer annette Feuchtinger Christian Krug Thomas Holzbach Elias Volkmer Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed) Department of General Trauma and Reconstructive SurgeryLudwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics Department of Hand- Plastic-and Aesthetic Surgery Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Research Unit Analytical Pathology Munich Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH) Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery Spital Thurgau AG

Despite the regenerative capabilities of peripheral nerves, severe injuries or neuronal trauma of critical size impose immense hurdles for proper restoration of neuro-muscular circuitry. Autologous nerve grafts improve re-establishment of connectivity, but also comprise substantial donor site morbidity. We developed a rat model which allows the testing of different cell applications, i.e., mesenchymal stem cells, to improve nerve regeneration in vivo. To mimic inaccurate alignment of autologous nerve grafts with the injured nerve, a 20 mm portion of the sciatic nerve was excised, and sutured back in place in reversed direction. To validate the feasibility of our novel model, a fibrin gel conduit containing autologous undifferentiated adipose-derived stem cells was applied around the coaptation sites and compared to autologous nerve grafts. After evaluating sciatic nerve function for 16 weeks postoperatively, animals were sacrificed, and gastrocnemius muscle weight was determined along with morphological parameters（g-ratio, axon density ＆ diameter） of regenerating axons. Interestingly, the addition of undifferentiated adipose-derived stem cells resulted in a significantly improved re-myelination, axon ingrowth and functional outcome, when compared to animals without a cell seeded conduit. The presented model thus displays several intriguing features： it imitates a certain mismatch in size, distribution and orientation of axons within the nerve coaptation site. The fibrin conduit itself allows for an easy application of cells and, as a true critical-size defect model, any observed improvement relates directly to the performed intervention. Since fibrin and adipose-derived stem cells have been approved for human applications, the technique can theoretically be performed on humans. Thus, we suggest that the model is a powerful tool to investigate cell mediated assistance of peripheral nerve regeneration.

关键词： critical-size nerve defect fibrin conduit autologous nerve transplant peripheral nerve regeneration adipose-derived stem/progenitor cells sciatic function index sciatic nerve re-innervation axon guidance peripheral circuitry

Hypoxic pre-conditioned adipose-derived stem/progenitor cells embedded in fibrin conduits promote peripheral nerve regeneration in a sciatic nerve graft model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 652-656页

作者： Julius M.Mayer Christian Krug Maximilian M.Saller annette Feuchtinger Riccardo E.Giunta Elias Volkmer Thomas Holzbach Department of Hand-and Plastic Surgery Spital ThurgauFrauenfeldSwitzerland Musculoskeletal University Center Munich(MUM) Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryLudwig-Maximilians-University(LMU)Planegg-MartinsriedGermany Research Unit Analytical Pathology MunichHelmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health(GmbH)NeuherbergGermany Division of Hand- Plastic-and Aesthetic SurgeryLudwig-Maximilians-University(LMU)MunichGermany Division of Hand Surgery Helios Klinikum München WestMunichGermany

Recent results emphasize the supportive effects of adipose-derived multipotent stem/progenitor cells(ADSPCs)in peripheral nerve *** under hypoxia is considered to enhance the release of the regenerative potential of *** study aimed to examine whether peripheral nerve regeneration in a rat model of autologous sciatic nerve graft benefits from an additional custom-made fibrin conduit seeded with hypoxic pre-conditioned(2%oxygen for 72 hours)autologous ADSPCs(n=9).This treatment mode was compared with three others:fibrin conduit seeded with ADSPCs cultivated under normoxic conditions(n=9);non-cell-carrying conduit(n=9);and nerve autograft only(n=9).A 16-week follow-up included functional testing(sciatic functional index and static sciatic index)as well as postmortem muscle mass analyses and morphometric nerve evaluations(histology,g-ratio,axon density,and diameter).At 8 weeks,the hypoxic pre-conditioned group achieved significantly higher sciatic functional index/static sciatic index scores than the other three groups,indicating faster functional ***,histologic evaluation showed significantly increased axon outgrowth/branching,axon density,remyelination,and a reduced relative connective tissue *** pre-conditioned ADSPCs seeded in fibrin conduits are a promising adjunct to current nerve *** studies are needed to understand the underlying cellular mechanism and to investigate a potential application in clinical practice.

关键词： adipose-derived progenitor cells adipose-derived multipotent stem/progenitor cell autologous nerve graft fibrin conduit hypoxia hypoxic pre-conditioning nerve defect nerve tissue engineering peripheral nerve regeneration regenerative medicine

Virtue Education： Josef Pieper＇s Vita Contemplativa as Pedagogical Ground

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2014年第8期4卷 537-545页

作者： annette M. Holba Plymouth State University

Virtue education in the United States has lost its clout while the corporatization of higher education may be at its peak. The focus of traditional education has shifted from ideas, wisdom, and the love of learning to having a corporate mindset on progress and skills-based knowledge. In many cases, the focus of attention is on remaining viable/sustainable in times of economic decline rather than learning itself, so the resources supporting institutions of higher education are directed into marketing and public relations practices instead of the infrastructure for thinking and learning. This essay draws together three coordinates to make a case for a return to virtue education in the United States. First, the current condition of higher education is shown to have dubiously strayed from a virtue model. Second, the re-emergence of philosophy as a preferred major and its growth in the academy suggest that people realize that something has to change in higher education as they revert back to a broad liberal arts emphasis. Third, a discussion of virtue education from the lens of Josef Pieper＇s virtue philosophy, grounded in the lSta Contemplativa, offers renewed possibility to reengaged higher education for a sustainable future. Together, I suggest that the tradition of higher education in the United States is no longer viable and return to a virtue education model is an alternative that might make higher education sustainable.

关键词： virtue education contemplation Vita Contemplativa aesthetic education

Demographic trade-offs determine species abundance and diversity

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第1期5卷 82-88页

作者： Da-Yong Zhang Bo-Yu Zhang Kui Lin Xinhua Jiang Yi Tao Stephen Hubbell Fangliang He annette Ostling State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Mathematical Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 621 Charles E.Young DriveUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095-1601USA Center for Tropical Forest Science Smithsonian Tropical Research InstitutePO Box 0843-03092Panama CityPanama´ Department of Renewable Resources University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada T6G 2H1 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan2005 Kraus Natural Sciences BuildingAnn ArborMI 48109-1048USA

Aims Much recent theory has focused on the role of neutral processes in assembling communities,but the basic assumption that all species are demographically identical has found little empirical ***,we show that the framework of the current neutral theory can easily be generalized to incorporate species differences so long as fitness equivalence among individuals is maintained through trade-offs between birth and *** Our theory development is based on a careful reformulation of the Moran model of metacommunity dynamics in terms of a non-linear one-step stochastic process,which is described by a master *** Findings We demonstrate how fitness equalization through demographic trade-offs can generate significant macroecological diversity patterns,leading to a very different interpretation of the relation between Fisher’s a and Hubbell’s fundamental biodiversity *** model shows that equal fitness(not equal demographics)significantly promotes species diversity through strong selective sieving of community membership against high-mortality species,resulting in a positive association between species abundance and per capita death *** important implication of demographic trade-off is that it can partly explain the excessively high speciation rates predicted by the neutral theory of the stronger *** equalization through demographic trade-offs generalizes neutral theory by considering heterospecific demographic difference,thus representing a significant step toward integrating the neutral and niche paradigms of biodiversity.

关键词： birth–death trade-off ecological drift fitness equivalence neutral theory species coexistence