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Early response of understory vegetation to the mass dieback of Norway spruce in the European lowland temperate forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 214-225页

作者： Jan Marek Matuszkiewicz andrzej N.Affek Piotr Zaniewski Ewa Kołaczkowska Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies University of WarsawPoland Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of SciencesPoland Institute of Forest Sciences Warsaw University of Life SciencesPoland

Spruce-dominated forests are commonly exposed to disturbances associated with mass occurrences of bark *** dieback of trees triggers many physical and chemical processes in the ecosystem resulting in rapid changes in the vegetation of the lower forest *** aimed to determine the response of non-tree understory vegetation to the mass dieback of Norway spruce(Picea abies)in the first years after the disturbance caused by the European spruce bark beetle(Ips typographus)*** study area was the Białowieża Biosphere Reserve covering the Polish part of the emblematic Białowieża Forest,in total 597km^(2).The main data source comprised 3,900 phytosociological relevés(combined spring and summer campaigns)collected from 1,300 systematically distributed forest sites in 2016–2018–the peak years of the bark beetle *** found that the understory responded immediately to mass spruce dieback,with the most pronounced changes observed in the year of the disturbance and the subsequent ***-tolerant forest species declined in the initial years following the mass spruce dieback,while hemicryptophytes,therophytes,light-demanding species associated with non-forest seminatural communities,as well as water-demanding forest species,*** acetosella,the most common understory species in the Białowieża Forest,showed a distinct fluctuation pattern,with strong short-term expansion right after spruce dieback,followed by a gradual decline over the next 3–4 years to a cover level 5 percentage points lower than before the ***,our study revealed that mass spruce dieback selectively affects individual herb species,and their responses can be directional and non-directional(fluctuation).Furthermore,we demonstrated that the mass dieback of spruce temporarily increases plant species diversity(α-diversity).

关键词： Forest disturbance Bark beetle outbreak Picea abies Ips typographus Response of understory vegetation Herbaceous species Biaowieza Forest

The Nutritional Value of Yellow Lupine (Lupinus luteus)for Growing Pigs

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2019年第6期9卷 351-363页

作者： Anita Zaworska-Zakrzewska Malgorzata Kasprowicz-Potocka Piotr Nowak Zuzanna Wisniewska andrzej rutkowski Department of Animal Nutrition Poznan University of Life SciencesPoznanWolynska 3360-637Poland

The aim of the study was a comparison of the composition and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients in the seeds of two varieties of yellow lupine (YL). Moreover, an examination of the level of soybean meal (SBM) substitution by YL meal and in a combination with rapeseed meal (RSM) on the pigs’ performance was performed. In a digestibility trial, 30 male pigs were tested using a marker method. In two growth experiments, 60 pigs (in each) were fed diets where SBM was replaced by YL in 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% or by a mixture of RSM and YL or by both these components. The chemical composition of varieties differed among crude protein (CP), fiber, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and fat. The digestibility coefficients of protein, fat and gross energy were similar for both varieties. The substitution of SBM with YL did not negatively affect the pigs’ performance. A mixture of RSM with YL had no negative effect on growth parameters, except for the starter phase, when a level of above 15% RSM in the diet reduced the pigs’ gains. In conclusion, YL alone and with RSM may be a sustainable alternative to SBM in pig nutrition.

关键词： Alternative protein source chemical composition digestibility growth pig yellow lupine

Effect of Phytase on Digestibility and Performance of Growing and Finishing Pigs Fed Diets with Lupins and Rapeseed Meal

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2020年第4期10卷 216-227页

作者： Małgorzata Kasprowicz-Potocka Anita Zaworska-Zakrzewska andrzej rutkowski Department of Animal Nutrition Poznan University of Life SciencesWołyńska 33Poznań60-637Poland

Lupin seeds and rapeseed meal(RSM)contain relatively high amounts of poorly digestible *** additive can help in the utilization of nutrients from the *** aim of this study was to determine total tract digestibility coefficients of nutrients and performance results of finishing pigs fed diets containing yellow lupin or narrow-leafed lupin seeds and/or RSM with similar or increasing levels of *** experiments were *** Experiment I the effect of RONOZYME®HiPhos(100 g/t)in diets containing narrow-leafed or yellow lupin seeds and RSM on production parameters of fatteners was *** Experiment II the effect of phytase RONOZYME®HiPhos(1,000 FTU/t)in similar diets was analyzed but calcium(Ca)and phosphorus(P)levels in diets were *** Experiment III the effect of increasing levels of Quantum Bluephytase(0,5,000,10,000 and 15,000 FTU/t)in diets with yellow lupin seeds with reduced Ca and P level on total tract digestibility coefficients of selected nutrients and performance of pigs was *** none of the experiments the enzyme additives included in the diet affected pig performance(p>0.05).There were no significant differences(p>0.05)in apparent total tract digestibility coefficients of dry matter(DM)and crude protein(CP).The phytase additives significantly improved P and Ca digestibility coefficients(p<0.05)in comparison with the control diet,but this improvement was not linearly related with phytase *** improving digestibility phytase allows to reduce mineral contents in diets,thus reducing the cost of pig nutrition.

关键词： Phytase lupin rapeseed meal weaners fatteners digestibility.

Non-starch Polysaccharide Degrading Enzymes in Corn and Wheat-Based Broiler Diets： Dual Activity for Major Substrates

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2018年第2期8卷 76-88页

作者： Kirsten De Keyser Noel Dierick Leni Kuterna Olivier Maigret Sebastian Kaczmarek andrzej rutkowski Erik Vanderbeke AVEVE Biochem NV Eugeen Meeusstraat 6 Merksem 2170 Belgium Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Coupure Links 653 Ghent 9000 Belgium Department of Animal Nutrition University of Life Sciences ul. Wojska Polskiego 28 Poznań60-637 Poland

An easy,convenient statistical method to analyze bark beetle populations

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林业研究:英文版 2023年第6期34卷 2027-2040页

作者： andrzej Borkowski Department of Environmental Biology Institute of BiologyJan Kochanowski UniversityUniwersytecka 7 Str25-406 KielcePoland

A non-invasive method to estimate the number of Trypodendron lineatum holes on dead standing pines(Pinus sylvestris L.)was developed using linear and nonlinear estimations.A clas sical linear regres sion model was first used to analyze the relationship between the number of holes caused by *** on selected stem units and the total number of holes on an entire dead stem of ***,to obtain a better fit of the regression function to the data for the stem unit selected in the first step,piecewise linear regression(PLR)was ***,in an area used to evaluate wood decomposition(method validation),the total and mean numbers of *** holes were estimated for single dead trees and for a sample(n=8 dead trees).Data were collected in 2009(data set D1),in 2010-2014(data set D2)and in 2020(data set D3)in forests containing *** located within Suchedniow-Oblegorek Landscape Park,Poland.A model was constructed with three linear *** evaluation of model accuracy showed that it was highly effective regardless of the density of *** holes and sample *** method enables the evaluation of the biological role of this species in the decomposition of dead standing wood of *** in strictly protected areas.

关键词： Trypodendron lineatum Pinus sylvestris Population Wood decomposition Forest management Piecewise linear regression

Technical problems and non destructive testing of rock bolt support systems in mines

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2023年第1期10卷 124-135页

作者： andrzej Staniek Central Mining Institute Plac Gwarkow 140-166 KatowicePoland

The problem of proper assessment of the technical functionality of rock bolt support systems is still *** research centers have undertaken eforts to diagnose and monitor the technical state of such a support system used in mines and *** that aim the method of quality assessment of grouted rock bolts was invented and a relevant apparatus was *** method concerns non-destructive identifcation of discontinuity of a resin layer(grout)surrounding rock *** method is based on an impact excitation of a rock bolt and uses modal analysis *** that the installed rock bolt acts as an oscillator,diferent lengths and positions of grouting discontinuity alter its modal *** extraction of these modal parameters,of which a resonant frequency is seen as the most valued,enable the relevant identifcation of grout *** constructing a prototype version and validating the results for known cases of resin discontinuity in an experimental coal mine,the apparatus fulflling ATEX requirements was *** that version was also verifed both in laboratory conditions and in an experimental coal *** necessary for proper identifcation of discontinuity length,the reference data base was developed and elaborated consisting of a very large number of fnite element models(FE models),namely discontinuity *** models encountered diferent rock bolt lengths and diameters,diferent rock strata parameters and diferent positions and lengths of resin *** the method was used in a working coal mine to monitor a technical state of rock bolt support system mounted to reinforce long underground *** data base was utilized as reference for investigated rock bolts.

关键词： Rock Rock bolt Safety Modal analysis Mining

Endothelial cells and blood vessels are major targets for COVID-19-induced tissue injury and spreading to various organs

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第3期28卷 275-289页

作者： andrzej S Tarnawski Amrita Ahluwalia Gastroenterology Research Department University of California Irvine and the Veterans Administration Long Beach Healthcare SystemLong BeachCA 90822United States Research Service Veterans Administration Long Beach Healthcare SystemLong BeachCA 90822United States

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infected so far over 250 million people and caused the death of over 5 million ***,diabetes,and cardiovascular diseases,conditions with preexisting impaired endothelial functions predispose to *** respiratory epithelium is the main route of virus entry,the endothelial cells(ECs)lining pulmonary blood vessels are also an integral part of lung injury in COVID-19 ***-19 not only affects the lungs and respiratory system but also gastrointestinal(GI)tract,liver,pancreas,kidneys,heart,brain,and *** vessels are likely conduits for the virus dissemination to these distant ***,ECs are also critical for vascular regeneration during injury/lesions healing and restoration of vascular *** World Journal of Gastroenterology has published in last two years over 67 outstanding papers on COVID-19 infection with a focus on the GI tract,liver,pancreas,etc.,however,the role of the endothelial and vascular components as major targets for COVID-19-induced tissue injury,spreading to various organs,and injury healing have not been sufficiently *** the present article,we focus on these subjects and on current treatments including the most recent oral drugs molnupiravir and paxlovid that show a dramatic,significant efficacy in controlling severe COVID-19 infection.

关键词： Endothelial cells Impaired endothelial function Blood vessels SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Cytokine storm

Monitoring nonlinear and fast deformation caused byunderground mining exploitation using multi-temporal Sentinel-1 radar interferometry and corner reflectors: application,validation and processing obstacles

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 251-271页

作者： Kamila Pawłuszek-Filipiak Natalia Wielgocka Damian Tondaś andrzej Borkowski Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformatics Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life SciencesWroclawPoland

In this study,Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry(DInSAR)of artificial Corner Reflectors(CRs)were validated in the area of fast and nonlinear deformation gradient caused by active coal longwall *** Sentinel-1 datasets were processed using conventional DInSAR,Persistent Scatterer Interferometry(PSI),and Small BAseline Subset methods implemented in ENVI SARscape™.For evaluation,leveling and Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)measurements were *** the challenge of snow cover,the removal of all winter images was not a successful strategy due to the long temporal baseline and strong movement,which cause phase unwrapping problems and underestimate the real *** results indicate that only conventional DInSAR and SBAS with low network redundancy allow us to capture maximal deformation gradient and the root mean square error calculated between the CRs and the ground truth is on the level of 2–3 cm for the vertical and easting deformation component,*** the small deformation gradient represented by the permanent GNSS station(4 cm/year),all SBAS techniques appeared to be more accurate than DInSAR,which corresponds to higher redundancy and better removal of the atmospheric *** contrast,DInSAR results allowed to capture information about two subsidence basins,which was not possible with SBAS and PSI approaches.

关键词： DInSAR PSI SBAS corner reflectors mining deformations nonlinear and significantdeformation phase unwrapping errors

Environmental exposure to cadmium but not lead is associated with decreased semen quality parameters:quality regionalism of sperm properties

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2022年第1期24卷 26-31页

作者： Katarzyna Olszak-Wasik andrzej Tukiendorf Aleksandra Kasperczyk Artur Wdowiak Stanislaw Horak Department of Gynecology Obstetrics and Oncological Gynecology in BytomMedical University of SilesiaSchool of Medicine and Division of Dentistry in ZabrzeBatorego 15Bytom 41-902Poland Department of Public Health Wroclaw Medical UniversityBartla 5Wroclaw 51-618Poland Department of Biochemistry Medical University of SilesiaSchool of Medicine and Division of Dentistry in ZabrzeJordana 19Zabrze 41-808Poland Faculty of Health Sciences Diagnostic Techniques UnitMedical University of LublinStaszica 4/6Lublin 20-081Poland

Environmental factors may negatively contribute to a progressive worsening of semen quality,and differences in semen quality may result from different environmental exposures(regional differences)or lifestyle *** metals are factors with a confirmed negative influence on male *** them,lead and cadmium are commonly found in human ***,we analyzed semen parameters(according to the World Health Organization 2010 recommendations)and semen lead and cadmium concentrations in 188 men from two different regions in Poland,a typical agricultural area and an industrial area,in couples that had been diagnosed with *** assays were performed using flameless electrothermal atomic absorption *** the statistical analysis,regional comparisons and then taxonomic comparisons based on three parameters(age,semen concentration,and sperm morphology)were *** showed that more cadmium than lead accumulated in semen,a higher cadmium concentration was observed in semen obtained from men from the agricultural region,and better semen quality and lower cadmium concentrations were found in the semen of men from the industrial,more polluted *** thus showed an existing regionalism in the sperm quality ***,semen parameters such as morphology and progressive and nonprogressive motility followed the same trends,regardless of the patient’s age,region,or *** could conclude that the environment has a minor impact on sperm morphology and progressive and nonprogressive motility and that other existing factors could have an indirect influence on semen quality.

关键词： cadmium environment lead semen quality taxonomic analysis