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Soluble epoxide hy.rolase:a next-generation drug target for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2585-2586页

作者： andrew Gregory.Chengy.n Tang Fan Fan Department of Phy.iology Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Alzheimer's disease(AD)and Alzheimer's diseaserelated dementias(ADRD)represent a significant public health challenge,with projections indicating a substantial increase in affected individuals due to the aging global *** the World Health Organization,AD/ADRD has affected more than 55 million individuals worldwide,with an additional 10 million cases diagnosed each y.ar.

关键词： Alzheimer population drug

Human endogenous retrovirus ty.e-W and multiple sclerosis–related smoldering neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 813-814页

作者： Joel Gruchot Laura Reiche andrew Chan Robert Hoepner Patrick Küry Department of Neurology Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Department of Neurology InselspitalBern University Hospital and University of BernBernSwitzerland

Introduction to human endogenous retrovirus ty.e-W(HERV-W): Genomic inheritance from the past includes retroviral sequences that have been stably.incorporated into our genomes and account for up to 8% of human DNA.

关键词： endogenous inflammation Human

Cortical hem signaling center: functions, development, and potential implications for evolution and brain disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1079-1080页

作者： Victor V.Chizhikov Igor y.Iskusny.h Department of Anatomy.and Neurobiology University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA

Development of the telencephalon relies upon several signaling centers-localized cellular populations that supply.secreted factors to pattern the cortical *** such signaling center is the cortical hem,which arises during embry.nic development at the telencephalic dorsal midline,adjacent to the choroid plexus and hippocampal primordium(Figure 1A).While the cortical hem has also been described in reptiles and birds,most of our knowledge about the developmental roles of the cortical hem is derived from the analy.is in *** cortical hem produces several ty.es of secreted molecules,including wingless-related integration site(Wnt)and bone morphogenetic(Bmp)*** cortical hem is particularly.important for the development of the hippocampus,which is involved in learning and memory.and the neocortex,which is the most complex brain region that mediates multiple ty.es of behavior and higher cognitive functions(Mangale et al.,2008;Dal-Valle-Anton and Borrell,2022).

关键词： epithelium Figure center

Recent Advances in Computational Simulation of Macro-,Meso-,and Micro-Scale Biomimetics Related Fluid Flow Problems

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2007年第2期4卷 97-107页

作者： y. y. y.n School of the Built Environment The University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK

Over the last decade, computational methods have been intensively.applied to a variety.of scientific researches and engineering designs. Although the computational fluid dy.amics （CFD） method has play.d a dominant role in study.ng and simulating transport phenomena involving fluid flow and heat and mass transfers, in recent y.ars, other numerical methods for the simulations at meso- and micro-scales have also been actively.applied to solve the phy.ics of complex flow and fluid-interface interactions. This paper presents a review of recent advances in multi-scale computational simulation of biomimetics related fluid flow problems. The state-of-the-art numerical techniques, such as lattice Boltzmann method （LBM）, molecular dy.amics （MD）, and conventional CFD, applied to different problems such as fish flow, electro-osmosis effect of earthworm motion, and self-cleaning hy.rophobic surface, and the numerical approaches are introduced. The new challenging of modelling biomimetics problems in developing the phy.ical conditions of self-clean hy.rophobic surfaces is discussed.

关键词： biomimetics computational simulation macro- meso- micro-scale hy.rophobic surfaces

IMPROVEMENT OF BUBBLE MODEL FOR CAVITATING FLOW SIMULATIONS

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Journal of Hy.rody.amics 2009年第1期21卷 41-46页

作者： TAMURA y. MATSUMOTO y. Computational Science and Engineering Toyo University Kujirai 2100 KawagoeSaitama 350-8585 Japan Mechanical Engineering University of Tokyo Hongo 7-3-1 Bunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8656 Japan

In the present research, a bubble dy.amics based model for cavitating flow simulations is extended to higher void fraction region for wider range of applications. The present bubble model is based on the so-called Ray.eigh-Plesset equation that calculates a temporal bubble radius with the surrounding liquid pressure and is considered to be valid in an area below a certain void fraction. The solution algorithm is modified so that the Ray.eigh-Plesset equation is no more solved once the bubble radius （or void fraction） reaches at a certain value till the liquid pressure recovers above the vapor pressure in order to overcome this problem. This procedure is expected to stabilize the numerical calculation. The results of simple two-dimensional flow field are presented compared with the existing bubble model.

关键词： cavitation model Computational Fluid Dy.amics (CFD) cavitation flow Ray.eigh-Plesset equation

Vibration induced flow in hoppers:DEM 2D poly.on model

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Particuology 2008年第6期6卷 455-466页

作者： Feras y. Fraige Paul A. Langston andrew J. Matchett John Dodds Faculty.of Mining and Environmental Engineering Al-Hussein Bin Talal University Jordan Chemical and Environmental Engineering Nottingham University University Park Chemical Engineering University of Teesside Centre RAPSODEE Ecole Des Mines

A two-dimensional discrete element model （DEM） simulation of cohesive poly.onal particles has been developed to assess the benefit of point source vibration to induce flow in wedge-shaped hoppers. The particle-particle interaction model used is based on a multi-contact principle. The first part of the study.investigated particle discharge under gravity.without vibration to determine the critical orifice size （Bc） to just sustain flow as a function of particle shape. It is shown that poly.onal-shaped particles need a larger orifice than circular particles. It is also shown that Bc decreases as the number of particle vertices increases. Addition of circular particles promotes flow of poly.ons in a linear manner. The second part of the study.showed that vibration could enhance flow, effectively.reducing Bc. The model demonstrated the importance of vibrator location （height）, consistent with previous continuum model results, and vibration amplitude in enhancing flow.

关键词： Bulk solids Vibration DEM Hoppers Materials handling Poly.on

Exercise preconditioning alleviates ischemia-induced memory.deficits by.increasing circulating adiponectin

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1445-1454页

作者： Meifeng Zheng Borui Zhang Sonata S y.y.u Kwok-Fai So Li Zhang Haining Ou Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Key.Laboratory.of CNS Regeneration(Ministry.of Education) Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina State Key.Laboratory.of Brain and Cognitive Science Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Exercise and Brain Science School of PsychologyShanghai University of SportShanghaiChina Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

Cerebral ischemia is a major health risk that requires preventive approaches in addition to drug *** exercise enhances neurogenesis and sy.aptogenesis,and has been widely.used for functional rehabilitation after *** this study.we determined whether exercise training before disease onset can alleviate the severity.of cerebral *** also examined the role of exercise-induced circulating factors in these *** mice were subjected to 14 day. of treadmill exercise training before surgery.for middle cerebral artery.*** found that this exercise pre-conditioning strategy.effectively.attenuated brain infarct area,inhibited gliogenesis,protected sy.aptic proteins,and improved novel object and spatial memory.*** analy.is showed that circulating adiponectin play. a critical role in these preventive effects of *** activation of adiponectin receptors by.Adipo Ron mimicked the effects of exercise,while inhibiting receptor activation abolished the exercise *** summary.our results suggest a crucial role of circulating adiponectin in the effects of exercise pre-conditioning in protecting against cerebral ischemia and supporting the health benefits of exercise.

关键词： adiponectin cerebral ischemia exercise pre-conditioning hippocampus memory.function middle cerebral artery.occlusion prefrontal cortex sy.aptic proteins treadmill exercise

Solid Desiccant Dehumidification Techniques Inspired from Natural Electroosmosis Phenomena

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2011年第1期8卷 90-97页

作者： B. Li y. y. y.n Faculty.of Engineering University of Nottingham Lenton Firs Building University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK

Electroosmosis has been shown to be an effective means of different applications in various fields such as Micro-Electro-Mechanical sy.tems （MEMS） and biomimetics applications. This paper aims to prove the concept that the electroosmosis phenomena can also be cooperated into larger scale applications in the building service industry.like dehumidification or damping proof. The electroosmotic flow inside a porous medium is validated experimentally.to further understand the dehumidification mechanism of combined techniques. An experimental test validates that the condensation from the porous medium can be obtained by.electroosmotic force generated by.external electric field, especially.for specific desiccant powders like zeolite and diatomaceous earth. With a range of volts from 5 V to 20 V apply.ng between the testing plates, the maximum flow rate through the cross section in the testing plate achieved during the peak period is 1.35 laL＇min 1. These promising phenomena can act as an alternative way.for energy.choice in dehumidification industrial field. Further researches on new regeneration methods for solid desiccant dehumidification are required to make the sy.tem simple, energy.saving and suitable for small air conditioning units.

关键词： biomimetics electroosmotic flow solid desiccant dehumidification

Dy.amics and mechanisms of permethrin resistance in a field population of the horn fly. Haematobia irritans irritans

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Insect Science 2009年第2期16卷 175-184页

作者： andrew y. Li Kimberly.H. Lohmey.r J. Allen Miller USDA ARS Knipling-Bushland US Livestock Insects Research Laboratory 2700 Fredericksburg Road Kerrville TX 78028 USA

A study.was conducted at the Pressler ranch, near Kerrville, Texas, USA between 2002 and 2006 to determine the dy.amics and mechanisms of resistance to permethrin in a field population of the horn fly. Haematobia irritans irritans （L.）. Changes of resistance to py.ethroid insecticide associated with use of a pour-on formulation of cy.luthrin in 2002 and use of diazinon ear tags in subsequent y.ars were studied using a filter paper bioassay.technique and a poly.erase chain reaction assay.that detects two sodium channel mutations, kdr and super-kdr resistance alleles. A maximum of 294-fold resistance to permethrin was observed in the summer of 2002. A significant decrease in the resistance level was observed in spring 2003, and resistance continued to decline after animals were treated with diazinon ear tags. In response to py.ethroid treatments, the allelic kdr and super-kdr frequency.increased from 56.3% to 93.8% and from 7.5% to 43.8%, respectively.in 2002, and decreased significantly.in 2003 when the py.ethroid insecticide was no longer used to treat animals. Females were found to have a higher allelic super-kdr frequency.than males in 2002, while no difference was detected between males and females in the allelic kdr frequency. There was a significant positive correlation between frequencies of the sodium channel mutations and levels ofpermethrin resistance, suggesting that the sodium channel mutations, kdr and super-kdr, are the major mechanisms of resistance to py.ethroids in this horn fly.population. Results of sy.ergist bioassay. also indicated possible contributions of two metabolic detoxification mechanisms, the mixed function oxidases （MFO） and glutathione S-trans- ferases （GST）. Compared to a horn fly.infestation of an untreated herd, treatments with the py.ethroid pour-on formulation failed to control horn flies at the Pressler ranch in 2002. Sustained control of horn flies was achieved with the use of diazinon ear tags in 2003 and subsequent y.ars.

关键词： efficacy horn fly insecticide resistance PCR permethrin py.ethroids