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Identification of arylamine N-acetyltransferase inhibitors as an approach towards novel anti-tuberculars

Protein & Cell 2010年第1期1卷 82-95页

作者： Isaac M.westwood Sanjib Bhakta Angela J.Russell Elizabeth Fullam Matthew C.Anderton Akane Kawamura andrew w.mulvaney Richard J.Vickers Veemal Bhowruth Gurdyal S.Besra Ajit Lalvani Stephen G.Davies Edith Sim Department of Pharmacology University of OxfordOxford OX13QTUnited Kingdom Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of OxfordOxford OX13QLUnited Kingdom School of Biosciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom Tuberculosis Immunology Group Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Heart and Lung InstituteWright Fleming Institute of Infection and ImmunityImperial College LondonNorfolk PlaceLondon W21PGUnited Kingdom Structure-Based Drug Design Team Sections of Structural Biology and Cancer TherapeuticsInstitute of Cancer ResearchChester Beatty LaboratoriesLondon SW36JBUnited Kingdom Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology Department of Biological ScienceBirkbeckUniversity of LondonLondon WC1E 7HXUnited Kingdom

New anti-tubercular drugs and drug targets are urgently needed to reduce the time for treatment and also to identify agents that will be effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis persisting *** have a unique cell *** of the gene for arylamine N-acetyltransferase(NAT)decreases mycobacterial cell wall lipids,particularly the distinctive mycolates,and also increases antibiotic susceptibility and killing within macrophage of Mycobacterium bovis *** nat gene and its associated gene cluster are almost identical in sequence in *** BCG and *** gene cluster is essential for intracellular survival of *** have therefore used pure NAT protein for high-throughput screening to identify several classes of small molecules that inhibit NAT ***,we characterize one class of such molecules—triazoles—in relation to its effects on the target enzyme and on both *** BCG and *** most potent triazole mimics the effects of deletion of the nat gene on growth,lipid disruption and intracellular *** also present the structure-activity relationship between NAT inhibition and effects on mycobacterial growth,and use ligand-protein analysis to give further insight into the structure-activity *** conclude that screening a chemical library with NAT protein yields compounds that have high potential as anti-tubercular agents and that the inhibitors will allow further exploration of the biochemical pathway in which NAT is involved.

关键词： N-acetyltransferase Mycobacterium tuberculosis triazoles screening

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南极粒雪芯中的硝酸盐记录─—平流层冬/春季脱氮作用的证据

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地质地球化学 1995年第3期23卷 34-38页

作者： R.mulvaney E.w.wolff 刘雷保中国极地研究所

采白南极威德尔海地区极地涡流中的一支粒雪芯表明，在春季或夏初出现硝酸盐峰值。在更北面获得的两支粒雪芯的硝酸盐浓度要低得多。尽管还需要其它的数据，间接的证据已表明峰值可能是由于冬春季期间来自平流层的极地平流层云的沉积作... 详细信息

采白南极威德尔海地区极地涡流中的一支粒雪芯表明，在春季或夏初出现硝酸盐峰值。在更北面获得的两支粒雪芯的硝酸盐浓度要低得多。尽管还需要其它的数据，间接的证据已表明峰值可能是由于冬春季期间来自平流层的极地平流层云的沉积作用造成的。过去三十年中，峰形反有变化。从冰芯中观察过去平流层在较长时间尺度上的状况是可能的，但其它因素可能会消除冰期冰芯中的信息。

关键词：粒雪芯硝酸盐冰芯平流层脱氧作用南极

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Rheological Characteristics of Gluten after Modified by DATEM, Ascorbic Acid, Urea and DTT Using Creep-Recovery Test

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Journal of Modern Physics 2013年第10期4卷 1-8页

作者： Pavalee Chompoorat Amogh Ambardekar Steven mulvaney Patricia Rayas-Duarte 1Robert M Kerr Food & Agricultural Products Center Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Department of Food Science Cornell University Ithaca USA Robert M Kerr Food & Agricultural Products Center Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA

The effects of diacetyl tartaric acid ester of monoglycerides (DATEM), ascorbic acid (AA), urea, and dithiothreitol (DTT) on viscoelastic properties of commercial hard red winter wheat gluten were investigated. A constant shear stress of 40 Pa was applied to gluten during creep-recovery test. Experimental creep-recovery compliance responses were fitted into a Burgers model with four elements accounting for characteristics of pure elastic (spring), viscoelastic (spring-dashpots elements), and viscous flow (dashpot). DATEM decreased the elasticity and viscoelasticity, but increased viscosity of gluten. The addition of AA, urea, and DTT, resulted in opposite rheological properties when compared with DATEM. Relationship among physical properties was also studied with principal component analysis (PCA) including gluten viscoelasticity, dough mixing and baking properties. Regressed coefficients from Burgers model accounted for higher percent of explained variance and were independent from flour content, baking and dough mixing properties.

关键词： Burgers Model Creep-Recovery Test Gluten Gluten and Dough Rheology Principal Component Analysis (PCA)

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东南极LGB69冰芯1712-2001年气温变化记录的初步研究

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地球科学进展 2021年第2期36卷 172-184页

作者：张子洋闫明 mulvaney Robert 季峻峰效存德刘雷保安春雷中国极地研究中心上海200136 南京大学表生地球化学教育部重点实验室江苏南京210023 British Antarctic Survey High CrossMadingley Road’Cambridge CB30ETUK 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院甘肃兰州730000

南极冰芯记录着过去气温、降水等气候环境参数以及影响其变化的太阳活动、火山作用等各种因子变化,是研究古气候、古环境变化及其影响机制的良好载体。东南极LGB69冰芯高分辨率的地球化学分析表明:(1)该冰芯的水当量年平均积累率高达259... 详细信息

南极冰芯记录着过去气温、降水等气候环境参数以及影响其变化的太阳活动、火山作用等各种因子变化,是研究古气候、古环境变化及其影响机制的良好载体。东南极LGB69冰芯高分辨率的地球化学分析表明:(1)该冰芯的水当量年平均积累率高达259 mm/a,利用δ18O和Na+季节性变化和火山喷发标志层,通过数年层的方法确定其沉积时间为290 a(1712-2001年)±2 a;(2)该冰芯δ18O与邻近的戴维斯站气温距平5年滑动平均值(1968-2001年)之间具有良好的正相关关系,是有效的气温代用指标,1712-2001年该地区气温是一个波动变暖的过程,划分为4个阶段,小冰期结束于1914年,20世纪5年滑动平均气温距平年平均值较小冰期末次冷阶段升高0.30℃;(3)Morlet小波分析表明,1712-2001年该冰芯δ18O(气温)和积累率(降水量)均存在约11年、约22年和约60年的共同周期,多重时间周期的嵌套表明其对气候变化非常敏感。上述研究结果为进一步重建南极气候冷暖、降水序列变化,以及研究太阳活动、火山作用等因子对气候变化影响的内在规律奠定了基础。

关键词：南极冰芯定年气候变化稳定氧同位素积累率

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Ultrafast imaging of terahertz electric waveforms using quantum dots

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第1期11卷 63-68页

作者： Moritz B.Heindl Nicholas Kirkwood Tobias Lauster Julia A.Lang Markus Retsch Paul mulvaney Georg Herink Experimental Physics VIII-Ultrafast Dynamics University of BayreuthBayreuthGermany ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science School of ChemistryUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia Physical Chemistry I University of BayreuthBayreuthGermany

Microscopic electric fields govern the majority of elementary excitations in condensed matter and drive electronics at frequencies approaching the Terahertz(THz)***,only few imaging schemes are able to resolve sub-wavelength fields in the THz range,such as scanning-probe techniques,electro-optic sampling,and ultrafast electron ***,intrinsic constraints on sample geometry,acquisition speed and field strength limit their ***,we harness the quantum-confined Stark-effect to encode ultrafast electric near-fields into colloidal quantum dot *** approach,termed Quantum-probe Field Microscopy(QFIM),combines far-field imaging of visible photons with phase-resolved sampling of electric *** capturing ultrafast movies,we spatio-temporally resolve a Terahertz resonance inside a bowtie antenna and unveil the propagation of a Terahertz waveguide excitation deeply in the sub-wavelength *** demonstrated QFIM approach is compatible with strong-field excitation and sub-micrometer resolution—introducing a direct route towards ultrafast field imaging of complex nanodevices inoperando.

关键词： antenna waveguide quantum

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Effect of Increased Nitrogen Application Rates and Environment on Protein, Oil, Fatty Acids, and Minerals in Sesame (<i>Sesamum indicum</i>) Seed Grown under Mississippi Delta Conditions

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2018年第9期9卷 1115-1135页

作者： Nacer Bellaloui Hamed K. Abbas M. wayne Ebelhar Alemu Mengistu Michael J. mulvaney Cesare Accinelli w. Thomas Shier USDA Agricultural Research Service Crop Genetics Research Unit Stoneville MS USA USDA Agricultural Research Service Biological Control of Pests Research Unit Stoneville MS USA Delta Research and Extension Center Mississippi State University Starkville MS USA USDA Agricultural Research Service Crop Genetics Research Unit Jackson TN USA Agronomy Department West Florida Research and Education Center University of Florida Gainesville FL USA Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna Bologna Italy Department of Medicinal Chemistry College of Pharmacy University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA

Information on the effect of nitrogen fertilizer rates and environment on sesame seed composition and nutrition is scarce. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application rates on sesame seed yield, protein, oil, fatty acids, and mineral nutrition. A two-year (2014, 2015) field experiment was conducted. Nitrogen fertilizer (urea ammonium nitrate) solution (UAN, 32% N) was applied by side dressing to four sesame varieties (S-34, S-35, S-38, S-39) at rates of 44.7, 67.2, 89.6 and 112.0 kg·ha-1. Rate of 44.7 kg·ha-1 was used as control since this rate is traditionally recommended in the region. Increasing nitrogen application rates resulted in higher protein and oleic acid contents in two varieties in 2014, and in all varieties in 2015. Increased protein and oleic acid were accompanied by lower total oil and linoleic acid. Increased nitrogen application also resulted in higher seed N, S, B, Cu, Fe, and Zn in 2014 in S-34 and S-35, but either a decline or no clear change was observed in seed levels of these nutrients in S-38 and S-39. In 2015, increased nitrogen application resulted in significantly higher seed N in all varieties, and higher S, B, Cu, Fe, and Zn in some varieties. A significant positive correlation was observed between nitrogen application rate and yield, and with seed levels of protein, oleic, acid, N, B, Cu, Fe, and Zn. A significant negative correlation was observed between nitrogen application rate and seed oil and linoleic acid. Thus, increased nitrogen fertilizer application resulted in higher seed protein, oleic acid, and some mineral nutrients, but lower oil and linoleic acid. However, this effect depended on variety and environmental conditions. Because higher protein and oleic acid are desirable traits for sesame seed nutritional value and oil stability, regional breeders should select sesame varieties for efficient fertilizer response.

关键词： Sesame Varieties Nitrogen Application Seed Protein and Oil Seed Fatty Acids Seed Mineral Nutrition

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Self-depleted CuSCN at back contact for high performance CZTSSe solar cells

Self-depleted CuSCN at back contact for high performance CZT...

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第九届新型太阳能材料科学与技术学术研讨会

作者： Yixiong Ji Xiangyun Zhao Fangyang Liu Paul mulvaney School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South University ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science School of Chemistry University of Melbourne

Optimization of the back contact interface is crucial for improving the performance of Cu ZnSnS(CZTS) thin film solar cells. In this paper, we employ self-depleted CuSCN as an intermediate layer at the Mo/CZTS interface to improve the quality of the back contact. This CuSCN layer, obtained by aqueous solution processing eliminates multi-layer crystallization of the absorber and suppresses the undesirable reaction between Mo and selenium(Se) during the selenization process. By preventing the reaction of Mo and CZTSSe which triggers the formation of secondary phases, a highly crystalline, single-layer CZTSSe absorber is achieved. The single-layer CZTS absorber exhibits reduced carrier recombination, enhanced carrier density and there is a reduced conduction band offset(CBO) at the CZTSSe/CdS junction. The improved back contact allows a 11.09% powerconversion-efficiency to be achieved.

关键词： Self-depleted CuSCN back contact CZTSSe solar cell

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A reflective display based on the electro-microfluidic assembly of particles within suppressed water-in-oil droplet array

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第12期12卷 2742-2754页

作者： Shitao Shen Haoqiang Feng Yueming Deng Shuting Xie Zichuan Yi Mingliang Jin Guofu Zhou Paul mulvaney Lingling Shui Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and DevicesSchool of Information and Optoelectronic Science and EngineeringSouth China Normal University510006 GuangzhouChina International Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System(LOTS) National Center for International Research on Green OptoelectronicsSouth China Academy of Advanced OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal University510006 GuangzhouPeople’s Republic of China School of Electronic Information University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaZhongshan Institute528402 ZhongshanChina ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science School of ChemistryUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia

Reflective displays have stimulated considerable interest because of their friendly readability and low energy ***,we develop a reflective display technique via an electro-microfluidic assembly of particles(eMAP)strategy whereby colored particles assemble into annular and planar structures inside a dyed water droplet to create"open"and"closed"states of a display ***-in-oil droplets are compressed within microwells to form a pixel *** particles dispersed in droplets are driven by deformation-strengthened dielectrophoretic force to achieve fast and reversible motion and assemble into multiple *** eMAP based device can display designed information in three primary colors with≥170°viewing angle,~0.14 s switching time,and bistability with an optimized material *** proposed technique demonstrates the basis of a high-performance and energy-saving reflective display,and the display speed and color quality could be further improved by structure and material optimization;exhibiting a potential reflective display technology.

关键词： deformation reflective fluid

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太阳能的绿色困境

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科技纵览 2014年第9期 28-31页

作者： Dustin mulvaney

在太阳下闪闪发光的太阳能电池板是所有环保产业的标志。不过．虽然光伏发电确实比燃烧化石燃料对环境更有利，但几起事故使这些环保象征的制造过程与化学污染的痕迹联系了起来。事实证明，根据技术和地理位置的不同，补偿已用能源所花... 详细信息

在太阳下闪闪发光的太阳能电池板是所有环保产业的标志。不过．虽然光伏发电确实比燃烧化石燃料对环境更有利，但几起事故使这些环保象征的制造过程与化学污染的痕迹联系了起来。事实证明，根据技术和地理位置的不同，补偿已用能源所花费的时间以及光伏电池板生产中排放的温室气体量存在很大差异。这些是负面消息。而好消息是，这个行业可以做到很容易地消除确实存在的许多破坏性的副作用。

关键词：太阳能电池板环保产业光伏发电化石燃料化学污染制造过程地理位置气体量

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基底细胞癌的发展与宿主免疫反应和基质改变相关的组织学分析

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第11期2卷 31-32页

作者： Kaur P. mulvaney M. andrew Carlson J. 冯义国 Divisions of Dermatopathology and Dermatology Albany Medical CollegeMC-81AlbanyNY12208United StatesDr.

Neoplastic progression is characterized in part by escape from immune surveillance and formation of growth-permissive stroma. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) can be subclassified into low-and high-risk types for local recurrence. To determine whether these types of BCC correlate with alterations in local host immune response and stroma and whether these changes follow stepwise histologic progression from low-to high-risk subtypes, we assessed the clinicopathologic features in 175 consecutive primary (nonrecurrent) BCC excision specimens. BCCs exhibited a significantly higher frequency of mixed rather than homogeneous growth patterns (76%vs. 24%, P ≤0.0001). Nodular (84%) was the most common pattern identified followed by superficial (77%), infiltrative (27%), morpheic (5%) and micronodular patterns (4%). Only superficial (12%of all BCC) and nodular (12%) patterns were identified in BCC with a homogeneous histologic phenotype. Micronodular and infiltrative-morpheic patterns were not identified together in mixed patterned BCCs, and these high-risk types were contiguous with nodular BCC. Superficial predominant BCC (major growth pattern) was significantly associated with trunk and extremity location (76%) and skin without solar elastosis (82%), whereas BCC harboring a nodular growth pattern component was significantly associated with a head and neck location (63%) and the presence of adjacent solar elastosis (all P ≤0.03). Significant correlations were identified for BCC subtypes with inflammatory and stromal alterations: superficial BCC with old regression and moderate to dense peritumoral lymphocytic infiltrates; high-risk types correlated with active regression; infiltrative and morpheic BCC with fibrosing tumor stroma; and micronodular BCC with loss of both host inflammatory and stromal tumor responses. Evaluating the theoretical histologic stepwise model of BCCprogression (superficial-to-nodular-to-micronodular,or superficial-to-nodular-to-infiltrative-to-morpheic BCC

关键词：基底细胞癌宿主免疫反应组织学分析结节型高危型低危型混合生长硬斑瘤细胞病型

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