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The Asian Lineage of Zika Virus: Transmission and Evolution in Asia and the Americas

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Virologica Sinica 2019年第1期34卷 1-8页

作者： Tao Hu juan Li Michael j.carr Sebastián Duchêne Weifeng Shi Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong Taishan Medical College Global Station for Zoonosis Control Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE)Hokkaido University National Virus Reference Laboratory School of MedicineUniversity College Dublin Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteUniversity of Melbourne

Since first isolation in 1947 from the Zika forest in Uganda, Zika virus(ZIKV) has been principally known as a benign agent associated with sporadic human infections in a restricted number of African countries. However, during 2015–2016,an Asian lineage of ZIKV caused an unprecedentedly large outbreak in the Americas and sizeable numbers of exported cases across the globe. In this review, we critically appraise the recent advances in molecular epidemiological studies of ZIKV performed to date, and we highlight the pivotal role played by genomic surveillance in elucidating the origins,dissemination and evolution of the Asian lineage of ZIKV in Asia and in the Americas.

关键词： Zika virus(ZIKV) Asian lineage Transmission Evolution Re

Murine model of acute myocarditis and cerebral cortical neuron edema induced by coxsackievirus B4

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Zoological Research 2018年第1期39卷 52-57页

作者： zhao-peng dong qian wang zhen-jie zhang michael j.carr dong li wei-feng shi key laboratory of etiology and epidemiology of emerging infectious diseases in universities of shandong taishan medical universityTaian Shandong 271000China shanghai jinshan center for disease control and prevention Shanghai 201599China school of public health taishan medical universityTaian Shandong 271016China global station for zoonosis control global institution for collaborative research and education(gi-core)hokkaido universitySapporo 060-8589Japan national virus reference laboratory school of medicineuniversity college dublinDublin 4Ireland

Globally, coxsackievirus B4 （CV-B4） has been continuously isolated and evidence suggests an association with the development of pancreatitis and type I diabetes. In addition, CV-B4 is also associated with myocarditis and severe central nervous system （CNS） complications, which remain poorly studied and understood. In the present study, we established an institute for Cancer Research （ICR） mouse model of CV-B4 infection and examined whether CV-B4 infection resulted in a predisposition to myocarditis and CNS infection. We found high survival in both the treatment and control group, with no significant differences in clinical outcomes observed. However, pathological lesions were evident in both brain and heart tissue of the CV-B4-infected mice. in addition, high viral loads were found in the neural and cardiac tissues as early as 2 days post infection. Expressions of IFN-y and IL-6 in sera were significantly higher in CV-B4-infected mice compared to uninfected negative controls, suggesting the involvement of these cytokines in the development of histopathological lesions. Our murine model successfully reproduced the acute myocarditis and cerebral cortical neuron edema induced by CV-B4, and may be useful for the evaluation of vaccine candidates and potential antivirals against CV-B4 infection.

关键词： Coxsackievirus B4 Myocarditis CNS Edema Neurons

Innovative seismic retrofitting strategy of added stories isolation system

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013年第1期7卷 13-23页

作者： Min-Ho CHEY j.Geoffrey CHASE john B.MANDER Athol j.carr School of Architecture&Art Yanbian University of Science&TechnologyYanji 133000China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of CanterburyChristchurch 8140New Zealand Zachry Department of Civil Engineering Texas A&M UniversityTexas 77843USA Department of Civil&Natural Resources Engineering University of CanterburyChristchurch 8140New Zealand

The seismic performance of“added stories isolation”(ASI)systems are investigated for 12-story moment resisting *** newly added and isolated upper stories on the top of the existing structure are rolled to act as a large tuned mass damper(TMD)to overcome the limitation of the size of tuned mass,resulting to“12+2”and“12+4”stories building *** isolation layer,as a core design strategy,is optimally designed based on optimal TMD design principle,entailing the insertion of passive flexible laminated rubber bearings to segregate two or four upper stories from a conventionally constructed lower superstructure *** performance metrics are presented for 30 earthquake records from the 3 suites of the SAC *** history analyses are used to compute various response performances and reduction factors across a wide range of seismic hazard *** show that ASI systems can effectively manage seismic response for multi-degree-of freedom(MDOF)systems across a broader range of ground motions without requiring burdensome extra *** results include the identification of differences in the number of added story by which the suggested isolation systems remove energy.

关键词： added stories seismic isolation tuned mass damper parametric optimization statistical method

Genitourinary melanoma:An overview for the clinician

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Asian journal of Urology 2022年第4期9卷 407-422页

作者： Danielle K.DePalo Kelly M.Elleson Michael j.carr Philippe E.Spiess jonathan S.Zager Department of Cutaneous Oncology Moffitt Cancer CenterTampaFLUSA Department of Surgery University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA Department of Genitourinary Oncology Moffitt Cancer CenterTampaFLUSA

Genitourinary (GU) melanoma is a rare presentation of melanoma accounting for approximately 0.5% of all *** melanomas include primary melanomas of the vulva,vagina,uterine cervix,ovary,penis,scrotum,urethra,bladder,ureter,and *** melanomas are often diagnosed in advanced stages and stigma is thought to contribute to delays in *** the likely diagnosing provider,it is imperative that dermatologists,urologists,and gynecologists are aware of these uncommon sites of *** there have been major advances in the treatment of melanomas as a whole in the last 10 years,their applications to GU melanomas have often been *** melanomas have not been included in many of the major phase II clinical trials which brought contemporary advanced treatments to market and the prognoses for GU melanomas remain *** to the rarity of GU melanomas,much of the literature provides gener alized recommendations across multiple different organs affected by GU melanomas or omits certain topics,making it difficult to appreciate the funda-mentals of the individual *** review aimed to provide background information on the pathogenesis and epidemiology of the different sites of GU melanomas and categorize data specific to the presentation,staging,treatment,and prognosis of each type of GU melanoma to guide the *** was also meant to encourage a multidisciplinary approach to the management of these patients as it spans the expertise of surgical oncologists,medical oncologists,radiation oncologist,dermatologists,urologists,and gynecologists.

关键词： Genitalia Female Male Melanoma Rare diseases Staging Treatment Urinary tract

Seroprevalence of influenza viruses in Shandong,Northern China during the COVID-19 pandemic

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Frontiers of Medicine 2022年第6期16卷 984-990页

作者： Chuansong Quan Zhenjie Zhang Guoyong Ding Fengwei Sun Hengxia Zhao Qinghua Liu Chuanmin Ma jing Wang Liang Wang Wenbo Zhao jinjie He Yu Wang Qian He Michael j.carr Dayan Wang Qiang Xiao Weifeng Shi Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesTaian 271000China School of Public Health Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan 250117China The Department of Infectious Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityTaian 271000China Clinical Laboratory The Department of Clinical LaboratoryBoshan District HospitalZibo 255200China Clinical Laboratory The Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityTaian 271000China The Department of Cancer Center Taian Tumor Prevention and Treatment HospitalTaian271000China National Virus Reference Laboratory School of MedicineUniversity College DublinDublin 4Ireland International Collaboration Unit International Institute for Zoonosis ControlHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaido0010020Japan Chinese National Influenza Center National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionCollaboration Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionKey Laboratory for Medical VirologyNational Health and Family Planning CommissionBeijing102206China

Nonpharmaceutical interventions(NPIs)have been commonly deployed to prevent and control the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),resulting in a worldwide decline in influenza ***,the influenza risk in China warrants cautious *** conducted a cross-sectional,seroepidemiological study in Shandong Province,Northern China in *** inhibition was performed to test antibodies against four influenza vaccine strains.A combination of descriptive and meta-analyses was adopted to compare the seroprevalence of influenza antibodies before and during the COVID-19 *** overall seroprevalence values against A/H1N1pdm09,A/H3N2,B/Victoria,and B/Yamagata were 17.8%(95%CI 16.2%–19.5%),23.5%(95%CI 21.7%–25.4%),7.6%(95%CI 6.6%–8.7%),and 15.0(95%CI 13.5%–16.5%),respectively,in the study *** overall vaccination rate was extremely low(2.6%).Our results revealed that antibody titers in vaccinated participants were significantly higher than those in unvaccinated individuals(P<0.001).Notably,the meta-analysis showed that antibodies against A/H1N1pdm09 and A/H3N2 were significantly low in adults after the COVID-19 pandemic(P<0.01).Increasing vaccination rates and maintaining NPIs are recommended to prevent an elevated influenza risk in China.

关键词： influenza virus seroprevalence antibody COVID-19 cross-sectional study

由O’Hagan案确立的成立内幕交易罪所必备之犯罪主观意图

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刑事法评论 2013年第1期32卷 292-306页

作者： Brian j.carr 林岚上海社会科学院

联邦最高法院关于United States v.O’Hagan一案所作判决已经被广泛认为是对关于内幕交易传统理论的背离,在此判决中一种新的责任理论作为传统理论的替代,也颇受质疑。这种新出现的理论被称为内幕交易的"盗用"理论,该理论认为,被禁止的... 详细信息

联邦最高法院关于United States v.O’Hagan一案所作判决已经被广泛认为是对关于内幕交易传统理论的背离,在此判决中一种新的责任理论作为传统理论的替代,也颇受质疑。这种新出现的理论被称为内幕交易的"盗用"理论,该理论认为,被禁止的是——从事证券交易的行为人由于对未公开的信息负有某种诚信义务,而却违背这种诚信义务,运用该信息进行交易。在O’Hagan一案中,一位律师知道Pillsbury即将被要约收购,于是利用他所知道的,涉及Pillsbury的相关兼并"内幕"消息进行Pillsbury股票交易,其消息来源于该律师所在事务所,发出收购要约的公司是该所客户,法庭认为该律师应获有罪判决。采纳盗用理论的情况下。

关键词：内幕交易罪 O’Hagan 诚信义务联邦最高法院交易人有罪判决巡回上诉法院控方行为违法

Aseismic smart building isolation systems under multi-level earthquake excitations： Part II, energy-dissipation and damage reduction

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2015年第3期9卷 297-306页

作者： Min-Ho CHEY j. Geoffrey CHASE john B. MANDER Athol j. carr School of Architecture & Civil Engineering Keimyung University Daegu 42601 Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch 8140 New Zealand Zachry Department of Civil Engineering Texas A&M University Texas 77843 USA Department of Civil & Natural Resources Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch 8140 New Zealand

Based on the performance results of the previously suggested smart building isolation systems （lst companion paper）, this following study verifies the control effects of the systems from the view point of energy dissipation and damage level metrics. Several different model cases of the strategically isolated multi-story building structures utilizing passive dampers and semi-active resettable devices are analyzed and the energy-based target indices are compared. Performance comparisons are conducted on statistically calculated story/structural hysteretic energy and story/structural damage demands over realistic suites of earthquake ground motion records, representing seismic excitations of specific return period probability. Again, the semi-active solutions show significant promise for applications ofresettable device, offering advantages over passive systems in the consistent damage reductions. The specific results of this study include the identification of differences in the mechanisms by which smart building isolation systems remove energy, based on the differences in the devices used. Less variability is also seen for the semi-active isolation systems, indicating an increased robustness.

关键词： smart building isolation story and structural energy-dissipation damage assessment

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制造量子黑洞

科学（中文版） 2005年第7期 32-39页

作者： Bernard j.carr Steven B.Giddings 王超武星伦敦大学玛丽皇后学院加州大学圣芭芭拉分校

从发明粒子加速器起近80年时间里,物理学家们已经用它们做了些很奇妙的工作,如分裂原子、改变元素、制造反物质以及制造以前从未在自然界中观测到的粒子.不过,幸运的话不久他们就可以迎接一项新的挑战,这将使以前的成果黯然失色.这些加... 详细信息

从发明粒子加速器起近80年时间里,物理学家们已经用它们做了些很奇妙的工作,如分裂原子、改变元素、制造反物质以及制造以前从未在自然界中观测到的粒子.不过,幸运的话不久他们就可以迎接一项新的挑战,这将使以前的成果黯然失色.这些加速器也许会制造出宇宙中最为神秘的物体:黑洞.

关键词：制造量子黑洞粒子加速器物理学家自然界反物质时间原子分裂物体

Non-coding regions of the Ebola virus genome contain indispensable phylogenetic and evolutionary information

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第7期58卷 682-686页

作者： jIANG XinQuan ZHANG Zhenjie ZHUANG DongMing carr Michael j. ZHANG RuiLing LV Qiang SHI WeiFeng School of Public Health Taishan Medical College Institute of Pathogen Biology Taishan Medical College National Virus Reference Laboratory University College Dublin

We compared the numbers of nucleotide substitutions occurring in the non-coding regions and coding regions of Ebola virus genomes and found that non-coding regions contain indispensable phylogenetic and evolutionary information. The omission of genetic data from non-coding regions can lead to unreliable phylogenies and inaccurate estimates of evolutionary parameters.

关键词： EBOV Ebola non-coding region phylogenetic analysis evolutionary information