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A Novel Ensemble Learning System for cyberattack classification

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Intelligent Automation & Soft computing 2023年第8期37卷 1691-1709页

作者： óscar Mogollón-gutiérrez Josécarlos Sancho Nunez Marávila Vegas andrés caro Lindo Department of computer and Telematic Systems Engineering Universidad de ExtremaduraSchool of TechnologyCáceres10005Spain

Nowadays,IT systems rely mainly on artificial intelligence(AI)algorithms to process *** is generally used to extract knowledge from stored information and,depending on the nature of data,it may be necessary to apply different AI *** this article,a novel perspective on the use of AI to ensure the cybersecurity through the study of network traffic is *** is done through the construction of a two-stage cyberattack classification ensemble model addressing class imbalance following a one-vs-rest(OvR)*** the growing trend of cyberattacks,it is essential to implement techniques that ensure legitimate access to *** address this issue,this work proposes a network traffic classification system for different categories based on several AI *** the first task,binary models are generated to clearly differentiate each type of traffic from the *** binary models generated,an ensemble model is developed in two phases,which allows the separation of legitimate and illegitimate traffic(phase 1)while also identifying the type of illegitimate traffic(phase 2).In this way,the proposed system allows a complete multiclass classification of network *** estimation of global performance is done using a modern dataset(UNSW-NB15),evaluated using two approaches and compared with other state-of-art *** proposal,based on the construction of a two-step model,reaches an F1 of 0.912 for the first level of binary classification and 0.7754 for the multiclass *** results show that the proposed system outperforms other state-of-the-art approaches(+0.75%and+3.54%for binary and multiclass classification,respectively)in terms of F1,as demon-strated through comparison together with other relevant classification metrics.

关键词： Intrusion detection ensemble learning two-phase model UNSW-NB15 cybersecurity

cataract blindness in Hungary

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第3期13卷 438-444页

作者： gábor L.Sándor gábor Tóth Dorottya Szabó Irén Szalai Regina Lukács Anita Pék georgina Z.Tóth andrás Papp Zoltán Z.Nagy Hans Limburg János Németh Department of Ophthalmology Semmelweis UniversityBudapest 1085Hungary Department of Ophthalmology Flór Ferenc HospitalKistarcsa 2143Hungary Department of Ophthalmology Petz Aladár HospitalGyor 9024Hungary Faculty of Health Sciences Semmelweis UniversityBudapest 1088Hungary Health Information Services Grootebroek 1613The Netherlands

AIM:To estimate the prevalence of blindness and visual impairment resulting from cataract in the population aged≥50 y in Hungary,and to assess the cataract surgical ***:A rapid assessment of avoidable blindness(RAAB)was conducted.A total of 3523 eligible people were randomly selected and *** participant underwent surgery for cataract was interviewed with regard to the year,place,and costs of the *** with obvious cataract were asked why they had not yet undergone surgery(barriers to surgery).RESULTS:An estimated 12514 people were bilaterally blind;the visual acuity(VA)in 19293 people wascataract surgeries were conducted in government *** age-and sexadjusted cataract surgical coverage with VAgood visual outcome after surgery was 79.5%.Ocular comorbidity was the main cause of poor outcome(78.1%),followed by late complications(such as posterior capsule opacification)(17.2%),inadequate optical correction(3.1%),and surgical complications(1.6%).The main barrier to surgery in people with bilateral cataract and VA ofcONcLUSION:The prevalence of visual impairment resulting from cataract is slightly higher than *** quality of the cataract surgical service seems adequate in ***,the number of cataract operations per year should continue to increase due to the increasing patient demands and the aging population.

关键词： cataract prevalence blindness visual impairment rapid assessment of avoidable blindness

Exhaled Breath Vapor of Humans Reflects the changes in Deuterium concentration in the Body Water

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Natural Science 2024年第11期16卷 233-240页

作者： gábor Somlyai andrás Papp Beáta Zs. Kovács Ildikó Somlyai HYD LLc for cancer Research and Drug Development Budapest Hungary Department of Public Health Albert Szent-Gyrgyi Medical School University of Szeged Szeged Hungary

The concentration of the heavy isotope of hydrogen, deuterium (D), is not routinely measured in (human) medical laboratory tests, even though an increasing number of papers prove the pivotal role of D in tumor growth, cell cycle regulation, cell metabolism, and aging. Data from a prospective phase 2 clinical study and numerous retrospective clinical studies proved the anticancer effect of deuterium depletion achieved by replacing the regular water intake with deuterium-depleted water (DDW). In previous studies, the changes in serum D concentration of DDW-consuming patients were followed using blood samples and mass spectrometry, which was invasive, costly, and time-consuming. As future clinical trials will also require a follow-up of internal D level and the patient’s compliance, a new sampling device and procedure was developed based on condensing the exhaled breath water vapor and measuring its D content using a liquid water isotope laser analyzer. Test results showed that the device provided accurate, reliable, and reproducible data. According to the data, the internal D level in a person consuming normal water was stable. In contrast, exclusive consumption of DDW for several days resulted in a gradual decrease of D concentration in exhaled breath condensate (EBc), which was proportional to the D concentration of DDW. These data confirm that orally applied DDW equilibrates with the person’s water pool quickly, leading to a reduced internal D level reflected in the D content of EBc.

关键词： Deuterium Deuterium-Depleted Water Exhaled Breath condensate Liquid-Water Isotope Analyzer Mass Spectrometry

Improving ecosystem services in farmlands:beginning of a long-term ecological study with restored flower-rich grasslands

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2022年第1期8卷 399-405页

作者： andrás Báldi Raoul Pellaton Áron Domonkos Bihaly Viktor Szigeti Eszter Lellei-Kovács andrás Máté Miklós Sárospataki Zoltán Soltész LászlóSomay AnikóKovács-Hostyánszki Lendület Ecosystem Services Research group Institute of Ecology and BotanyCentre for Ecological ResearchVácrátótHungary Department of Zoology and Ecology Institute of Wildlife Management and Nature ConservationHungarian University of Agriculture and Life SciencesGödöllőHungary Dorcadion Ltd KecskemétHungary

Biodiversity declines in an unprecedented way,mostly due to land use *** interventions proved to be one of the most effective tools to halt the decline,especially in ecosystems such as agricultural ***-based,locally adapted recommendations on grassland restoration,however,are often missing,so we present a novel approach for such interventions that can be implemented anywhere and that are based on scientific *** a recently started long-term field ecological study,we established 0.5 ha wildflower parcels,using a diverse local seed mixture of 32 insect-visited plant species in central European agricultural landscapes in *** focus is on the landscape-scale effects of this ecological intensification on ecosystem services such as crop yield,pollination and pest control,and the long-term monitoring of the successional *** aim is to showcase an effective restoration protocol that could serve as a model for future farm management,and provide much-needed evidence for policy on landscape ecological restoration of international relevance.

关键词： Ecological intensification field experiment protocol restoration wildflower strip

Application of light detection and ranging and ultrasonic sensors to high-throughput phenotyping and precision horticulture: current status and challenges

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Horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 480-490页

作者： andréF.colaço JoséP.Molin Joan R.Rosell-Polo Alexandre Escolà Biosystems Engineering Department “Luiz de Queiroz”College of AgricultureUniversity of São PauloAv.Pádua Dias11Piracicaba-SP13418-900Brazil Research group on AgroIcT and Precision Agriculture Department of Agricultural and Forest EngineeringSchool of Agrifood and Forestry Science and EngineeringUniversity of Lleida–Agrotecnio CenterAv.Rovira Roure19125198LleidaCataloniaSpain cSIRO Waite CampusLocked Bag 2Glen OsmondSA5064Australia

Ultrasonic and light detection and ranging(LiDAR)sensors have been some of the most deeply investigated sensing technologies within the scope of digital *** can accurately estimate geometrical and structural parameters of the tree canopies providing input information for high-throughput phenotyping and precision horticulture.A review was conducted in order to describe how these technologies evolved and identify the main investigated topics,applications,and key points for future investigations in horticulture *** research efforts have been focused on the development of data acquisition systems,data processing,and high-resolution 3D modeling to derive structural tree parameters such as canopy volume and leaf *** applications of such sensors for precision horticulture were restricted to real-time variable-rate solutions where ultrasonic or LiDAR sensors were tested to adjust plant protection product or fertilizer dose rates according to the tree volume *** studies exploring other applications in site-specific management are encouraged;some that integrates canopy sensing data with other sources of information collected at the within-grove scale(e.g.,digital elevation models,soil type maps,historical yield maps,etc.).Highly accurate 3D tree models derived from LiDAR scanning demonstrate their great potential for tree ***,the technology has not been widely adopted by researchers to evaluate the performance of new plant varieties or the outcomes from different management *** solutions for tree scanning of whole groves,orchards,and nurseries would promote such adoption and facilitate more applied research in plant phenotyping and precision horticulture.

关键词： culture LiDAR maps

Vibration Analysis and Fatigue Assessment of *** II:Mechanical Equipment

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Journal of civil Engineering and Architecture 2021年第10期15卷 504-510页

作者： Ana c.S.da Silva gabriel M.Sant’Anna Lucia H.g.cardoso andréV.castilho Joség.S.da Silva State University of Rio de Janeiro(UERJ) Rio de Janeiro/RJ 20550-900Brazil Structural Engineering Department(ESTR) State University of Rio de Janeiro(UERJ)Rio de Janeiro/RJ 20550-900Brazil

Floors subjected to mechanical equipment loads frequently present problems associated with excessive vibration which can cause human discomfort or even reduce the structure service *** this context,this work aims to develop an analysis methodology in order to assess the fatigue performance of steel-concrete composite floors,when subjected to vibrations induced by mechanical *** studied structural model corresponds to a steel-concrete composite floor spanning 10 m by 10 m,with a total area of 100 m^(2).The numerical model developed for the dynamic analysis adopted the usual mesh refinement techniques present in finite element method(FEM)simulations implemented in the ANSYS *** investigated floor dynamic response was calculated through the consideration of the dynamic loadings imposed by the mechanical equipment,simulated based on the use of harmonic forces applied on the concrete ***,the dynamic structural response was performed considering several scenarios for the positioning of the equipment,in order to verify the occurrence of excessive *** fatigue assessment is based on a linear cumulative damage rule through the use of the Rainflow-counting algorithm and S-N curves from traditional design *** results of this investigation indicated that the equipment position affects directly the floor dynamic structural response and also significantly influences the structure service life.

关键词： Steel-concrete composite floors mechanical equipment dynamic structural analysis fatigue assessment.

Field comparison of Soil Moisture Sensing Using Neutron Thermalization, Frequency Domain, Tensiometer, and granular Matrix Sensor Devices: Relevance to Precision Irrigation

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2016年第2期8卷 154-167页

作者： clinton c. Shock andré B. Pereira Erik B. g. Feibert cedric A. Shock Ali Ibrahim Akin Levent Abdullah Unlenen Malheur Experiment Station Oregon State University Ontario USA Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering State University of Ponta Grossa Ponta Grossa Brazil Oregon State University Malheur Experiment Station Ontario USA Oregon State University Malheur Experiment Station Ontario USA Ankara Nuclear Agriculture and Animal Research center Ankara Turkey general Directorate of Agricultural Researches Potato Research Institute Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Nigde Turkey

The efficient use of irrigation water requires several kinds of information. One element of efficient irrigation scheduling is monitoring the soil moisture to assure that the crop irrigation goals are being met. Various soil moisture sensing devices were tested for irrigation scheduling in silt loam at the Malheur Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon State University between 2001 and 2004. Neutron probes, frequency domain probes, tensiometers, granular matrix sensors, and Irrigas were compared as to their performance under field conditions at Ontario, Oregon, USA. granular matrix sensors were tested as read automatically by a datalogger and read manually with a hand-held meter. Practical suggestions are provided to use soil moisture sensors to the benefit of crop production and water conservation.

关键词： Soil Water Irrigation Scheduling Responsiveness Soil Moisture Sensor Porous ceramic

Turbulent Energy Budgets of a ground Vortex Flow

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2013年第5期3卷 311-324页

作者： Jorge M.M. Barata Pedro J.c.T. Santos andré R.R. Silva Diamantino F.g. Durāo Dept. of Aerospace Science University of Beira Interior Covilhgā 6200-001 Portugal Lusiada Institute for Research and Development Universidade Lusiada Lisbon 1349-001 Portugal

Turbulent kinetic energy budgets are presented for a highly curved flow generated by the collision of plane wall turbulent jet with a low-velocity boundary layer. The different terms are obtained in the vertical plane of symmetry by quadratic interpolation of the LDV （Laser Doppler Velocimetry） measurements, for a wall jet-to-boundary layer velocity ratio of 2. The results, which have relevance to flows encountered in powered-lift aircraft operating in ground effect, quantify the structure of the complex ground vortex flow. The analysis of turbulent energy equation terms using the measured data revealed that production by normal and shear stresses are both very important to the turbulent structure of the impact zone of the ground vortex. This is an indication that the modeling of turbulence of a ground vortex requires a good representation of the production by normal stresses which is most important in the collision zone.

关键词： V/STOL (vertical/short take-off and landing) ground vortex turbulence complex flows.

Extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease, nitroxidative stress and dysbiosis: What is the link between them?

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BIOcELL 2021年第3期45卷 461-481页

作者： AMYLLY SANUELLY DA PAZ MARTINS SAMARA BOMFIM gOMES cAMPOS MARÍLIA OLIVEIRA FONSEcA gOULART FABIANA andrÉA MOURA Programa de Pós-graduação da Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia(RENORBIO) Universidade Federal de Alagoas(UFAL)MaceióAL 57072-970Brazil Programa de Pós-graduação em ciências da Saúde(PPgcS) Universidade Federal de Alagoas(UFAL)MaceióAL 57072-970Brazil Programa de Pós-graduação em Química e Biotecnologia(PPgQB/UFAL) Campus A.C.SimõesAvenida Lourival Melo Motas/nTabuleiro dos MartinsMaceióAL 57072-970Brazil Programa de Pós-graduação em Nutrição(PPgNU/UFAL) Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas(PPGCM/UFAL)Universidade Federal de Alagoas(UFAL)MaceióAL 57072-970Brazil

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),which includes crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis,has a not yet completely defined aetiology and is characterized by a progressive chronic inflammation that involves nitroxidative stress and *** manifestations can occur and affect several organs,including the liver and bile ducts,joints,skin,eyes,and less frequently,the heart,brain,and kidneys,increasing the risk of morbidity and *** repercussions may be associated with the activity or severity of *** present review proposes to report and analyse the participation of dysbiosis and nitroxidative stress in the genesis of extraintestinal manifestations,aiming to contribute to a better understanding of the disease and to focus on the development of individualized preventive and therapeutic strategies.

关键词： Oxidative stress Microbiota Bacterial translocation Ulcerative colitis crohn disease