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Oral fluoroquinolones and the risk of Achilles tendon rupture

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 749-750页

作者： Peter Vibe Rasmussen Jarl Emanuel Strange anders Holt Department of Cardiology Herlev-Gentofte University HospitalCopenhagen 2730Denmark Department of Cardiology Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg University HospitalCopenhagen 2400Denmark Department of Cardiology Rigshospitalet University HospitalCopenhagen 2100Denmark

Dear editor,Fluoroquinolones(FQs)are a class of antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections,such as lower respiratory,gastrointestinal,and urinary tract *** to its broad-spectrum action and wide availability,it is ... 详细信息

关键词： prescribed spectrum action

Eco-evolutionary evidence for the global diversity pattern of Cycas(Cycadaceae)

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1170-1191页

作者： Jian Liu anders JLindstrom Yiqing gong Shanshan Dong Yusheng(Chris)Liu Shouzhou Zhang Xun gong CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant ResourcesKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China global Biodiversity Conservancy 144/124 Moo3Soi Bua ThongBangsalaeSattahipChonburi 20250Thailand Key Laboratory of Southern Subtropical Plant Diversity Fairy Lake Botanical GardenShenzhen&Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518004China Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Indiana University-IndianapolisIndianapolisIN 46202USA

The evolution of the latitudinal diversity gradient(LDg),characterized by a peak in diversity toward the tropics,has captured significant attention in evolutionary biology and ***,the inverse LDg(i-LDg)mechanism,wherein species richness increases toward the poles,remains inadequately *** are among one of the oldest lineages of extant seed plants and have undergone extensive diversification in the ***,the extant cycad abundance exhibits an i-LDg pattern,and the underlying causes for this phenomenon remain largely ***,using 1,843 nuclear genes from a nearly complete sampling,we conducted comprehensive phylogenomic analyses to establish a robust species-level phylogeny for Cycas,the largest genus within *** then reconstructed the spatial-temporal dynamics and integrated global environmental data to evaluate the roles of species ages,diversification rates,contemporary environment,and conservatism to ancestral niches in shaping the i-LDg *** found Cycas experienced decreased diversification rates,coupled with the cooling temperature since its origin in the Eocene from continental *** regions have distinctively contributed to the formation of i-LDg for Cycas,with the northern hemisphere acting as evolutionary museums and the southern hemisphere serving as ***,water-related climate variables,specifically precipitation seasonality and potential evapotranspiration,were identified as paramount factors constraining Cycas species richness in the rainforest biome near the ***,the adherence to ancestral monsoonal climates emerges as a critical factor in sustaining the diversity *** study underscores the imperative of integrating both evolutionary and ecological approaches to comprehensively unravel the mechanisms underpinning global biodiversity patterns.

关键词： cycads latitudinal diversity gradient niche conservatism spatiotemporal diversification species richness

Effects of early postnatal gastric and colonic microbiota transplantation on piglet gut health

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 645-658页

作者： Christina Larsen Simone Margaard Offersen anders Brunse Mattia Pirolo Soumya Kanti Kar Luca guadabassi Thomas Thymann Department of Veterinary and Animal Science University of CopenhagenDyrlagevej 681870 Frederiksberg CDenmark Animal Nutrition Wageningen Livestock ResearchWageningen University&Research1 De Elst6708 WageningenThe Netherlands

Background Diarrhea is a major cause of reduced growth and mortality in piglets during the suckling and weaning periods and poses a major threat to the global pig *** and gut dysbiosis may in part be prevented via improved early postnatal microbial colonization of the *** secure better postnatal gut colonization,we hypothesized that transplantation of colonic or gastric content from healthy donors to newborn recipients would prevent diarrhea in the recipients in the post-weaning *** objective was to examine the impact of transplanting colonic or gastric content on health and growth parameters and paraclinical parameters in recipient single-housed piglets exposed to a weaning transition and challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC).Methods Seventy-two 1-day-old piglets were randomized to four groups:colonic microbiota transplantation(CMT,n=18),colonic content filtrate transplantation(CcFT,n=18),gastric microbiota transplantation(gMT,n=18),or saline(CON,n=18).Inoculations were given on d 2 and 3 of life,and all piglets were milk-fed until weaning(d 20)and shortly after challenged with ETEC(d 24).We assessed growth,diarrhea prevalence,ETEC concentration,organ weight,blood parameters,small intestinal morphology and histology,gut mucosal function,and microbiota composition and *** Episodes of diarrhea were seen in all groups during both the milk-and the solid-feeding phase,possibly due to stress associated with single ***,CcFT showed lower diarrhea prevalence on d 27,28,and 29 compared to CON(all Pgher alpha diversity and a difference in beta diversity compared to CON(Pgrowth and other paraclinical endpoints were similar across *** In conclusion,only CcFT reduced ETEC-related post-weaning ***,the protective effect was marginal,suggesting that higher doses,more effective modalities of administration

关键词： Colonic content filtrate transplantation Colonic microbiota transplantation gastric microbiota transplantation gut microbiota Mucosa Neonatal Post-weaning diarrhea

genomic selection in plant breeding:Key factors shaping two decades of progress

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Molecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 552-578页

作者： Admas Alemu Johanna Astrand Osval A.Montesinos-López Julio Isidro y Sanchez Javier Fernandez-gónzalez Wuletaw Tadesse Ramesh R.Vetukuri anders S.Carlsson Alf Ceplitis JoséCrossa Rodomiro Ortiz Aakash Chawade Department of Plant Breeding Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden Lantmannen Lantbruk SvalövSweden Facultad de Telematica University de ColimaColimaColima 28040Mexico Centro de Biotecnología y genómica de Plantas(CBgP UPM-INIA)Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA)Campus de Montegancedo-UPM28223 MadridSpain International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas(ICARDA) RabatMorocco International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) Km 45Carretera México-VeracruzTexcocoMéxico 52640Mexico

genomic selection,the application of genomic prediction(gP)models to select candidate individuals,has significantly advanced in the past two decades,effectively accelerating genetic gains in plant *** article provides a holistic overview of key factors that have influenced gP in plant breeding during this *** delved into the pivotal roles of training population size and genetic diversity,and their relationship with the breeding population,in determining gP *** emphasis was placed on optimizing training population *** explored its benefits and the associated diminishing returns beyond an optimum *** was done while considering the balance between resource allocation and maximizing prediction accuracy through current optimization *** density and distribution of single-nucleotide polymorphisms,level of linkage disequilibrium,genetic complexity,trait heritability,statistical machine-learning methods,and non-additive effects are the other vital *** wheat,maize,and potato as examples,we summarize the effect of these factors on the accuracy of gP for various *** search for high accuracy in gP—theoretically reaching one when using the Pearson’s correlation as a metric—is an active research area as yet far from optimal for various *** hypothesize that with ultra-high sizes of genotypic and phenotypic datasets,effective training population optimization methods and support from other omics approaches(transcriptomics,metabolomics and proteomics)coupled with deep-learning algorithms could overcome the boundaries of current limitations to achieve the highest possible prediction accuracy,making genomic selection an effective tool in plant breeding.

关键词： genomic selection genetic gain genomic prediction optimization deep learning training population optimization

Influence of railway wheel tread damage on wheel-rail impact loads and the durability of wheelsets

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 20-35页

作者： Michele Maglio Tore Vernersson Jens C.O.Nielsen anders Ekberg Elena Kabo CHARMEC Department of Mechanical and Maritime SciencesChalmers University of TechnologySE‑41296 GothenburgSweden

Dynamic wheel-rail contact forces induced by a severe form of wheel tread damage have been measured by a wheel impact load detector during full-scale field tests at different vehicle *** on laser scanning,the measured three-dimensional damage geometry is employed in simulations of dynamic vehicle-track interaction to calibrate and verify a simulation *** relation between the magnitude of the impact load and various operational parameters,such as vehicle speed,lateral position of wheel-rail contact,track stiffness and position of impact within a sleeper bay,is *** calibrated model is later employed in simulations featuring other forms of tread damage;their effects on impact load and subsequent fatigue impact on bearings,wheel webs and subsurface initiated rolling contact fatigue of the wheel tread are *** results quantify the effects of wheel tread defects and are valuable in a shift towards condition-based maintenance of running gear,and for general assessment of the severity of different types of railway wheel tread damage.

关键词： Wheel tread damage Rolling contact fatigue cluster Field measurements Dynamic vehicle-track interaction Wheel-rail impact load Wheelset durability

Metabolic collaboration between cells in the tumor microenvironment has a negligible effect on tumor growth

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 107-114页

作者： Johan gustafsson Fariba Roshanzamir anders Hagnestål Sagar M.Patel Oseeyi I.Daudu Donald F.Becker Jonathan L.Robinson Jens Nielsen Department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296 GothenburgSweden Hagnesia AB SE-43854 HindåsSweden Department of Biochemistry and Redox Biology Center University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA BioInnovation Institute DK2200 CopenhagenDenmark

The tumor microenvironment is composed of a complex mixture of different cell types interacting under conditions of nutrient deprivation,but the metabolism therein is not fully understood due to difficulties in measuring metabolic fluxes and exchange of metabolites between different cell types in ***-scale metabolic modeling enables estimation of such exchange fluxes as well as an opportunity to gain insight into the metabolic behavior of individual cell ***,we estimated the availability of nutrients and oxygen within the tumor microenvironment using concentration measurements from blood together with a metabolite diffusion *** addition,we developed an approach to efficiently apply enzyme usage constraints in a comprehensive metabolic model of human *** combined modeling reproduced severe hypoxic conditions and the Warburg effect,and we found that limitations in enzymatic capacity contribute to cancer cells’preferential use of glutamine as a substrate to the citric acid ***,we investigated the common hypothesis that some stromal cells are exploited by cancer cells to produce metabolites useful for the cancer *** identified over 200 potential metabolites that could support collaboration between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts,but when limiting to metabolites previously identified to participate in such collaboration,no growth advantage was *** work highlights the importance of enzymatic capacity limitations for cell behaviors and exemplifies the utility of enzyme-constrained models for accurate prediction of metabolism in cells and tumor microenvironments.

关键词： metabolism effect limitations

大剂量阿托伐他汀与常规剂量辛伐他汀在心肌梗死二级预防中的比较——IDEAL研究：随机对照试验

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美国医学会杂志（中文版） 2006年第1期25卷 3-10页

作者： Terje R．Pedersen Ole Faergeman John J. P. Kastelein anders g．olsson Matti J. Tikkanen Ingar Holme Mogens Lytken Larsen Fridrik S. Bendiksen Christina Lindahl Michael Szarek John Tsai 王淑敏（译）仝其广（译）胡大一（校） Centre for Preventive Medicine Ulleval University Hospital Oslo Norway Department of MedicineCardiology A Arhus University Hospital Arhus Denmark Academic Hospital Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital Linkoping Sweden Department of Medicine Helsinki University Central Hospital Helsinki Finland Pfizer Sweden Taby Sweden Pfizer Inc New York NY Dr Bendiksen is in private practice in Hamar Norway. 不详

背景：证据显示，与临床常规降脂比较，对稳定性冠状动脉疾病患者施行强化降脂降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low—density lipoprotein cholesterol，LDL—C）可进一步获益。目的：比较2种降脂治疗策略对既往有心肌梗死（MyocardialInfarct... 详细信息

背景：证据显示，与临床常规降脂比较，对稳定性冠状动脉疾病患者施行强化降脂降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low—density lipoprotein cholesterol，LDL—C）可进一步获益。目的：比较2种降脂治疗策略对既往有心肌梗死（MyocardialInfarction，MI）病史患者心血管事件危险的影响。设计、地点及研究对象：IDEAL研究是一项前瞻性、随机、开放、盲法终点评价试验。试验于1999年3月至2005年3月在北欧190个心脏病急救单位和专家诊所进行，中位随访时间为4．8年。试验人选8888例有急性MI病史的患者，年龄≤80岁。干预：患者随机分配接受大剂量阿托伐他汀（80mg／d；n=4439）或常规剂量辛伐他汀（20mg／d；n=4449）治疗。主要终点：主要冠脉事件的发生定义为冠脉死亡、证实有非致命性急性MI或心脏骤停复苏。结果：治疗期间，辛伐他汀组平均LDL—C水平为104mg／dL（SE，0．3），阿托伐他汀组为81mg／dL（SE，0．3）。辛伐他汀组有463例（10．4％）患者发生了主要冠脉事件，阿托伐他汀组为411例（9．3％）（风险比[hazardratio，HR]，0．89；95％CI，0．78—1．01；P=0．07）。两组发生非致命性MI者分别为321例（7．2％）和267例（6．0％）（HR，0．83；95％CI，0．71—0．98；P=0．02）。但是另外两个一级终点组分的发生率两组末见显著差异。两组发生主要心血管事件者分别为608例和533例（HR，0．87；95％CI，0．77—0．98；P=0．02）。辛伐他汀组发生任何一种冠脉事件的患者有1059例，阿托伐他汀组898例（HR，0．84；95％CI，0．76—0．91；P〈0．001）。两组发生非心血管死亡者分别为156例（3．5％）和143例（3．2％）（HR，0．92；95％CI，0．73—1．15；P=0．47）。各种原因所致死亡：辛伐他汀组374例（8．4％），阿托伐他汀组366例（8．2％）（HR，0．98；95％CI，0．85—1．13；P=0．81）。阿托伐他汀组患者凶非严重性不良事件而停药的比例较高；因转氨酶升高分别导致43例（1．0％）和5例（0．1％）患者停药（P（0．001）。两组罕见严重肌病及横纹肌溶解。结论：研究表明，在既往有MI的患者，强化降低LDL—C并不能显著降低主要冠脉事件的一级终点，但是能降低其他复合二级终点及非致命性急性MI的危险。心血管死亡率或全因死亡率没有差异。强化降低LDL—C可使MI患者获益，而且不增加非心血管死亡率或其他严重不良反应。

关键词：随机对照试验阿托伐他汀辛伐他汀二级预防心肌梗死常规剂量大剂量低密度脂蛋白胆固醇心血管死亡率心血管事件