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Intraguild niche partitioning in granivorous birds from the late past

Avian Research 2023年第1期14卷 70-77页

作者： ana B.navarro Juliano A.Bogoni Marcelo Z.Moreira Luís f.Silveira Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sāo Paulo Secāo de AvesAvNazaré48104263-000São PauloSPBrazil Universidade de Sāo Paulo Escola Superior de Agricultura"Luiz de Queiroz"Departamento de Ciências FlorestaisLaboratório de EcologiaManejo e Conservacāo de Fauna Silvestre(LEMaC)Av.Pádua Dias 1113418-900PiracicabaSPBrazil Universidade de Sāo Paulo Centro de Energia Nuclear na AgriculturaLaboratório de Ecologia IsotópicaAv.Centenário 30313416-903PiracicabaSPBrazil

Niche partitioning is a widespread ecological strategy within trophic guilds,ensuring the coexistence of sympatric species by reducing interspecific *** isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen and isotopic niche metrics(width and overlap)are used as a proxy to investigate niche partitioning among species of a *** our study,we investigated if niche partitioning was an ecological mechanism contributing to the coexistence of granivorous birds from the same geographic region along time,employing an isotopic *** sampled and isotopically analyzed(δ^(13)C andδ^(15)N values)wing feathers from 58 specimens of granivorous birds collected between 1900 and 1966 in southeastern *** grouped birds according to the main habitat type used by them(forest:Cyanoloxia brissonii,Leptotila and Leptotila verreauxi;and grassland:Columbina squammata and Sicalis flaveola).We used the Isotopic Richness(IRic)metric to measure the isotopic niche width and the Isotopic Similarity(ISim)and Isotopic Nestedness(INes)metrics to measure the niche overlap between groups and *** results of low isotopic niche overlap suggest that common granivorous birds had a clear niche partitioning in southeastern Brazil in the late past,especially through foraging in distinct habitat types(forest and grassland;ISim=0.1,INes=0.2).Niche overlaps in almost all species-by-species comparisons were low(ISim≤0.3,INes≤0.4),except between *** and ***(ISim=0.6,INes=1.0).These results suggest that these birds,belonging to the same trophic guild,coexisted through niche and resource *** being considered a plastic trophic guild,the isotopic niche partitioning among granivorous birds indicates that each of these species uses a set of specific resources and *** raises an ecological concern about the homogenization of landscapes across the Neotropics,oversimplifying food resources and habitats to granivorous birds.

关键词： Atlantic forest Avian ecology Cerrado Community ecology Diet foraging ecology Habitat use Trophic relations

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Potential Alzheimer’s disease therapeutic nano-platform: Discovery of amyloid-beta plaque disaggregating agent and brain-targeted delivery system using porous silicon nanoparticles

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第6期24卷 497-506页

作者： Jaehoon Kim Hyeji Um na Hee Kim Dokyoung Kim Department of Biomedical Science Graduate SchoolKyung Hee UniversitySeoul02447Republic of Korea Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul02447Republic of Korea Department of anatomy and Neurobiology College of MedicineKyung Hee UniversitySeoul02447Republic of Korea Center for Converging Humanities Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul02447Republic of Korea KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul02447Republic of Korea UC San Diego Materials Research Science and Engineering Center 9500 Gilman Drive La JollaCA92093USA

There has been a lot of basic and clinical research on Alzheimer’s disease(AD)over the last 100 years,but its mechanisms and treatments have not been fully *** some controversies,the amyloid-beta hypothesis is one of the most widely accepted causes of *** this study,we disclose a new amyloid-beta plaque disaggregating agent and an AD brain-targeted delivery system using porous silicon nanoparticles(pSiNPs)as a therapeutic nano-platform to overcome *** hypothesized that the negatively charged sulfonic acid functional group could disaggregate plaques and construct a chemical *** a result of the in vitro assay of amyloid plaques and library screening,we confirmed that 6-amino-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid(ana)showed the highest efficacy for plaque disaggregation as a hit *** confirm the targeted delivery of ana to the AD brain,a nano-platform was created using porous silicon nanoparticles(pSiNPs)with ana loaded into the pore of pSiNPs and biotin-polyethylene glycol(PEG)surface *** resulting nano-formulation,named Biotin-CaCl2-ana-pSiNPs(BCAP),delivered a large amount of ana to the AD brain and ameliorated memory impairment of the AD mouse model through the disaggregation of amyloid plaques in the *** study presents a new bioactive small molecule for amyloid plaque disaggregation and its promising therapeutic nano-platform for AD brain-targeted delivery.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Plaques disaggregation nanotherapeutics Brain-targeted drug delivery Porous silicon nanoparticles

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Concordance of non-invasive mechanical and serum tests for liver fibrosis evaluation in chronic hepatitis C

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第8期9卷 436-442页

作者： Denise C Paranaguá-Vezozzo Adriana Andrade Daniel f C Mazo Vinicius Nunes ana L Guedes Taisa G Ragazzo Renata Moutinho Lucas S nacif Suzane K ono Venancio A f Alves flair J Carrilho Division of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hospital das ClínicasDepartment of GastroenterologyUniversity of Sao Paulo School of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology School of Medical SciencesState University of Campinas Department of Pathology University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine

AIM To determine the sensitivity and specificity of liver stiffness measurement(LSM) and serum markers(SM) for liver fibrosis evaluation in chronic hepatitis *** Between 2012 and 2014,81 consecutive hepatitis C virus(HCV) patients had METAVIR score from liver biopsy compared with concurrent results from LSM [transient elastography(TE) [fibroS can~/ARfI technology(Virtual Touch~)] and SM [fIB-4/aspartate aminotransferase-toplatelet ratio index(APRI)].The diagnostic performance of these tests was assessed using receiver operating characteristic *** optimal cut-off levels of each test were chosen to define fibrosis stages f ≥ 2,f ≥ 3 and f = *** Kappa index set the concordance *** fifty point six percent were female and the median age was 51 years(30-78).fifty-six patients(70%) weretreatment-na?*** optimal cut-off values for predicting f ≥ 2 stage fibrosis assessed by TE were 6.6 kP a,for acoustic radiation force impulse(ARfI) 1.22 m/s,for APRI 0.75 and for fIB-4 *** f ≥ 3 TE was 8.9 kP a,ARfI was 1.48 m/s,APRI was 0.75,and fIB-4 was *** f = 4,TE was 12.2 kP a,ARfI was 1.77 m/s,APRI was 1.46,and fIB-4 was *** APRI could not distinguish between f2 and f3,P = *** negative predictive value for f = 4 for TE and ARfI was 100%.Kappa index values for f ≥ 3 METAVIR score for TE,ARfI and fIB-4 were 0.687,0.606 and 0.654,*** demonstrates strong concordance between all three screening methods,and moderate to strong concordance between them and APRI(Kappa index = 0.507).CoNCLUSIoN Given the costs and accessibility of LSM methods,and the similarity with the outcomes of SM,we suggest that fIB-4 as well as TE and ARfI may be useful indicators of the degree of liver *** is of particular importance to developing countries.

关键词： Elastography Serum markers Hepatitis C virus Liver stiffness Liver biopsy

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Polymorphisms and resistance mutations of hepatitis C virus on sequences in the European hepatitis C virus database

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第40期22卷 8910-8917页

作者： Dimas Alexandre Kliemann Cristiane Valle Tovo ana Beatriz Gorini da Veiga Angelo Alves de Mattos Charles Wood Graduate Program in Medicine: Hepatology-Universidade federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre Porto Alegre RS 90050-170 Brazil Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceicāo Portto Alegre RS 90050-170 Brazil Department of Basic Health Sciences Laboratory of Molecular Biology Graduate Program in Pathology-Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre RS 90050-170 Brazil School of Biological Sciences Nebraska Center for Virology University of Nebraska Lincoln NE 68511 United States

AIM To evaluate the occurrence of resistant mutations in treatment-na?ve hepatitis C virus(HCV) sequences deposited in the European hepatitis C virus database(euH CVdb). METHoDS The sequences were downloaded from the eu HCVdb(https://***/eu HCVdb/). The search was performed for full-length NS3 protease, NS5 A and NS5 B polymerase sequences of HCV, separated by genotypes 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b and 3a, and resulted in 798 NS3, 708 NS5 A and 535 NS5 B sequences from HCV genotypes1a, 1b, 2a, 2b and 3a, after the exclusion of sequences containing errors and/or gaps or incomplete sequences, and sequences from patients previously treated with direct antiviral agents(DAA). The sequence alignment was performed with MEGA 6.06 MAC and the resulting protein sequences were then analyzed using the BioE dit 7.2.5. for mutations associated with resistance. only positions that have been described as being associated with failure in treatment in in vivo studies, and/or as conferring a more than 2-fold change in replication in comparison to the wildtype reference strain in in vitro phenotypic assays were included in the *** The Q80 K variant in the NS3 gene was the most prevalent mutation, being found in 44.66% of subtype 1a and 0.25% of subtype 1b. other frequent mutations observed in more than 2% of the NS3 sequences were: I170V(3.21%) in genotype 1a, and Y56f(15.93%), V132I(23.28%) and I170V(65.20%) in genotype 1b. for the NS5 A, 2.21% of the genotype 1a sequences have the P58 S mutation, 5.95% of genotype 1b sequences have the R30 Q mutation, 15.79% of subtypes 2a sequences have the Q30 R mutation, 23.08% of subtype 2b sequences have a L31 M mutation, and in subtype 3a sequences, 23.08% have the M31 L resistant variants. for the NS5 B, the V321 L RAV was identified in 0.60% of genotype 1a and in 0.32% of genotype 1b sequences, and the N142 T variant was observed in 0.32% of subtype 1b sequences. The C316 Y, S556 G, D559 N RAV were identified in 0.33%, 7.82% and 0.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus resistance Quasispecies Direct antiviral agents Polymorphisms Drug resistance

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Salinity Effects on Development and Productivity of Crambe (<i>Crambe abyssinica</i>) under Greenhouse Conditions

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第7期6卷 839-847页

作者： ana carol.na f. de Vasconcelos Lúcia Helena G. Chaves felipe G. Souza Hans R. Gheyi Josely D. fernandes federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil State University of Paraíba Lagoa Seca Brazil

Salinity in soil or water in arid and semi arid regions can severely limit crop production, since the high amount of naCl contributes to specific ion effects of Cl-, na+ or both, and to antagonistic effects on nutrient elements. Affected by salt stress, most of the cultivated plants do not fully express their growth potential, which lowers their economic value. Crambe (Crambe abyssinica) is an oil plant of the cruciferous family and it is believed that crambe has great potential to figure as raw material for biofuel;however, literature is not abundant about the effects of salinity in crambe production. This work was carried out in order to evaluate the effects on the development and productivity of crambe irrigated with saline waters under greenhouse conditions. Treatments resulted from the combination of two factors: salinity of irrigation water (ECw) in five levels (1.03-control, 2.5, 4.0, 5.5, and 7.0 dS·m-1) and two types of salts (naCl and naCl + CaCl2) with three replications, totaling 30 experimental plots. At the end of the experimental period, soil samples from each plot were collected for chemical and salinity of soil saturation extract analyzes. Salt types did not affect plant parameters. However, the salinity levels presented significant effects on the all plant parameters, decreasing their values with the increase of the salt dose. Salinity levels of the solutions used for irrigation in this study affected the growth of plants and grain yield of crambe. Regarding the type of salts, a higher concentration of na was observed for naCl solutions at 2.5, 4.0 and 5.5 dS·m-1 salinity levels.

关键词： Crambe oil Seed Salinity Tolerance

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运用线粒体CoⅠ基因分析8种石珊瑚系统发育关系

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渔业科学进展 2012年第4期33卷 83-88页

作者：李晓娜刘丽刘楚吾广东海洋大学水产学院南海水产经济动物增养殖广东省普通高校重点实验室湛江524025

通过CoⅠ基因特异扩增测序,对徐闻地区的8种石珊瑚CoⅠ基因片段序列进行了比较分析。结果表明,该片段的平均G+C含量为41.60%。其中,第1密码子位点的含量最高(42.26%～44.05%,平均为43.45%);转换和颠换多发生在第3密码子位点,比例高达70.... 详细信息

通过CoⅠ基因特异扩增测序,对徐闻地区的8种石珊瑚CoⅠ基因片段序列进行了比较分析。结果表明,该片段的平均G+C含量为41.60%。其中,第1密码子位点的含量最高(42.26%～44.05%,平均为43.45%);转换和颠换多发生在第3密码子位点,比例高达70.30%和72.70%。采用临位连接(NJ)、最小进化(ME)和最大似然(ML)法对本研究中徐闻的8种及引自GenBank的20种石珊瑚CoⅠ基因片段构建了系统发育树。结果显示,分子系统分类与传统分类略有差异,暗示珊瑚表型可塑性可能对传统分类存在影响。

关键词：石珊瑚线粒体CoⅠ 分子系统分类

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Selected Major Elements Content in Igneous Rocks of Paraguay by Neutron and X-ray Irradiation

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Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2013年第6期3卷 411-415页

作者： Mariano. Bordas Juan f. facetti-Masulli Comision de Energia Atomica Universidad Nacional de Asuncion Campus Universitario Charles de Gaulle 980

Plutonic and volcanic rocks were analyzed by InaA （Instrumental Neutron Activation analysis） ana XRf （X-ray flurescence） in their major components for its classification. The samples proceed from the sites/regions corresponding to the Precambrian to Paleozoic/Postpaleozoic magmatism in the eastern and western Paraguay. The analysed elements were Si, A1, na and K and thus the Sio2, AI/o3, na2o and K2o content determined. The activation were performed in an annular 25Ci Am-Be neutron source with total flux of 5×10^7n.s^-1. The reactions used were （1） ^28Si （n, p） ^27A1, （2） ^27A1 （n, p） ^27Mg; （3） ^23na （n, γ） ^24na, the fourth element of interest, potassium, was analysed by XRf. The procedure overall uncertainties were checked as per the analysis of three compositae samples of Sio2：＋ A12o3 ＋ naHCo3 ＋ K2Co3 prepared as standards in convenient proportions. The determination of these parameters according to the last recommendations of the IUGS （International Union of Geosciences）, permits the classification of the rocks in the categories acid, intermediate, basic and ultrabasie, as well as the identification of the rock family and in certain cases, the norm and their magmatic provenance.

关键词： Magmatism in Paraguay activation with Am-Be source XRf in rocks rock classification IUGS recommendations.

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Effectiveness and safety of first-generation protease inhibitors in clinical practice:Hepatitis C virus patients with advanced fibrosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第30期21卷 9163-9174页

作者： Javier Salmeron Carmen Vinaixa Ruben Berenguer Juan Manuel Pascasio Juan Jose Sanchez Ruano Miguel angel Serra ana Gila Moises Diago Manuel Romero-Gomez Jose Maria navarro Milagros Testillano Conrado fernandez Dolores Espinosa Isabel Carmona Jose Antonio Pons francisco Jorquera francisco Javier Rodriguez Ramon Perez Jose Luis Montero Rafael Granados Miguel fernandez ana Belen Martin Paloma Munoz de Rueda Rosa Quiles CIBERehd Instituto de Salud Carlos Ⅲ28029 MadridSpain Unit for Clinical Management of Digestive Diseases Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Granada University Hospital Politecnico La fe Unit for Clinical Management of Digestive Diseases University Hospital Virgen Del Rocio Hospital Toledo University Clinic Hospital of Valencia University General Hospital of Valencia Unit for Clinical Management of Digestive Diseases University Hospital Nuestra Senora de Valme Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Agencia Sanitaria Costa del Sol University Hospital Cruces Gastroenterology Unit University Hospital Fundacion Alcorcon University Hospital Virgen Macarena University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca Hospital of Leon University General Hospital Reina Sofia Department Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital Central de Asturias University Hospital Reina Sofia University Hospital De Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin Hospital San Pedro de Alcantara

AIM:To evaluates the effectiveness and safety of the first generation,NS3/4A protease inhibitors(PIs) in clinical practice against chronic C virus,especially in patients with advanced fibrosis. METHoDS:Prospective study and non-experimental analysis of a multicentre cohort of 38 Spanish hospitals that includes patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 1,treatment-na?ve(TN) or treatment-experienced(TE),who underwent triple therapy with the first generation NS3/4A protease inhibitors,boceprevir(BoC) and telaprevir(TVR),in combination with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. The patients were treatment in routine practice settings. Data on the study population and on adverse clinical and virologic effects were compiled during the treatment period and during follow ***:one thousand and fifty seven patients were included,405(38%) were treated with BoC and 652(62%) with TVR. of this total,30%(n = 319) were TN and the remaining were TE:28%(n = 298) relapsers,12%(n = 123) partial responders(PR),25%(n = 260) null-responders(NR) and for 5%(n = 57) with prior response unknown. The rate of sustained virologic response(SVR) by intention-to-treatment(ITT) was greater in those treated with TVR(65%) than in those treated with BoC(52%)(P odified intention-to-treatment(m ITT) no were found significant differences. By degree of fibrosis,56% of patients were f4 and the highest SVR rates were recorded in the non-f4 patients,both TN and TE. In the analysis by groups,the TN patients treated with TVR by ITT showed a higher SVR(P = 0.005). However,by m ITT there were no significant differences between BoC and TVR. In the multivariate analysis by m ITT,the significant SVR factors were relapsers,IL28 B CC and non-f4; the type of treatment(BoC or TVR) was not significant. The lowest SVR values were presented by the f4-NR patients,treated with BoC(46%) or with TVR(45%). 28% of the patients interrupted the treatment,mainly by non-viral response(51%):this outcome was

关键词： Hepatitis C Boceprevir Telaprevir first-generation protease inhibitors Advanced fibrosis

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股权投资背景下券商独立性研究——基于证券分析师研究报告的视角

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财经科学 2014年第1期 28-37页

作者：胡娜周铭山郭寿良张元伟西南财经大学会计学院西南财经大学金融学院西南财经大学党委办公室

本文以2004-2012年具有券商股权投资背景的IPo企业为研究对象,通过考察不同背景分析师在锁定期前后"乐观"倾向及预测准确性差异,探讨股权投资背景下券商潜在利益输送问题。研究发现:有股权投资的券商分析师对目标公司的股票评级比其他... 详细信息

本文以2004-2012年具有券商股权投资背景的IPo企业为研究对象,通过考察不同背景分析师在锁定期前后"乐观"倾向及预测准确性差异,探讨股权投资背景下券商潜在利益输送问题。研究发现:有股权投资的券商分析师对目标公司的股票评级比其他分析师表现出额外"乐观倾向";券商分析师的"乐观倾向"抵消了其信息优势,并使得其盈利预测准确性劣于其他独立分析师;在股票锁定期解除以后,股权投资分析师的"激励非中性"导致其盈利预测误差进一步扩大。

关键词：股权投资激励中性券商独立性

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三维荧光光谱结合GA-SVM对多环芳烃的分类鉴别

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光谱学与光谱分析 2020年第4期40卷 1149-1155页

作者：王书涛刘娜程琪车先阁李明珊崔凯王玉田燕山大学河北省测试计量技术与仪器重点实验室河北秦皇岛066004

多环芳烃(PAHs)作为一种芳香族化合物,普遍存在于人们的生产生活中,它具有强烈的致癌性,威胁着人们的生命和健康。所以,对多环芳烃实施简洁、高效、精确的检测方法很有必要。根据常见的多环芳烃类型,选取多环芳烃萘(naP)、芴(fLU)、苊(A... 详细信息

多环芳烃(PAHs)作为一种芳香族化合物,普遍存在于人们的生产生活中,它具有强烈的致癌性,威胁着人们的生命和健康。所以,对多环芳烃实施简洁、高效、精确的检测方法很有必要。根据常见的多环芳烃类型,选取多环芳烃萘(naP)、芴(fLU)、苊(ana)的固体粉末状物质作为实验样本。取naP, fLU和ana粉末各1 g溶于少量的甲醇(光谱级)溶液,然后转移到100 mL的去离子水溶液中,配置PAHs标准溶液。采用fS920荧光光谱仪,实验中为避免荧光光谱仪本身产生的瑞利散射影响,设置起始的发射波长滞后激发波长10 nm。以标准溶液为基准,获取ana, naP和fLU单质的水溶液的荧光光谱图。在标准溶液的基础上,配置0.1 mg·mL^-1的单质水溶液,然后将ana与naP, fLU分别取不同的体积相互混合形成两种混合溶液,各自形成16种不同浓度比例的混合溶液,再取不同体积的三种溶液相互混合,摇匀震荡,最后一共形成48种不同体积比例的混合溶液。最后将实验数据输入Matlab中得到苊萘、苊芴、苊芴萘混合溶液的荧光光谱,发现混合溶液的激发波长在260~320 nm、发射波长300~380 nm波长范围内,最佳发射波长的位置相似,荧光峰对应的激发波长有大部分重叠。针对荧光光谱不能直接辨别混合物的种类的不足,将基于遗传算法(GA)优化的支持向量机(SVM)应用于多环芳烃混合物种类的检测中,将数据随机打乱,并且将遗传算法的终止进化代数设为200、训练数据和预测数据分别为36个和12个,得到训练结果的准确率为95.42%。将实验结果对比分析普通支持向量机和BP神经网络,结果表明,基于遗传算法优化的支持向量机分类误差较小,能比较准确的分辨混合物的种类。

关键词：三维荧光光谱遗传算法支持向量机多环芳烃

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