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Two new hyperspectral indices for comparing vegetation chlorophyll content

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2014年第1期17卷 17-25页

作者： amy E.FRAZIER Le WANG Jin CHEN Department of Geography University at Buffalo-The State University of New YorkBuffaloNYUSA College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal UniversityBeijingChina State Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina Department of Geography Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA

The red edge region of a hyperspectral vegetation reflectance curve provides important information regarding the biochemical and biophysical parameters of plants such as stress,senescence,and chlorophyll ***,shifts of the red edge position(REP)to longer or shorter wavelengths have also been correlated with other factors such as water content,nitrogen,and *** other factors can confuse the effect of chlorophyll on *** objective of this study is to define two new hyperspectral curve indices,the red valley width(RVW)and the chlorophyll absorption region(CAR)that are designed to provide less-sensitive characterizations of the chlorophyll content of vegetation in order to allow better comparisons among spatially or temporally distant populations of *** RVW and the CAR are both located in the visible near-infrared portion of the light spectrum and are derived from multiple hyperspectral curve features that have been found to be correlated with chlorophyll content,thus making them less sensitive to other biophysical and biochemical factors that can affect the REP *** robustness of the two new features is tested using the Leaf Optical Properties Experiment database,and the findings are used to compare two populations of saltcedar(Tamarix spp.)from a native habitat in China and an invasive habitat in the *** is a highly invasive plant species in the USA but does not pose the same ecological and economic threats in its native habitat throughout *** findings are interpreted in the context of the environmental characteristics of each region.

关键词： remote sensing spectral comparison non-native exotic species

The dark side of technological advances in analysis of microbial ecosystems

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第3期10卷 579-589页

作者： Mick Bailey amy Thomas Ore Francis Christopher Stokes Hauke Smidt Bristol Veterinary School University of BristolLangford HouseLangfordBristol BS40 5DUUK Laboratory of Microbiology Wageningen University&ResearchNL-6708 WageningenWENetherlands

Recent technological advances mean that samples from animal experiments may be analysed more cheaply,more easily and with a much greater return of data than *** groups are frequently faced with a choice of continuing to use established technology in which they may have made a significant investment of time and resources,and have significant amounts of reference data,or switching to new technology where reference data may be *** from cost,the choice needs to be based on a comparison between the increase in data available from future experiments by switching and the value of comparison with reference data from historical experiments analysed with earlier *** approach to this problem is to ensure that sufficient quantity and variety of samples are taken from each experiment and appropriately stored to allow re-establishment of a sufficiently large reference set and to avoid the need to repeat animal *** establishment of ‘biobanks' of experimental material will require funding for infrastructure,consistent storage of metadata and,importantly,horizon-scanning to ensure that samples are taken appropriately for techniques which will become accessible in *** biobanks are a recognised resource in human medicine,where the value of samples increases as more analysis is carried out and added to the metadata.

关键词： Biobanking Experimental design Horizon-scanning Microbiome Replacement Reduction Refinement Technological advances

Active bleb formation is abated in Lytechinus variegatus red spherule coelomocytes after disruption of acto-myosin contractility

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Integrative Zoology 2008年第2期3卷 115-122页

作者： Lisanne D’ANDREA-WINSLOW amy K.NOVITSKI Department of Biology Northwestern CollegeSt.PaulMinnesotaUSA

Red spherule coelomocytes are immune cells in the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus that have been characterizedas motile O2 transport cells. Video microscopy of living red spherule coelomocytes reveals a constitutive, dynamicarray of cellular morphologies and movements. Cells continuously send out and retract membrane blebs all over thecell surface as part of their normal cellular physiology. Disruption of microtubules by perfusion with either nocodazoleor taxol had no effect on bleb formation or motility. Perfusion with cytochalasin B abated bleb formation andrevealed cells that exhibited multiple small spheres attached by short membrane extensions. Attenuation of blebbingand intracellular organelle motility were restored by washing out with cytochalasin B. Treatment with phalloidinalso abated bleb formation and revealed a smooth, spherical cellular morphology. The effects of phalloidin werecompletely reversible after washout. Red spherule coelomocytes treated with blebbistatin rounded up with anirreversible retraction of blebs into surface blebs that were greatly reduced in size, number and motility. Normal cellsurface bleb formation and intracellular organelle motility were not restored after washout of the drug. These resultsindicate that the acto-myosin contractile mechanism contributes to the dynamics of constitutive cell surface membraneblebbing in invertebrate immune cells.

关键词： sea urchin invertebrate immunology coelomocyte cell motility cell movement microfilament dynamics

Juxtacrine interaction of macrophages and bone marrow stromal cells induce interleukin-6 signals and promote cell migration

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Bone Research 2015年第2期3卷 100-111页

作者： Jia Chang amy J Koh Hernan Roca Laurie K McCauley Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine University of Michigan School of Dentistry Department of Periodontology University of Florida College of Dentistry Department of Pathology University of Michigan Medical School

The bone marrow contains a heterogeneous milieu of cells, including macrophages, which are key cellular mediators for resolving infection and inflammation. Macrophages are most well known for their ability to phagocytose foreign bodies or apoptotic cells to maintain homeostasis; however, little is known about their function in the bone microenvironment. In the current study, we investigated the in vitro interaction of murine macrophages and bone marrow stromal cells （BMSCs）, with focus on the juxtacrine induction of IL-6 signaling and the resultant effect on BMSC migration and growth. The juxtacrine interaction of primary mouse macrophages and BMSCs activated IL-6 signaling in the co-cultures, which subsequently enhanced BMSC migration and increased BMSC numbers. BMSCs and macrophages harvested from IL-6 knockout mice revealed that IL-6 signaling was essential for enhancement of BMSC migration and increased BMSC numbers via juxtacrine interactions. BMSCs were the main contributor of IL-6 signaling~ and hence activation of the IL-6/ gp130/STAT3 pathway. Meanwhile, macrophage derived IL-6 remained important for the overall production of IL-6 protein in the co-cultures. Taken together, these findings show the function of macmphages as co-inducers of migration and growth of BMSCs, which could directly influence bone formation and turnover.

关键词： BMSCs IL bone STAT cell

Stable oligonucleotide-functionalized gold nanosensors for environmental biocontaminant monitoring

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第12期29卷 49-59页

作者： Maria V.Riquelme Weinan Leng Marcos Carzolio amy Pruden Peter Vikesland Via Department of Ciuil ancl Environmental Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061United States Department of Statistics Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061United States

The global propagation of environmental biocontaminants such as antibiotic resistant pathogens and their antibiotic resistance genes（ARGs） is a public health concern that highlights the need for improved monitoring strategies. Here, we demonstrate the environmental stability and applicability of an oligonucleotide-functionalized gold nanosensor. The mec A ARG was targeted as model biocontaminant due to its presence in clinically-relevant pathogens and to its emergence as an environmental *** A-specific nanosensors were tested for antibiotic resistance gene（ARG） detection in ARG-spiked effluent from four wastewater treatment plants（WWTPs）. The mec A-specific nanosensors showed stability in environmental conditions and in high ionic strength（[MgCl_2] 〈 50 m M）, and high selectivity against mismatched targets. Spectrophotometric detection was reproducible with an LOD of 70 pM（≈ 4 × 10~7 genes/μL）, even in the presence of interferences associated with non-target genomic DNA and complex WWTP effluent. This contribution supports the environmental applicability of a new line of cost-effective, field-deployable tools needed for wide-scale biocontaminant monitoring.

关键词： Stable oligonucleotide-functionalized gold nanosensors for environmental biocontaminant monitoring LOD DNA

Twisted fiber microfluidics:a cutting-edge approach to 3D spiral devices

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 193-202页

作者： Shunsuke Kato Daniel W.Carlson amy Q.Shen Yuanyuan Guo Department of Electrical Information and Physics EngineeringSchool of EngineeringTohoku UniversityAoba-kuSendai 980-8579 MiyagiJapan Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and TechnologyOnnaKunigami-gun 904-0495 OkinawaJapan Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences(FRIS) Tohoku UniversityAoba-kuSendai 980-0845 MiyagiJapan Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku UniversityAoba-kuSendai 980-8579 MiyagiJapan Department of Physiology Graduate School of MedicineTohoku UniversityAoba-kuSendai 980-8575 MiyagiJapan

The development of 3D spiral microfluidics has opened new avenues for leveraging inertial focusing to analyze small fluid volumes,thereby advancing research across chemical,physical,and biological *** traditional straight microchannels rely solely on inertial lift forces,the novel spiral geometry generates Dean drag forces,eliminating the necessity for external fields in fluid ***,fabricating 3D spiral microfluidics remains a labor-intensive and costly endeavor,hindering its widespread ***,conventional lithographic methods primarily yield 2D planar devices,thereby limiting the selection of materials and geometrical *** address these challenges,this work introduces a streamlined fabrication method for 3D spiral microfluidic devices,employing rotational force within a miniaturized thermal drawing process,termed as *** innovation allows for rapid prototyping of twisted fiber-based microfluidics featuring versatility in material selection and heightened geometric *** validate the performance of these devices,we combined computational modeling with microtomographic particle image velocimetry(uTPiM)to comprehensively characterize the 3D flow *** results corroborate the presence of a steady secondary flow,underscoring the effectiveness of our *** 3D spiral microfluidics platform paves the way for exploring intricate microflow dynamics,with promising applications in areas such as drug delivery,diagnostics,and lab-on-a-chip systems.

关键词： thereby straight twisted

Understanding the biology of HER3 receptor as a therapeutic target in human cancer

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2018年第4期8卷 503-510页

作者： Hui Lyu amy Han Erik Polsdofer Shuang Liu Bolin Liu Department of Pathology School of MedicineUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus

HER3 belongs to the human epidermal growth factor receptor(HER) family which also includes HER1/EGFR/erb B1,HER2/erb B2,and HER4/erb B4. As a unique member of the HER family,HER3 lacks or has little intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity. It frequently co-expresses and forms heterodimers with other receptor tyrosine kinases(RTKs) in cancer cells to activate oncogenic signaling,especially the PI-3 K/Akt pathway and Src kinase. Elevated expression of HER3 has been observed in a wide variety of human cancers and associates with a worse survival in cancer patients with solid *** on the underlying mechanism implicate HER3 expression as a major cause of treatment failure in cancer therapy. Activation of HER3 signaling has also been shown to promote cancer metastasis. These data strongly support the notion that therapeutic inactivation of HER3 and/or its downstream signaling is required to overcome treatment resistance and improve the outcomes of cancer patients.

关键词： HER3 Dimerization Cell signaling Therapeutic resistance Tumor metastasis Targeted therapy

Factors of heavy social media use among 13-year-old adolescents on weekdays and weekends

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第4期19卷 378-389页

作者： Yue-Yue You Junwen Yang-Huang Hein Raat amy van Grieken The Generation R Study Group Erasmus Medical CenterDr.Molewaterplein 403015 GDRotterdamthe Netherlands Department of Public Health Erasmus Medical CenterDr.Molewaterplein 403015 GDRotterdamthe Netherlands

Background Few studies have investigated which factors were related to adolescents'social media *** study aimed to evaluate which factors were associated with heavy social media use on weekdays and weekends among 13-year-old *** We analyzed data from 3727 children from the Generation R Study,a population-based cohort study in the *** of demographic factors(child age,sex,ethnic background,and family situation),socioeconomic posi-tion(parental educational level,parental employment status,and net household income),screen-based behaviors(computer playing and TV viewing),and the home environment(communication,supervision,and restriction)with adolescents'heavy social media use(≥2 hours/day)were assessed separately on weekdays and *** logistic regression analysis was *** The prevalence of heavy social media use was 37.7%on a weekday and 59.6%on a weekend *** a girl,liv-ing in a one-parent family,and more time spent playing on the computer were associated with heavy social media use on weekdays and weekends(all P<0.05).Low socioeconomic position adolescents(low parental educational level and low household income)were more likely to show heavy social media use only on weekends(all P<0.05).Children whose social media use was restricted by parents on weekdays or children whose social media use was supervised by parents on weekends had lower odds of heavy social media use(all P<0.05).Conclusions Being a girl,living in a one-parent family,or having a longer computer playing time were associated with heavy social media use on weekdays and *** studies are needed to understand the factors associated with heavy social media use and the impact of heavy social media use on child health.

关键词： School-aged children Screen-based behaviors Social-cultural home environment Social media use Socioeconomic position

CLUSTERING PATENTS USING NON-EXHAUSTIVE OVERLAPS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2010年第2期19卷 162-181页

作者： Charles V. TRAPPEY amy J.C. TRAPPEY Chun-Yi WU Department of Management Science National Chiao Tung University Taiwan China Department of Industrial Engineering & Management National Taipei University of Technology Taiwan China Department of lndustrial Engineering & Engineering Management National Tsing Hua University Taiwan China

Patent documents are unique external sources of information that reveal the core technology underlying new inventions. Patents also serve as a strategic data source that can be mined to discover state-of-the-art technical development and subsequently help guide R＆D investments. This research incorporates an ontology schema to extract and represent patent concepts. A clustering algorithm with non-exhaustive overlaps is proposed to overcome deficiencies with exhaustive clustering methods used in patent mining and technology discovery. The non-exhaustive clustering approach allows for the clustering of patent documents with overlapping technical findings and claims, a feature that enables the grouping of patents that define related key innovations. Legal advisors can use this approach to study potential cases of patent infringement or devise strategies to avoid litigation. The case study demonstrates the use of non-exhaustive overlaps algorithm by clustering US and Japan radio frequency identification （RFID） patents and by analyzing the legal implications of automated discovery of patent infringement.

关键词： Data mining patent analysis patent infringement non-exhaustive overlap clustering ontology schema