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Twisted fiber microfluidics:a cutting-edge approach to 3D spiral devices

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 193-202页

作者： Shunsuke kato Daniel W.Carlson amy Q.Shen Yuanyuan Guo Department of Electrical Information and Physics EngineeringSchool of EngineeringTohoku UniversityAoba-kuSendai 980-8579 MiyagiJapan Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and TechnologyOnnaKunigami-gun 904-0495 OkinawaJapan Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences(FRIS) Tohoku UniversityAoba-kuSendai 980-0845 MiyagiJapan Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku UniversityAoba-kuSendai 980-8579 MiyagiJapan Department of Physiology Graduate School of MedicineTohoku UniversityAoba-kuSendai 980-8575 MiyagiJapan

The development of 3D spiral microfluidics has opened new avenues for leveraging inertial focusing to analyze small fluid volumes,thereby advancing research across chemical,physical,and biological *** traditional straight microchannels rely solely on inertial lift forces,the novel spiral geometry generates Dean drag forces,eliminating the necessity for external fields in fluid ***,fabricating 3D spiral microfluidics remains a labor-intensive and costly endeavor,hindering its widespread ***,conventional lithographic methods primarily yield 2D planar devices,thereby limiting the selection of materials and geometrical *** address these challenges,this work introduces a streamlined fabrication method for 3D spiral microfluidic devices,employing rotational force within a miniaturized thermal drawing process,termed as *** innovation allows for rapid prototyping of twisted fiber-based microfluidics featuring versatility in material selection and heightened geometric *** validate the performance of these devices,we combined computational modeling with microtomographic particle image velocimetry(uTPiM)to comprehensively characterize the 3D flow *** results corroborate the presence of a steady secondary flow,underscoring the effectiveness of our *** 3D spiral microfluidics platform paves the way for exploring intricate microflow dynamics,with promising applications in areas such as drug delivery,diagnostics,and lab-on-a-chip systems.

关键词： thereby straight twisted

Shifting the paradigm:A critical review of social innovation literature

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2024年第1期8卷 45-58页

作者： amy Phillips Rosalie Luo Joel Wendland-Liu Social Innovation Program Grand Valley State UniversityGrand Rapids49504USA Ivey School of Business Western UniversityPLondonN6A 0E1Canada Social Innovation Program Grand Valley State UniversityAllendale49401USA

In this review of ten years of social innovation research(2012e2022),we define and explore three paradigms in the field:instrumentalist,strong,and *** investigate how language usage and geography play a central role in identifying which paradigms recently published scholarship falls *** we do not insist that sharp divisions exist between each paradigm,we do find that on the“instrumentalist”side,language tends to abstract or neutralize power ***,these perspectives tend to derive from Western or Eurocentric orientations or ***“strong”paradigm accepts the necessity of institutional and stakeholder engagement and seeks to engage socially excluded *** contrast,geographical diversity,attendance to historicized and systemic inequalities,and elevation of the most marginalized communities are more likely to be centered in the“democratic”*** apply this discussion to recent research in arts-related social innovation and the related field of social entrepreneurship.

关键词： Social innovation Culture Arts Social entrepreneurship Ethnocentrism

Distribution of licensed acupuncturists and educational institutions in the United States at the start of 2023,during the late stage of the COVID-19 pandemic

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期22卷 379-384页

作者： Arthur Yin Fan De-guang He Anu Sangraula Sarah Faggert Alemi amy Matecki American Traditional Chinese Medicine Association ViennaVA 22182USA McLean Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine ViennaVA 22182USA New England School of Acupuncture Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesBostonMA 02115USA Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Prevention and Control ProgramGeorgetown UniversityWashington DC 20057USA Eastern Roots Wellness PLCMcLeanVA 22101USA Sutter Health Alta Bates Summit Medical CenterOaklandCA 94609USA

This study was conducted to identify the number and density of active licensed acupuncturists(LAcs),as well as the number of accredited schools in acupuncture and Oriental medicine(AOM),as of January 1,2023,in the United States(U.S.).The number of active LAcs as of January 1,2023 was 34,524,potentially33,364 after removing license duplication in multiple states,among which the largest three states were California(with 7317 LAcs[21.19%of the total]),New York(5024[14.55%])and Florida(2644[7.66%]).The total number of LAcs decreased by 8.87%from 2018,and fell short of our projected number of LAcs in 2023 by 9037,or 20.75%.The overall LAc density in the *** as the number of LAcs per 100,000 populationDwas 10.36,less than in *** were 56 active,accredited AOM schools which offered a total of 147 programs(121 at the level necessary for licensing[entry-level],12 for an advanced practicing degree[advanced-level],and 14 for certifications).Broken down further,offerings included 50 master's degrees in acupuncture,40 master's degrees in Oriental medicine,31 entry-level doctorate degrees(10 in acupuncture and 21 in acupuncture plus Chinese herbal medicine),and 12advanced-level doctorate degrees in *** certification programs included one in East-Asian Medical Bodywork and 13 in *** these schools in 2023,institutions in the West and East Coast states comprised 67.86%(decreased from 77.42%in 2018)of the national ***,Florida and Illinois represented 39.29%.There were 48 jurisdictions with acupuncture practice laws in *** data suggests that the acupuncture profession in the *** been significantly impacted during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

关键词： Acupuncturist Acupuncture educational institution Distribution Density Oriental medicine United States

Exploring impacts of COVID-19 on spatial and temporal patterns of visitors to Canadian Rocky Mountain National Parks from social media big data

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 13-33页

作者： Dehui Christina Geng amy Li Jieyu Zhang Howie W.Harshaw Christopher Gaston Wanli Wu Guangyu Wang National Park Research Centre Faculty of ForestryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z4Canada Faculty of Applied Science University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z3Canada Paul G.Allen School of Computer Science&Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Faculty of kinesiology Sportand RecreationUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2J9Canada Department of Wood Science Faculty of ForestryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z4Canada

COVID-19 posed challenges for global tourism *** in visitor temporal and spatial patterns and their associated determinants pre-and peri-pandemic in Canadian Rocky Mountain National Parks are *** was collected through social media programming and analyzed using spatiotemporal analysis and a geographically weighted regression(GWR)*** highlight that COVID-19 significantly changed park visitation *** tended to explore more remote areas *** GWR model also indicated distance to nearby trails was a significant influence on visitor *** results indicate that the pandemic influenced tourism temporal and spatial *** research presents a novel approach using combined social media big data which can be extended to the field of tourism management,and has important implications to manage visitor patterns and to allocate resources efficiently to satisfy multiple objectives of park management.

关键词： Tourism management Social media big data National parks COVID-19 Geographical weighted regression

Lipid concentration and composition in xylem sap of woody angiosperms from a tropical savanna and a seasonal rainforest

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Plant Diversity 2024年第1期46卷 126-133页

作者： Ling-Bo Huang Xinyi Guan amy Ny Aina Aritsara Jun-Jie Zhu Steven Jansen kun-Fang Cao State key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ConservationGuangxi UniversityDaxuedong Road 100NanningGuangxi 530004China Institute of Botany Ulm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 11Ulm89081Germany

Lipids may play an important role in preventing gas embolisms by coating nanobubbles in xylem *** studies on xylem sap lipids have been reported for temperate plants,and it remain unclear whether sap lipids have adaptational significance in tropical *** this study,we quantify the lipid composition of xylem sap for angiosperm species from a tropical savanna(seven species)and a seasonal rainforest(five species)using mass *** found that all twelve species studied contained lipids in their xylem sap,including galactolipids,phospholipids and triacylglycerol,with a total lipid concentration ranging from 0.09 to 0.26 nmol/*** was no difference in lipid concentration or composition between plants from the two sites,and the lipid concentration was negatively related to species’open vessel ***,savanna species showed little variation in lipid composition between the dry and the rainy *** results support the hypothesis that xylem sap lipids are derived from the cytoplasm of individual conduit cells,remain trapped inside individual conduits,and undergo few changes in composition over consecutive seasons.A xylem sap lipidomic data set,which includes 12 tropical tree species from this study and 11 temperate tree species from literature,revealed no phylogenetic signals in lipid composition for these *** study fills a knowledge gap in the lipid content of xylem sap in tropical trees and provides additional support for their common distribution in xylem sap of woody *** appears that xylem sap lipids have no adaptive significance.

关键词： Xylem sap Lipids Tropical savanna Tropical rainforest Vessels

Health Systems Strengthening to Tackle the Global Burden of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease: A Diagonal Approach

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第2期19卷 131-138页

作者： Dominique Vervoort amy Verstappen Sreehari Madhavankutty Nair Chong Chin Eu Bistra Zheleva Institute of Health Policy Management and EvaluationUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada Division of Cardiac Surgery University of TorontoTorontoCanada Global Alliance for Rheumatic and Congenital Hearts PhiladelphiaUSA Department of Health Services Government of KeralaKeralaIndia Ministry of Health PutrajayaMalaysia Children’s HeartLink MinneapolisUSA

1 Background Congenital heart disease(CHD)is the most common major congenital anomaly,affecting approximately one in every 100 live births[1].Among congenital anomalies,66%of preventable deaths are due to CHD,and 58%of the avertable morbidity and mortality due to congenital anomalies would result from scaling congenital heart surgery services[2].Every year,nearly 300,000 children and adults die from CHD,the majority of whom live in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs)[3].Approximately 49%of all individuals with CHD will require surgical or interventional care at some point in their lifetime[4];as a result of advances in access to and the delivery of such services,over 95%of children born with CHD in high-income countries now live into adulthood[3].Here,adults have surpassed children in the number of CHD cases at a ratio of 2:1[5].

关键词： Congenital heart disease pediatric heart disease global health health systems health policy

Alpine grassland degradation intensifies the burrowing behavior of small mammals:evidence for a negative feedback loop

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 240-252页

作者： Zaiwei WANG Jiawen YAN amy MARTIN Dianne HBRUNTON Jiapeng QU Jin-Sheng HE Weihong JI Zhibiao NAN State key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research LincolnNew Zealand School of Natural Sciences Massey University(Albany Campus)AucklandNew Zealand key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina Qinghai Haibei National Field Research Station of Alpine Grassland Ecosystem Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijingChina

Globally,grassland degradation is an acute ecological *** alpine grassland on the Tibetan Plateau,increased densities of various small mammals in degraded grassland are assumed to intensify the degradation process and these mammals are subject to lethal ***,whether the negative impact of small mammals is solely a result of population size or also a result of activity and behavior has not been *** this study,we use plateau pika as a model to compare population size,core area of colony,and the number of burrow entrances and latrines between lightly and severely degraded *** test whether the alleged contribution of pika to grassland degradation is a result of increased population size or increased burrowing activities of individuals in response to lower food *** found that grassland degradation resulted in lower plant species richness,plant height,and ***,the overall population size of pika was not significantly affected by location in lightly and severely degraded ***,pika core areas in severely grassland degradation were significantly larger and had significantly higher densities of burrows and *** study provides convincing evidence that habitat-induced changes in the behavior of small,burrowing mammals,such as pika,can exacerbate grassland *** finding has significant implications for managing small mammals and restoring degraded grassland ecosystems.

关键词： burrowing behavior grassland degradation plateau pika population size small mammals

Examining the effects of voluntary avoidance behaviour and policy-mediated behaviour change on the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2:A mathematical model

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第3期9卷 701-712页

作者： Gabrielle Brankston David N.Fisman Zvonimir Poljak Ashleigh R.Tuite amy L.Greer Department of Population Medicine University of GuelphCanada Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of TorontoCanada Centre for Immunization Readiness Public Health Agency of CanadaOttawaOntarioCanada

Background Throughout the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic,policymakers have had to navigate between recommending voluntary behaviour change and policy-driven behaviour change to mitigate the impact of the *** individuals will voluntarily engage in self-protective behaviour when there is an increasing infectious disease risk,the extent to which this occurs and its impact on an epidemic is not *** This paper describes a deterministic disease transmission model exploring the impact of individual avoidance behaviour and policy-mediated avoidance behaviour on epidemic outcomes during the second wave of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Ontario,Canada(September 1,2020 to February 28,2021).The model incorporates an information feedback function based on empirically derived behaviour data describing the degree to which avoidance behaviour changed in response to the number of new daily cases *** Voluntary avoidance behaviour alone was estimated to reduce the final attack rate by 23.1%,the total number of hospitalizations by 26.2%,and cumulative deaths by 27.5%over 6 months compared to a counterfactual scenario in which there were no interventions or avoidance behaviour.A provincial shutdown order issued on December 26,2020 was estimated to reduce the final attack rate by 66.7%,the total number of hospitalizations by 66.8%,and the total number of deaths by 67.2%compared to the counterfactual *** Given the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in a pre-vaccine era,individual avoidance behaviour in the absence of government action would have resulted in a moderate reduction in disease however,it would not have been sufficient to entirely mitigate transmission and the associated risk to the population in *** action during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario reduced infections,protected hospital capacity,and saved lives.

关键词： Mathematical modelling COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Human behaviour

Outcomes and efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging-compatible sacral nerve stimulator for management of fecal incontinence: A multi-institutional study

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World Journal of Radiology 2024年第2期16卷 32-39页

作者： Binit katuwal amy Thorsen kunal kochar Ryba Bhullar Ray king Ernesto Raul Drelichman Vijay k Mittal Jasneet Singh Bhullar Department of Surgery Ascension Providence HospitalMichigan State University College of Human MedicineSouthfieldMI 48075United States Department of Colon and Rectal surgery Alina Health Abbott Northwestern HospitalMinneapolisMN 55407United States Colon and Rectal Surgery Advocate Illinois MasonicPark RidgeIL 60068United States Volunteer Student Department of ResearchAscension Providence HospitalSouthfieldMI 48075United States Colon and Rectal Surgery University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53715United States General and Colorectal Surgery Ascension Providence HospitalMichigan State University College of Human MedicineSouthfieldMI 48075United States Department of Surgery Department of Medical EducationAscension Providence HospitalMichigan State University College of Human MedicineSouthfieldMI 48075United States

BACkGROUND Fecal incontinence(FI)is an involuntary passage of fecal matter which can have a significant impact on a patient’s quality of *** modalities of treatment exist for *** nerve stimulation is a well-established treatment for *** the increased need of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for diagnostics,the In-terStim which was previously used in sacral nerve stimulation was limited by MRI *** MRI-compatible InterStim was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in August 2020 and has been widely *** To evaluate the efficacy,outcomes and complications of the MRI-compatible *** Data of patients who underwent MRI-compatible Medtronic InterStim placement at UPMC Williamsport,University of Minnesota,Advocate Lutheran General Hospital,and University of Wisconsin-Madison was pooled and *** demographics,clinical features,surgical techniques,complications,and outcomes were *** the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology(STROBE)cross-sectional reporting guidelines were *** Seventy-three patients had the InterStim *** mean age was 63.29±12.2 ***-seven(78.1%)patients were females and forty-two(57.5%)patients had *** addition to incontinence,overlapping symptoms included diarrhea(23.3%),fecal urgency(58.9%),and urinary incontinence(28.8%).Fifteen(20.5%)patients underwent Peripheral Nerve Evaluation before proceeding to definite implant ***-two(43.8%)patients underwent rechargeable InterStim ***(4.1%)patients needed removal of the *** of the external lead connection was observed in 7(9.6%)patients after the stage I *** explanation for one patient was due to ***(9.6%)patients had other complications like nerve pain,hematoma,infection,lead fracture,and *** mean follow-up was 6.62±3.5 ***-eight(93.2%)patients reported significant improvement of symptoms on

关键词： Fecal incontinence Sacral nerve stimulation InterStim Magnetic resonance imaging Sacral neuromodulation