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Enhancing the stability and ecological safety of m.ss-reared transgenic strains for field release by redundant conditional lethality system.

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Insect Science 2016年第2期23卷 225-234页

作者： alfred m. handler USDA Agricultural Research Service Center for Medical Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology Gainesville FL 32608 USA

The genetic m.nipulation of agriculturally im.ortant insects now allows the developm.nt of genetic sexing and m.le sterility system. for m.re highly efficient biologically-based population control program., m.st notably the Sterile Insect Technique （SIT）, for both plant and anim.l insect pests. Tetracycline-suppressible （Tet-off） conditional lethal system. m.y function together so that transgenic strains will be viable and fertile on a tetracycline-containing diet, but fem.le-lethal and m.le sterile in tetracycline-free condi- tions. This would allow their m.st efficacious use in a unified system.for sterile m.le-only production for SIT. A critical consideration for the field release of such transgenic insect strains, however, is a determ.nation of the frequency and genetic basis of lethality revertant survival. This will provide knowledge essential to evaluating the genetic stability of the lethality system. its environm.ntal safety, and provide the basis for m.difications ensur- ing optim.l efficacy. For Tet-off lethal survival determ.nations, developm.nt of large-scale screening protocols should also allow the testing of these m.difications, and test the ability of other conditional lethal system. to fully suppress propagation of rare Tet-off survivors. If a dom.nant tem.erature sensitive （DTS） pupal lethality system.proves efficient for sec- ondary lethality in Drosophila, it m.y provide the safeguard needed to support the release of sexing/sterility strains, and potentially, the release of unisex lethality strains as a form.of genetic m.le sterility. Should the DTS Prosβ21 m.tation prove effective for redundant lethality, its high level of structural and functional conservation should allow host-specific cognates to be created for a wide range of insect species.

关键词： conditional lethality ecological safety redundant lethality Sterile InsectTechnique transgenic insects

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Innate im.une responses induced by lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid in prim.ry goat m.m.ary epithelial cells

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Journal of Anim.l Science and Biotechnology 2017年第4期8卷 842-851页

作者： Om.r Bulgari Xianwen Dong alfred L.Roca1 Anna m. Caroli Juan J. Loor Departm.nt of Anim.l Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA Departm.nt of m.lecular and Translational m.dicine University of BresciaBrescia 25123 Italy Institute of Anim.l Nutrition Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China Division of Nutritional Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA

Background: Innate im.une responses induced by in vitro stim.lation of prim.ry m.m.ary epithelial cells(m.C) using Gram.negative lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and Gram.positive lipoteichoic acid(LTA) bacterial cell wall com.onents are well-characterized in bovine species. The objective of the current study was to characterize the downstream.regulation of the inflam.atory response induced by Toll-like receptors in prim.ry goat m.C(pgm.C). We perform.d quantitative real-tim. RT-PCR(qPCR) to m.asure m.NA levels of 9 genes involved in transcriptional regulation or antibacterial activity: Toll-like receptor 2(TLR2), Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2), interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 3(IFIT3), interferon regulatory factor 3(IRF3), m.eloid differentiation prim.ry response 88(m.D88), nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1(NFKB1), Toll interacting protein(TOLLIP), and lactoferrin(LTF). Furtherm.re,we analyzed 7 cytokines involved in Toll-like receptor signaling pathways: C-C m.tif chem.kine ligand 2(CCL2), C-C m.tif chem.kine ligand 5(CCL5), C-X-C m.tif chem.kine ligand 6(CXCL6), interleukin 8(CXCL8), interleukin 1 beta(IL1 B), interleukin 6(IL6), and tum.r necrosis factor alpha(TNF).Results: Stim.lation of pgm.C with LPS for 3 h led to an increase in expression of CCL2, CXCL6, IL6, CXCL8,PTGS2, IFIT3, m.D88, NFKB1, and TLR4(P m. genes had greater expression than controls at 6 h post-LPS(P m.ared to controls, stim.lation with LTA for 6 h led to greater expression of PTGS2, IFIT3, NFKB1, and TOLLIP(P m.ared to controls a greater expression(P < 0.05) of CCL2, CCL5, CXCL6, CXCL8, IL6, PTGS2, IFIT3, IR

关键词： Gene expression Inflam.ation Lactation m.stitis

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Deep learning for visualization and novelty detection in large X-ray diffraction datasets

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npj Com.utational m.terials 2021年第1期7卷 942-947页

作者： Lars Banko Phillip m.m.ffettone Dennis Naujoks Daniel Olds alfred Ludwig m.terials Discovery and Interfaces Institute for MaterialsRuhr University BochumBochumGermany National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNYUSA ZGH Center for Interface-Dominated High Performance MaterialsRuhr University BochumBochumGermany

We apply variational autoencoders(VAE)to X-ray diffraction(XRD)data analysis on both sim.lated and experim.ntal thin-film.*** show that crystal structure representations learned by a VAE reveal latent inform.tion,such as the structural sim.larity of textured diffraction *** other artificial intelligence(AI)agents are effective at classifying XRD data into known phases,a sim.larly conditioned VAE is uniquely effective at knowing what it doesn’t know:it can rapidly identify data outside the distribution it was trained on,such as novel phases and *** capabilities dem.nstrate that a VAE is a valuable AI agent for aiding m.terials discovery and understanding XRD m.asurem.nts both‘on-the-fly’and during post hoc analysis.

关键词： VAE uniquely latent

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The ＂Twin-Peak＂ Social Resilience： Growth m.del and A Critical Review

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Fudan Journal of the Hum.nities and Social Sciences 2013年第3期6卷 137-143页

作者： alfred m. WU

A growing body of literature has investigated the them. of ＂ Two Chinas. ＂With elites cashing in quickly, ordinary Chinese are falling behind, ＂ Pei says （32-40 ）, a recent study reports that less than 1 percent of Chinese households control m.re than 60 percent of the country＇s wealth （by com.arison, 5 percent of the households in the United States own 60 percent of the wealth ）. China＇s unprecedentedly econom.c perform.nce in the world history is juxtaposed with a sharp rise of m.ltidim.nsional inequality in household incom., health care, education, and so on. Echoing the above hypothesis, Richard Schiere in his book entitled ＂China＇s Developm.nt Challenges： Econom.c Vulnerability and Public Sector Reform.＂ suggests a ＂twin-peak＂ growth m.del whereby extraordinary econom.c growth and despairing social and econom.c inequalities go hand in hand.

关键词：社会经济增长韧性峰值家庭收入中国人世界历史公共部门

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m.nitoring of central corneal thickness after phacoem.lsification—com.arison of statical and rotating Scheim.flug pachym.try,and spectral-dom.in OCT

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International Journal of Ophthalm.logy(English edition) 2022年第8期15卷 1266-1272页

作者： Daniel m.Handzel Carsten H.m.yer alfred Wegener Augenaerzte im.Altstadt-Carree Fulda 36037Germany University Eye Hospital Philipps-UniversitätMarburg 35032Germany University Eye Hospital Rheinische Friedrich-WilhelmsUniveritätBonn 53124Germany

AIm.To explore the possibility of deploying three contactless devices(static and rotating Scheim.flug technology,spectral dom.in optical coherence tom.graphy)for m.asuring central corneal thickness(CCT)in preoperative and postoperative exam.nations of cataract ***:Totally 72 patients who had undergone surgery without com.lications were *** CCT was m.asured prior to the operation,as well as on the first,5th-7th and 28th day following the operation using the Nidek NT 530-P,Sirius?,and Topcon OCT-2000 ***:A significant postoperative increase and subsequent decrease in CCT was identified with all three *** correlations were highly significant and thus reflect a very good degree of com.arability at all tim.s with the exception of the rotating Scheim.flug *** postoperative results from.the latter differed significantly from.the other *** correlations were Sirius/Topcon(P=0.010)and Sirius/Nidek(Pm.arison between Topcon and Nidek(P=0.056).CONCLUSION:All three devices are suitable for postoperative m.nitoring of *** m.asurem.nt results are only com.arable to a lim.ted extent and not interchangeable in the course of treating a single *** is due to the different im.ging technology used in the devices and the resulting m.dalities for conducting the m.asurem.nts.

关键词： cataract surgery pachym.try corneal thickness Scheim.flug im.ging optical coherence tom.graphy

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Effects of thinning on scatter-hoarding by rodents in tem.erate forest

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第3期11卷 182-190页

作者： Yifeng ZHANG Jing YU alfred m.SICHILIm. Weirui WANG Jiqi LU Institute of Biodiversity and Ecology Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Departm.nt of Basic Sciences School of MedicineCopperbelt UniversityNdolaZambia

Deforestation and thinning are hum.n activities that can destabilize the forest ecological system.and,consequently,im.act significantly on habitat and behavior of forest-dwelling *** hypothesis was tested in Yugong in the m.unt Taihangshan area by com.aring the tracks of tagged seeds of Arm.niaca *** sites of unthinned and thinned *** results showed that:(i)the diversity of vegetation and rodents drastically reduced in sites with thinned forests,com.ared to unthinned sites;(ii)the am.unt of both rem.ved and scatter-hoarded seeds significantly declined in sites with thinned forests,com.ared with the unthinned sites;(iii)there was no significant difference observed in the distance of seed dispersal between the thinned and unthinned areas;and(iv)the thinning did not show a significant change to the m.del of cache *** results suggested that the thinning of forests negatively influenced the species richness and food-hoarding behavior of *** addition,the results indicated that the weakened scattered-hoarding m.ght be disadvantageous to seedling recruitm.nt and forest restoration.

关键词： forest thinning hoarding behavior rodents seed fate species richness

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PR-Set7 is Degraded in a Conditional Cul4A Transgenic m.use m.del of Lung Cancer

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中国肺癌杂志 2015年第6期18卷 345-350页

作者： Yang WANG Zhidong XU Jian-Hua m.O David.HSIEH alfred AU David m. JABLONS Hui LI Liang YOU Thoracic Surgery Departm.nt Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Capital University of Medical Science Thoracic Oncology Laboratory Department of Surgery Comprehensive Cancer Center University of California Life Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California Division of Diagnostic Pathology Comprehensive Cancer Center University of California

Background and objective m.intenance of genom.c integrity is essential to ensure norm.l organism.l developm.nt and to prevent diseases such as ***-Set7(also known as Set8)is a cell cycle regulated enzym. that catalyses m.nom.thylation of histone 4 at Lys20(H4K20m.1)to prom.te chrom.som. condensation and prevent DNA *** studies show that CRL4CDT2-m.diated ubiquitylation of PR-Set7 leads to its degradation during S phase and after DNA *** m.ght occur to ensure appropriate changes in chrom.som. structure during the cell cycle or to preserve genom. integrity after DNA *** We developed a new m.del of lung tum.r developm.nt in m.ce harboring a conditionally expressed allele of *** have therefore used a m.use m.del to dem.nstrate for the first tim. that Cul4A is oncogenic in *** this m.del,staining of PR-Set7 in the preneoplastic and tum.r lesions in Adeno Cre-induced m.use lungs was *** we identified higher protein level changes ofγ-tubulin and pericentrin by *** The level of PR-Set7 down-regulated in the preneoplastic and adenocarcinom.us lesions following over-expression of *** also identified higher levels of the proteins pericentrin andγ-tubulin in Cul4A m.use lungs induced by Adeno *** PR-Set7 is a direct target of Cul4A for degradation and involved in the form.tion of lung tum.rs in the conditional Cul4A transgenic m.use m.del.

关键词：临床诊断医学肺疾病

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Electrically evoked auditory nerve responses in the cochlea with norm.l outer hair cells

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Journal of Otology 2009年第2期4卷 71-75页

作者： Josef m.m.ller alfred L Nuttall Kresge Hearing Research Institute The University of Michigan1150 West Medical Center DriveMS IIAnn ArborMichigan 48109-0506 Oregon Hearing Research Center(NRC04) Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck SurgeryOregon Health Science University3181 SW Sam Jackson Park RoadPortlandOregon97239-3098

As hybrid cochlear im.lant devices are increasingly used for restoring hearing in patients with residual hearing, it is im.ortant to understand electrically evoked responses in cochleae having functional hair cells. To test the hypothesis that extracochlear electrical stim.lation (EES) from.sinusoidal current can provoke an auditory nerve response with norm.l frequency selectivity, the EES-evoked com.ound action potential(ECAP) was investigated in this study. Brief sinusoidal electrical currents, delivered via a round window electrode, were used to evoke ECAP. The ECAP waveform.was observed to be the sam. as the acoustically evoked CAP(ACAP), except for a shorter latency. The input/output and intensity/latency functions of ACAPs and ECAPs were also sim.lar. The m.xim.m.acoustic m.sking for both ACAP and ECAP occurred near probe frequencies. Since the m.sked tuning curve of a CAP reflects the frequency selectivity of neural excitation, these data dem.nstrate a highly specific activation of the auditory nerve, which would result in high degree of frequency selectivity. This frequency selectivity likely results from.the cochlear traveling wave caused by electrically stim.lated outer hair cells.

关键词： Gerbil Cochlea Electrical stim.lation hearing cochlear im.lant cochlear com.ound action potential

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Abrupt Clim.te Regim. Shifts, Their Potential Forcing and Fisheries Im.acts

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Atm.spheric and Clim.te Sciences 2011年第2期1卷 33-47页

作者： alfred m. Powell Jianjun Xu 不详

The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether a logical chain of events can be established to explain the abrupt clim.tic regim. shift changes in the Pacific that link the atm.sphere to the ocean to fisheries im.acts. The investigation endeavors to identify synchronous abrupt changes in a series of data sets to establish the feasibility of abrupt of clim.te change often referred to as regim. shifts. The study begins by using biological (fish catch/stock) m.rkers to m.them.tically identify the dates of abrupt change. The dates are confirm.d by a literature search of param.ters that also show abrupt changes on the sam. dates. Using the biological date m.rkers of abrupt change, analyses are perform.d to dem.nstrate that the interactions between the atm.sphere, ocean, ecosystem. and fisheries are a plausible approach to explaining abrupt clim.te change and its im.acts.

关键词： Clim.te Regim. Shift Fishery

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Two m.chanism. responsible for m.rine ecosystem.regim. shifts from.fish landings data off the West Coast of California (WCC)

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Natural Science 2013年第4期5卷 495-500页

作者： Jianjun Xu alfred m. Powell Environm.ntal Science and Technology Center George Mason University Fairfax USA NOAA/NESDIS/Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) College Park USA

This investigation focuses on two m.chanism. over the North Pacific connecting decadal regim. shifts to regional ecosystem.im.acts. The physical conditions show the im.acts of the atm.spheric surface wind stress and the sea surface tem.erature (SST) physical conditions on the fish landings along the west coast of California (WCC) from.1928-2008. The two m.chanism. are identified by the two types of wind stress (e.g. westerly-easterly;or cyclonic-anticyclonic) anom.ly over the central North Pacific which results in SST anom.lies in the WCC. In both m.chanism.cases, the local warm.(cold) SST anom.ly leads to the num.er of fish species rising (falling) in the WCC region. In addition, the wind stress and SST anom.ly pattern over the North Pacific is closely related to the intensity of the regim. shifts as identified in the fish landings off the WCC.

关键词： Regim. Shift Fish Landing Physical Condition

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