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Super-resolution GANs for upscaling unplanned urban settlements from remote sensing satellite imagery - the case of Chinese urban village detection

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 2623-2643页

作者： alessandro Crivellari Hong Wei Chunzhu Wei Yuhui Shi Department of Computer Science and Engineering SouthernUniversity of Science and TechnologyShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China Ministry of Education Ecological Field Station for East Asian Migratory Birds Department of Earth System ScienceInstitute for Global Change StudiesTsinghua UniversityBeijingPeople’s Republic of China School of Geography and Planning Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouPeople’s Republic of China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) ZhuhaiPeople’s Republic of China

The semantic segmentation of informal urban settlements represents an essential contribution towards renovation strategies and reconstruction *** this context,however,a big challenge remains unsolved when dealing with incomplete data acquisitions from multiple sensing devices,especially when study areas are depicted by images of different *** practice,traditional methodologies are directed to downgrade the higher-resolution data to the lowest-resolution measure,to define an overall homogeneous dataset,which is however ineffective in downstream segmentation activities of such crowded unplanned urban *** this purpose,we hereby tackle the problem in the opposite direction,namely upscaling the lower-resolution data to the highest-resolution measure,contributing to assess the use of cutting-edge super-resolution generative adversarial network(SR-GAN)*** experimental novelty targets the particular case involving the automatic detection of‘urban villages’,sign of the quick transformation of Chinese urban *** aligning image resolutions from two different data sources(Gaofen-2 and Sentinel-2 data),we evaluated the degree of improvement with regard to pixel-based landcover segmentation,achieving,on a 1 m resolution target,classification accuracies up to 83%,67%and 56%for 4x,8x,and 10x resolution upgrades respectively,disclosing the advantages of artificially-upscaled images for segmenting detailed characteristics of informal settlements.

关键词： SR-GAN resolution upscaling informal settlements urban villages cross-sensor analytics

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Disaster risk reduction in mountain areas: an initial overview on seeking pathways to global sustainability

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第6期19卷 1838-1846页

作者： ALCáNTARA-AYALA Irasema PASUTO alessandro CUI Peng Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico(UNAM)Mexico City 04510Mexico CNR-IRPI Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological ProtectionC.so Stati UnitiPadova 435127Italy. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China

As disasters cripple the world’s prospects for sustainable development, protecting the most vulnerable groups exposed to hazards is one of the main challenges facing humanity. Owing to the systemic nature of risk and the interactions and interdependencies between upland and lowland systems, healthy and productive mountain households and livelihoods are essential to global sustainability. This paper argues that, building on existing international frameworks, and integrated knowledge and praxis, the development of a global policy agenda should be established to build sustainable peace, sustainable security, and development.

关键词： Disaster risk reduction Integrated disaster risk management Global sustainability International frameworks Science-based policymaking

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Simplified approach to integrate seismic retrofitting prioritization with social cost evaluation: A case study in central Italy

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第3期9卷 447-460页

作者： Mauro D’Apuzzo Azzurra Evangelisti alessandro Rasulo Vittorio Nicolosi Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering University of Cassino and Southern LazioCassino 03043Italy Department of Enterprise Engineering“Mario Lucertini” University of Rome“Tor Vergata”Rome 00133Ital

In the last three decades, bridge stock seismic retrofitting prioritization has become one of the cult topics for scientific discussions in the bridge management strategies. More recent methods are focusing on the evaluation of the generalized failure cost, of a specific bridge derived from direct and indirect costs induced to the users/residents of the area exposed to the seismic hazard as a consequence of bridge collapse. However, when these approaches have to be applied to large transport networks, appear still very complex and computational demanding, and therefore simplified methods to evaluate the impact in terms of social cost related to the reduced efficiency of a transportation network due to potential bridge failure, are *** this work, a simplified method for seismic retrofitting prioritization on a bridge stock is proposed, which is based on a “blended” approach considering specific fragility curves according to several bridge features and condition state, seismic inputs and generalized failure costs related to the transportation network. The effectiveness of the method has been showed on a case study of a local bridge stock placed in central Italy and the obtained results have been compared with those provided by more refined transport simulation models, on one hand, and by more traditional prioritization approaches, on the other. It is highlighted that this method can be very useful for transportation network managers with in a limited budget scenario, in case of lack of information about possible earthquakeinduced impacts on a transportation network efficiency.

关键词： Bridge engineering Seismic hazard Fragility models Failure cost Transportation networks Seismic retrofitting

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Disaster risk reduction in mountain areas: a research overview

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第6期19卷 1487-1494页

作者： ALCANTARA-AYALA Irasema CUI Peng PASUTO alessandro Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico(UNAM)Mexico City 04510Mexico Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China CNR-IRPI Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological ProtectionC.so Stati UnitiPadova 435127Italy.

This paper gives an account of the diverse dimensions of research on disaster risk reduction in mountain regions derived from an open call of the Journal of Mountain Science that brought 21 *** special issue includes topics as diverse as landslide dynamics and mechanisms,landslide inventories and landslide susceptibility models,insights to landslide hazards and disasters and mitigation measures,disaster response and disaster risk *** overall structure of the paper takes the form of three *** first part begins by laying out the significance of disaster risk reduction in mountain areas,whereas the second one looks at the research insights on disaster risk reduction in mountains provided by the contributions comprised in the special *** final section identifies areas for further research.

关键词： disaster risk reduction hazards integrated disaster risk management mitigation measures response mountains

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Deep anomaly detection in horizontal axis wind turbines using GraphConvolutional Autoencoders for Multivariate Time series

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2022年第2期8卷 79-91页

作者： Eric Stefan Miele Fabrizio Bonacina alessandro Corsini Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Sapienza University of RomeVia Eudossiana 118RomeI00184Italy

Wind power is one of the fastest-growing renewable energy sectors instrumental in the ongoing decarbonizationprocess. However, wind turbines are subjected to a wide range of dynamic loads which can cause more frequentfailures and downtime periods, leading to ever-increasing attention to effective Condition Monitoring *** this paper, we propose a novel unsupervised deep anomaly detection framework to detect anomalies in windturbines based on SCADA data. We introduce a promising neural architecture, namely a Graph ConvolutionalAutoencoder for Multivariate Time series, to model the sensor network as a dynamical functional graph. Thisstructure improves the unsupervised learning capabilities of Autoencoders by considering individual sensormeasurements together with the nonlinear correlations existing among signals. On this basis, we developeda deep anomaly detection framework that was validated on 12 failure events occurred during 20 months ofoperation of four wind turbines. The results show that the proposed framework successfully detects anomaliesand anticipates SCADA alarms by outperforming other two recent neural approaches.

关键词： Wind turbine Condition monitoring Deep anomaly detection SCADA data Graph Convolutional Autoencoder Multivariate Time series Early fault detection

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Optimal interplanetary trajectories for Sun-facing ideal diffractive sails

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Astrodynamics 2023年第3期7卷 285-299页

作者： alessandro A.Quarta Giovanni Mengali Marco Bassetto Lorenzo Niccolai Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering University of PisaI-56122 PisaItaly

A diffractive sail is a solar sail whose exposed surface is covered by an advanced diffractive metamaterial film with engineered optical properties. This study examines the optimal performance of a diffractive solar sail with a Sun-facing attitude in a typical orbit-to-orbit heliocentric transfer. A Sun-facing attitude, which can be passively maintained through the suitable design of the sail shape, is obtained when the sail nominal plane is perpendicular to the Sun–spacecraft line. Unlike an ideal reflective sail, a Sun-facing diffractive sail generates a large transverse thrust component that can be effectively exploited to change the orbital angular momentum. Using a recent thrust model, this study determines the optimal control law of a Sun-facing ideal diffractive sail and simulates the minimum transfer times for a set of interplanetary mission scenarios. It also quantifies the performance difference between Sun-facing diffractive sail and reflective sail. A case study presents the results of a potential mission to the asteroid 16 Psyche.

关键词： diffractive solar sail Sun-facing sail interplanetary transfer trajectory optimization

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Stem cell-based 3D brain organoids for mimicking, investigating, and challenging Alzheimer's diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第2期17卷 330-332页

作者： Federica Cordella Carlo Brighi alessandro Soloperto Silvia Di Angelantonio Center for Life Nanoscience Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaRomeItaly Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Sapienza UniversityRomeItaly

Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a progressive and irreversible neurodegene rative disorder that causes a decline of cognitive functions and a deterioration of behavioral and social performances. According to current estima... 详细信息

关键词： Alzheimer diseases irreversible

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Bone remodeling:an operational process ensuring survival and bone mechanical competence

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Bone Research 2022年第3期10卷 421-439页

作者： Simona Bolamperti Isabella Villa alessandro Rubinacci Osteoporosis and Bone and Mineral Metabolism Unit IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 6020132 MilanoItaly

Bone remodeling replaces old and damaged bone with new bone through a sequence of cellular events occurring on the same surface without any change in bone shape. It was initially thought that the basic multicellular unit(BMU) responsible for bone remodeling consists of osteoclasts and osteoblasts functioning through a hierarchical sequence of events organized into distinct stages. However, recent discoveries have indicated that all bone cells participate in BMU formation by interacting both simultaneously and at different differentiation stages with their progenitors, other cells, and bone matrix constituents. Therefore,bone remodeling is currently considered a physiological outcome of continuous cellular operational processes optimized to confer a survival advantage. Bone remodeling defines the primary activities that BMUs need to perform to renew successfully bone structural units. Hence, this review summarizes the current understanding of bone remodeling and future research directions with the aim of providing a clinically relevant biological background with which to identify targets for therapeutic strategies in osteoporosis.

关键词： remodeling replace initially

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New insights for the catalytic oxidation of cyclohexane to K-A oil

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 45-51,I0002页

作者： alessandro Vomeri Marta Stucchi Alberto Villa Claudio Evangelisti rea Beck Laura Prati Dipartimento di Chimica Universitàdegli Studi di MilanoVia Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly CNR-ICCOM-Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici Via G.Moruzzi 1I-56124 PisaItaly Centre for Energy Research Surface Chemistry and Catalysis DepartmentP.O.Box 49H-1525 BudapestHungary

Au-based catalysts have been reported to be active in the cyclohexane oxidation to K-A oil, but they showed some limitiations in terms of productivity, selectivity and required reaction conditions. The possibility to overcome some of these limits has been explored coupling Au with Cu, which can be suitable for undergoing the electron-switch in the initial step of the cyclohexane oxidation. Hence, a bimetallic 2 wt% Au Cu/Al_(2)O_(3) catalyst was tested in the oxidation of cyclohexane, working at mild conditions of 120 ℃ and 4 bar of O_(2). The combination of the catalyst with a very small amount of benzaldehyde used as cheaper and non-toxic radical initiator allowed to obtain a very high productivity of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone(45 mmol*m L/mgmet*h) with a selectivity of 94%. Moreover, comparing the catalysed reaction with the non-catalysed one, the role of the catalyst has been disclosed.

关键词： K-A oil Cyclohexane oxidation Benzaldehyde Radical initiator Heterogeneous catalysis Radical mechanism AuCu bimetallic catalyst

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The first comprehensive Milky Way stellar mock catalogue for the Chinese Space Station Telescope Survey Camera

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中国科学:物理学、力学、天文学英文版 2023年第11期66卷 206-220页

作者： Yang Chen Xiaoting Fu Chao Liu Piero Dal Tio Léo Girardi Giada Pastorelli alessandro Mazzi Michele Trabucchi Hao Tian Dongwei Fan Paola Marigo alessandro Bressan School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei230601China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing210023China Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Galileo Galilei Universitàdi PadovaPadovaI-35122Italy INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova PadovaI-35122Italy National Astronomical Data Center Beijing100101China SISSA via Bonomea 365TriesteI-34136Italy

The Chinese Space Station Telescope(CSST)is a cutting-edge two-meter astronomical space telescope currently under *** primary Survey Camera(SC)is designed to conduct large-area imaging sky surveys using a sophisticated seven-band photometric *** resulting data will provide unprecedented data for studying the structure and stellar populations of the Milky *** support the CSST development and scientific projects related to its survey data,we generate the first comprehensive Milky Way stellar mock catalogue for the CSST SC photometric system using the TRILEGAL stellar population synthesis *** catalogue includes approximately 12.6 billion stars,covering a wide range of stellar parameters,photometry,astrometry,and kinematics,with magnitude reaching down to g=27.5 mag in the AB magnitude *** catalogue represents our benchmark understanding of the stellar populations in the Milky Way,enabling a direct comparison with the future CSST survey ***,it sheds light on faint stars hidden from current sky *** crowding limit analysis based on this catalogue provides compelling evidence for the extension of the CSST Optical Survey(OS)to cover low Galactic latitude *** strategic extension of the CSST-OS coverage,combined with this comprehensive mock catalogue,will enable transformative science with the CSST.

关键词： The Chinese Space Station Telescope(CSST) stellar content and populations Milky Way sky surveys

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