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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New series) 2024年

作者： Ayush Porwal Praveen Kumar Tyagi ajay sharma Dheeraj Kumar Agarwal Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering Shri G.S.Institute of Technology and Science Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology School of Computing Science and Engineering VIT Bhopal University

In recent years， Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) has developed into an essential instrument for interpreting human emotions from auditory data. The proposed research focused on the development of a SER system employing deep learning and multiple datasets containing samples of emotive speech. The primary objective of this research endeavor is to investigate the utilization of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in the process of sound feature extraction. Stretching， pitch manipulation， and noise injection are a few of the techniques utilized in this study to improve the data quality. The investigation includes coverage of these methods. Feature extraction methods including Zero Crossing Rate， Chroma＿stft， MFCC， RMS， and MelSpectogram are used to train a model. By using these techniques， audio signals can be transformed into recognized features that can be utilized to train the model. Ultimately， the study will produce a thorough evaluation of the model’s performance. When this method was applied， the model achieved an impressive accuracy of 94.57% on the test dataset. Proposed work also validated on EMO-BD and IEMOCAP dataset. These consist of further data augmentation， feature engineering， and hyperparameter optimization. By following these development paths， SER systems will be able to be implemented in real-world scenarios with greater accuracy and resilience.

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Is de novo membranous nephropathy suggestive of alloimmunity in renal transplantation?A case report

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World Journal of Transplantation 2022年第1期12卷 15-20页

作者： Prakash I Darji Himanshu A Patel Bhavya P Darji ajay sharma Ahmed Halaw Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Zydus HospitalsAhmedabad 380059GujaratIndia Internship Department of MedicineGCS Medical CollegeHospital and Research CentreAhmedabad 380025GujaratIndia Faculty of Health and Life Science Institute of Learning and TeachingUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L693BXUnited Kingdom Consultant Transplant Surgeon Royal Liverpool University HospitalsLiverpool L78XPUnited Kingdom Department of Transplantation Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S102JFUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Post-transplant nephrotic syndrome(PTNS)in a renal allograft carries a 48%to 77%risk of graft failure at 5 years if proteinuria *** can be due to either recurrence of native renal disease or de novo glomerular *** prognosis depends upon the underlying *** describe a case of post-transplant membranous nephropathy(MN)that developed 3 mo after kidney *** patient was properly evaluated for pathophysiology,which helped in the management of the *** SUMMARY This 22-year-old patient had chronic *** received a living donor kidney,and human leukocyte antigen-DR(HLA-DR)mismatching was *** was discovered at the follow-up visit 3 mo after the *** histopathology was suggestive of *** the past antibody-mediated rejection(ABMR)might have been misinterpreted as de novo MN due to the lack of technologies available to make an accurate *** researchers have observed that HLA-DR is present on podocytes causing an anti-DR antibody deposition and development of de novo *** also reported poor prognosis in their ***,we excluded the secondary causes of *** was suggestive of IgG1 deposits that favoured the diagnosis of de novo *** patient responded well to an increase in the dose of tacrolimus and angiotensin converting enzyme *** Exposure of hidden antigens on the podocytes in allografts may have led to subepithelial antibody deposition causing de novo MN.

关键词： Post-transplant nephrotic syndrome Recurrent membranous nephropathy Secondary membranous nephropathy Alloimmunity Cryptic antigens Case report

Does steroid-free immunosuppression improve the outcome in kidney transplant recipients compared to conventional protocols?

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World Journal of Transplantation 2021年第4期11卷 99-113页

作者： Ahmed Aref ajay sharma Ahmed Halawa Department of Nephrology Sur hospitalSur 411Oman Department of Transplantation Royal Liverpool University HospitalsLiverpool 111United Kingdom Department of Transplantation Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S57AUUnited Kingdom

Steroids continue to be the cornerstone of immune suppression since the early days of organ *** are key component of induction protocols,maintenance therapy and in the treatment of various forms of *** steroid use resulted in significant side effects on almost all the body organs owing to the presence of steroid receptors in most of the mammalian *** allograft recipients had to accept the short and long term complications of steroids because of lack of effective *** situation changed with the introduction of newer and more effective immune suppression agents with a relatively more acceptable side effect *** a result,the clinicians have been contemplating if it is the time to abandon the unquestionable reliance on maintenance steroids in modern transplantation *** review aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of various steroid-minimization approaches(steroid avoidance,early steroid withdrawal,and late steroid withdrawal)in kidney transplant recipients.A meticulous electronic search was conducted through the available data resources like SCOPUS,MEDLINE,and Liverpool University library *** articles obtained through our search were included.A total number of 90 articles were eligible to be included in this review[34 randomised controlled trials(RCT)and 56 articles of other research modalities].All articles were evaluating the safety and efficacy of various steroidfree approaches in comparison to maintenance *** will cover only the RCT articles in this *** used in right clinical context,steroid-free protocols proved to be comparable to steroid-based maintenance *** appropriate approach should be tailored individually according to each recipient immunological challenges and clinical condition.

关键词： Kidney transplantation Steroid free Immune suppression Steroid avoidance Steroid withdrawal Outcome

Transport of solutes under transient flow conditions–A case study–Yamuna river sub basin(Kosi Kalan to Agra)

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2015年第3期3卷 209-223页

作者： Arun Kumar ajay Kumar sharma Ashu Rani Department of Mathematics Government College Kota(Raj.)India Department of Pure&Applied Chemistry University of KotaKotaIndia

The imbalance between incoming and outgoing salt causes salinization of soils and sub-soils that result in increasing the salinity of stream-flows and agriculture *** salinization is a serious environmental hazard particularly in semi-arid and arid *** order to estimate the magnitude of the hazard posed by salinity,it is important to understand and identify the processes that control salt movement from the soil surface through the root zone to the ground water and stream *** the present study,Yamuna sub-basin(both sides of Gokul dam site)has been selected which has two distinct climatic zones,sub-humid(upstream of Mathura)and semi-arid region(downstream of Mathura).In the upstream,both surface and ground waters are used for irrigation,whereas in the downstream mostly groundwater is *** soils and ground waters are more saline in downstream parts of the study *** this study we characterized the soil salinity and groundwater quality in both *** attempt is also made to model the distribution of potassium concentration in the soil profile in response to varying irrigation conditions using the Soil-Water Infiltration and Movement(SWIM)*** agreement was obtained between predicted and measured results indicating the applicability of the model.

关键词： SWIM Disc permeameter Guelph permeameter Hydrolysis Soil moisture

Antioxidant,lipid peroxidation inhibition and free radical scavenging efficacy of a diterpenoid compound sugiol isolated from Metasequoia glyptostroboides

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2014年第1期7卷 9-15页

作者： Vivek K.Bajpai ajay sharma Sun Chul Kang Kwang-Hyun Baek School of Biotechnology Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanGyeongbook 712-749Republic of Korea

Objective:To investigate the antioxidant enicacy of a biologically active dilerpenoid compound sugiol isolated from Metasequoia glyptostroboides(***)in various antioxidant ***:An abietane type diterpenoid sugiol,isolated from ethyl acetate extract of *** cones,was analyzed for its antioxidant efficacy as reducing power ability and lipid peroxidation inhibition as well as its ability to scavenge free radicals such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl,nitric oxide,superoxide and hydroxyl ***:The sugiol showed significant and concentration-dependent antioxidant and free radical scavenging ***,the sugiol exerted lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect by 76.3%as compared to a-tocopherol(80.13%)and butylaled hydroxyanisole(76.59%).In addition,the sugiol had significant scavenging activities of l,l-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl,nitric oxide,superoxide and hydroxyl free radicals in a concentration-dependent manner by 78.83%,72.42%,72.99%and 85.04%,when compared to the standard compound ascorbic acid(81.69%,74.62%,73.00%and 73.79%)and a-tocopherol/butylated hydroxyanisole(84.09%,78.61%,74.45%and 70.02%),***:These findings justify the biological and traditional uses of *** or its secondary metabolites as confirmed by its promising antioxidant efficacy.

关键词： Sugiol Diterpenoid Antioxidant Free radicals Lipid peroxidation

Pancreatic transplantation: Brief review of the current evidence

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World Journal of Transplantation 2019年第4期9卷 81-93页

作者： Ahmed Aref Tariq Zayan Ravi Pararajasingam ajay sharma Ahmed Halawa Department of Nephrology Sur HospitalSur 411Oman Faculty of Health and Science Institute of Learning and TeachingUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L69 3GBUnited Kingdom Department of Transplantation Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S5 7AUUnited Kingdom Renal Medicine Royal Liverpool University HospitalsLiverpool L7 8XPUnited Kingdom Department of Transplantation Surgery Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S5 7AUUnited Kingdom

Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for management of end-stage renal ***,in diabetic patients,the underlying metabolic disturbance will persist and even may get worse after isolated kidney *** transplantation in humans was first introduced in *** initial outcome was ***,this was changed after the improvement of surgical techniques together with better patient selection and the availability of potent and better-tolerated immune-suppression like cyclosporine and induction *** kidney and pancreas transplantation will not only solve the problem of organ failure,but it will also stabilise or even reverse the metabolic complications of *** kidney and pancreas transplantation have the best long term outcome in diabetic cases with renal ***,at the cost of an initial increase in morbidity and risk of *** transplantation options include pancreas after kidney transplantation and islet cell *** aim by this work to explore various options which can be offered to a diabetic patient with advanced chronic kidney *** work will provide a simplified,yet up-to-date information regarding the different management options for those diabetic chronic kidney failure patients.

关键词： Combined kidney pancrease transplantation Renal transplantation Diabetic kidney disease Diabetes mellitus

Ebola virus disease: past, present and future

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第5期5卷 337-343页

作者： Harish Rajak Deepak Kumar Jain Avineesh Singh ajay Kumar sharma Anshuman Dixit Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guru Ghasidas University Department of Pharmacy G.S.V.M. Medical College Institute of Life Sciences

Ebola virus disease is one of the most deadly ailments known to mankind due to its high mortality rate(up to 90%) accompanying with the disease. Ebola haemorrhagic fever(EHF) is an infectious disease of animal that can be transmitted to both human and non-human primates. The first epidemic of EHF occurred in 1976 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The incubation period of ebola is less than 21 days. Ebola virus infections are depicted by immune suppression and a systemic inflammatory response that leads to damage of the vascular, coagulation and immune systems, causing multi-organ failure and shock. Five genetically distinct members of the Filoviridae family responsible for EHF are as follows: Zaire ebolavirus, Sudan ebolavirus, C?te d'Ivoire ebolavirus, Bundibugyo ebolavirus and Reston ebolavirus. The ongoing 2014 West Africa ebola epidemic has been considered as the most serious panic in the medical field with respect to both the number of human cases and death toll. The natural host for ebola virus is unknown, thus it is not possible to carry out programs to regulate or abolish virus from transmission to people. The ebola virus infection provides little chance to develop acquired immunity causing rapid progression of the disease. It is pertinent to mention that at present, there is no antiviral therapy or vaccine that is helpful against ebola virus infection in humans. The impediment of EHF necessitates much better understanding of the epidemiology of the disease, particularly the role of wildlife, as well as bats, in the spread of ebola virus to humans.

关键词： Ebola virus disease Ebola haemorrhagic fever Ebola virus Filoviridae

Journey of a patient with scleroderma from renal failure up to kidney transplantation

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World Journal of Transplantation 2021年第9期11卷 372-387页

作者： Fedaey Abbas Mohsen El Kossi Ihab Sakr Shaheen ajay sharma Ahmed Halawa Department of Nephrology Faculty of Health and ScienceUniversity of LiverpoolInstitute of Learning and TeachingSchool of MedicineLiverpool L693GBUnited Kingdom Doncaster Renal Unit Doncaster Royal InfirmaryDoncaster DN25LTUnited Kingdom Department of Paediatric Nephrology St James’s University HospitalGlasgow G514TFUnited Kingdom Department of Transplant Surgery Royal Liverpool University HospitalLiverpool L78XPUnited Kingdom Department of Transplant Surgery Sheffield Teaching HospitalSheffield S57AUUnited Kingdom

The increased awareness of systemic sclerosis(SS)and its pathogenetic background made the management of this disease more amenable than previously ***,scleroderma renal crisis(SRC)is a rarely seen as an associated disorder that may involve 2%-15%of SS *** presented with earlier,rapidly progressing,diffuse cutaneous SS disease,mostly in the first 3-5 years after non-Raynaud clinical manifestations,are more vulnerable to develop *** comprises a collection of acute,mostly symptomatic rise in blood pressure,elevation in serum creatinine concentrations,oliguria and thrombotic microangiopathy in almost 50%of *** advent of the antihypertensive angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in 1980 was associated with significant improvement in SRC *** a scleroderma patient maintained on regular dialysis;every effort should be exerted to declare any possible evidence of renal recovery.A given period of almost two years has been suggested prior to proceeding in a kidney transplant(KTx).Of note,SS patients on dialysis have the highest opportunity of renal recovery and withdrawal from dialysis as compared to other causes of end-stage renal disease(ESRD).KTx that is the best well-known therapeutic option for ESRD patients can also be offered to SS *** to other primary renal diseases,SS-related ESRD was considered for a long period of poor patient and allograft *** involvement in an SS patient is considered a strong post-transplant independent risk factor of *** of SRC after transplantation has been observed in some ***,an excellent post-transplant patient and graft outcome have been recently ***,the absence of extrarenal manifestations in an SS-induced ESRD patient can be accepted as a robust indicator for a successful KTx.

关键词： Systemic sclerosis Scleroderma renal crisis Risk factors Renal failure Hemodialysis Kidney transplant

Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders:Current concepts and future therapeutic approaches

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World Journal of Transplantation 2020年第2期10卷 29-46页

作者： Fedaey Abbas Mohsen El Kossi Ihab Sakr Shaheen ajay sharma Ahmed Halawa Nephrology Department Jaber El Ahmed Military HospitalSafat 13005Kuwait Faculty of Health and Science University of LiverpoolInstitute of Learning and TeachingSchool of MedicineLiverpool L693GBUnited Kingdom Doncaster Royal Infirmary Doncaster DN25LTUnited Kingdom Department of Paediatric Nephrology Royal Hospital for ChildrenGlasgow G514TFUnited Kingdom Department of Transplant Surgery Royal Liverpool University HospitalsLiverpool L78XPUnited Kingdom Department of Transplantation Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S57AUUnited Kingdom

Transplant recipients are vulnerable to a higher risk of malignancy after solid organ transplantation and allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell *** lymphoproliferative disorders(PTLD)include a wide spectrum of diseases ranging from benign proliferation of lymphoid tissues to frank malignancy with aggressive *** main risk factors of PTLD are:Firstly,the cumulative immunosuppressive burden,and secondly,the oncogenic impact of the Epstein-Barr *** latter is a key pathognomonic driver of PTLD *** the last two decades,a considerable progress has been made in diagnosis and therapy of *** treatment of PTLD includes reduction of immunosuppression,rituximab therapy,either isolated or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents,adoptive therapy,surgical intervention,antiviral therapy and *** this review we shall discuss the prevalence,clinical clues,prophylactic measures as well as the current and future therapeutic strategies of this devastating disorder.

关键词： Lymphoproliferative disorders Epstein-Barr virus Solid organ transplant Hematopoietic stem cell transplant Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder prevention Future therapies

Belatacept in renal transplantation in comparison to tacrolimus and molecular understanding of resistance pattern:Meta-analysis and systematic review

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World Journal of Transplantation 2021年第3期11卷 70-86页

作者： Jayant Kumar Isabella Reccia Francesco Virdis Mauro Podda ajay Kumar sharma Ahmed Halawa Department of Cancer and Surgery Imperial CollegeLondon W120HSUnited Kingdom Department of Emergency General Surgery Royal Free HospitalLondon NW32QGUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery GeneralEmergency and Robotic Surgical UnitSan Francesco HospitalNuoro 08100Italy Department of Transplantation Royal Liverpool University HospitalLiverpool L78XPUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S102JFUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND The T-cell costimulation blocking agent belatacept has been identified as a possible substitute for calcineurin inhibitors,however,no consensus has been established against its use over the standard care agent *** To evaluate the effectiveness of belatacept based maintenance immunosuppressive regimens in comparison to tacrolimus in renal *** We did extensive search of all the available literature comparing the role of belatacept to tacrolimus in renal transplant recipients by searching the PubMed,Embase,Cochrane,Crossref,Scopus,clinical trials registry on October 5,*** The literature search identified four randomized controlled trials(n=173 participants)comparing belatacept with *** was no significant difference in estimated renal function at 12 mo[mean difference 4.12 mL/min/1.73 m^(2),confidence interval(CI):-2.18 to 10.42,P=0.20].Further,belatacept group was associated with significant increase in biopsy proven acute rejection[relative risk(RR)=3.27,CI:0.88 to 12.11,P=0.08]and worse 12 mo allograft survival(RR=4.51,CI:1.23 to 16.58,P=0.02).However,incidence of new onset diabetes mellitus was lower with belatacept at 12 mo(RR=0.26,CI:0.07 to 0.99,P=0.05).CONCLUSION The evidence reviewed in this meta-analysis suggested that belatacept-based maintenance immunosuppression regimens were associated with an increased risk allograft loss in renal transplant recipients with equivalent renal functioning against standard tacrolimus;however,observed significantly reduced new onset diabetes mellitus after transplantation incidence and lower serum low density lipid profile levels in belatacept *** addition,the adaptation of belatacept in renal transplantation has been forestalled by increased rates of rejection and resistance owing to development of various effector memory T cells through,parallel differentiation and immunological plasticity.

关键词： Adverse events Calcineurin inhibitors Belatacept Tacrolimus Graft failure Kidney transplantation