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New Realization of Disaster Risk Reduction Education in the Context of a Global Pandemic: Lessons from Japan

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第4期12卷 568-580页

作者： Rajib Shaw aiko Sakurai Yukihiko Oikawa Graduate School of Media and Governance Keio UniversityFujisawa252-0882Japan Department of Social Sciences Toyo Eiwa UniversityYokohama226-0015Japan International Research Institute of Disaster Science Tohoku UniversitySendai980-0845Japan Center for Ocean Literacy and Education University of TokyoTokyo113-0032Japan

The global COVID-19 pandemic has challenged different development sectors,including *** this article,two main analyses are provided:one on the biological hazards of the pandemic in the context of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015−2030,which analyzes the overall impacts on the education *** we discuss the overall impact on education sectors,with specific focus on disaster risk reduction(DRR)education and education for sustainable development(ESD).Disaster risk reduction education and ESD are analyzed from the perspective of school-community-family *** case analysis of COVID-19 response in the education sector is presented from Omuta City,Japan,which is considered as a champion city for *** phases of response in Omuta City are characterized with three specific foci:(1)mitigating covid impacts on educational program and participants;(2)preventing exacerbation of covid transmission within and outside schools;and(3)maintaining educational program integrity despite *** lessons are summarized in the concluding section,which explore the importance of(1)educational governance(on critical decision making)during the pandemic as well as with cascading risks;(2)enhancement of school-community-family linkages as pandemic response commonalities between ESD and DRR education;(3)risk communication and citizen behavior;and(4)use of *** argue that integration of health and DRR education is important,that resilience needs to be redefined in terms of sustainable development goals(SDGs),and that education plays a vital role in achieving these ends.

关键词： Citizen behavior Disaster risk reduction education Education for sustainable development Global COVID-19 pandemic Japan School-community-family linkage

Outcomes of administrative involuntary hospitalization: A national retrospective cohort study in Japan

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2019年第7期9卷 99-106页

作者： Akihiro Shiina aiko Sato Masaomi Iyo Chiyo Fujii Division of Medical Treatment and Rehabilitation Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental HealthChiba 2608670Japan Department of Psychiatry Chiba University Graduate School of MedicineChiba 2608670Japan Department of Community Mental Health and Law National Institute of Mental HealthKodaira-shi 1878552Japan

BACKGROUND Treatment for offenders with mental disorders is a key concern in public mental *** of adequate psychiatric treatment is important for the offender and their *** approach used in Japan to address this issue is administrative involuntary *** this scheme,a person at risk for harming themselves or others because of a mental disorder can be involuntarily hospitalized in a designated psychiatric ***,this scheme does not include tracking of these patients after *** some data for administrative involuntary hospitalizations are available,it remains unclear what happens to these patients after *** To evaluate follow-up of patients under administrative involuntary hospitalization after discharge and obtain data for later comparisons with *** We used a retrospective design and conducted a national survey of administrative involuntary *** were distributed to 939 facilities across *** questionnaire collected data for selected involuntary hospitalization cases in the hospital on June 30,2010(census date),and the prognoses of each patient on a specified date in 2011 and *** also asked about the treatment provided to each *** stratified patients by prognosis(good or poor),and used logistic regression analysis to examine the relationship between treatment and *** We received completed questionnaires from 292 facilities(response rate 31.1%);105 facilities had no relevant *** analysis included data for 394 patients with valid *** statistics indicated 1503 patients were under administrative involuntary hospitalization as at June 30,2012,meaning the capture rate was 27.2%.Approximately a fourth(104/394)at 1 year,and a third(137/294)at 2 years after the census had unknown *** content included multi-disciplinary team meetings(78.2%of patients),counseling by public workers(59.9%),and discussion wi

关键词： Involuntary hospitalization Japan Mental disorders Offenders Discharge Outcomes Follow-up

Nanodot array deposition via single shot laser interference pattern using laser-induced forward transfer

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2020年第2期2卷 114-118页

作者： Yoshiki Nakata Eiki Hayashi Koji Tsubakimoto Noriaki Miyanaga aiko Narazaki Tatsuya Shoji Yasuyuki Tsuboi Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Institute for Laser Technology 1-8-4 Utsubo-honmachiNishi-kuOsaka 550-0004Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Chuo 21-1-1 UmezonoTsukubaIbaraki 305-8568Japan Department of Chemistry Osaka City University3-3-138SugimotoSumiyoshi-kuOsaka 558-8585Japan

Laser-induced forward transfer(LIFT)is a direct-writing technique capable of depositing a single dot smaller than the laser wavelength at small shot energy through the laser-induced dot transfer(LIDT)*** deposit a single nanodot in a single shot of laser irradiation,a liquid nanodrop is transferred from donor to receiver and finally solidified via a solid–liquid–solid(SLS)*** conventional LIDT experiments,multi-shots with step scanning have been used to form array ***,interference laser processing can achieve an arrayed process and generate a periodic structure in a single *** this study,a femtosecond laser interference pattern was first applied to LIDT,and an array of nanodots was successfully deposited in a single shot,producing the following unit structures:a single dot,adjoining dots,and stacking *** diameter of the smallest nanodot was 355 nm,and the narrowest gap between two adjoining nanodots was 17.2 *** LIDT technique produces high-purity,catalyst-free that do not require post-cleaning or alignment *** these significant advantages,LIDT can expand the usability of nanodots in a wide range of fields.

关键词： interference laser processing laser-induced dot transfer nanodot array femtosecond laser solid-liquid-solid mechanism Au

Differences between British and Japanese perspectives on forensic mental health systems:A preliminary study

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2017年第1期7卷 8-11页

作者： Akihiro Shiina Aika Tomoto Soichiro Omiya aiko Sato Masaomi Iyo Yoshito Igarashi Division of Medical Treatment and Rehabilitation Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health Division of Law and Psychiatry Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health Social Psychiatry and Mental Health Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Tsukuba Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine

AIM To clarify the differences in views on forensic mental health(FMH) systems between the United Kingdom and *** We conducted a series of semi-structured interviews with six leading forensic psychiatrists. Based on a discussion by the research team, we created an interview form. After we finished conducting all the interviews, we qualitatively analyzed their content. RESULTS In the United Kingdom the core domain of FMH was risk assessment and management; however, in Japan, the core domain of FMH was psychiatric testimony. In the United Kingdom, forensic psychiatrists were responsible for ensuring public safety, and psychopathy was identified as a disease but deemed as not suitable for medical treatment. On the other hand, in Japan, psychopathy was not considered a mental illness. CONCLUSION In conclusion, there are considerable differences between the United Kingdom and Japan with regard to the concepts of FMH. Some ideas taken from both cultures for better FMH practice were suggested.

关键词： Forensic mental health Medical treatment and supervision act Psychopathy International comparison Qualitative research

Pathway-selective suppression of chemokine receptor signaling in B cells by LPS through downregulation of PLC-b2

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2010年第6期7卷 428-439页

作者： aiko-Konno Shirakawa Fang Liao Hongwei H Zhang Michael N Hedrick Satya P Singh Dianqing Wu Joshua M Farber Inflammation Biology Section Laboratory of Molecular ImmunologyNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Department of Pharmacology Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA

Lymphocyte activation leads to changes in chemokine receptor *** are limited data,however,on how lymphocyte activators can alter chemokine signaling by affecting downstream *** hypothesized that B cell-activating agents might alter chemokine responses by affecting downstream signal transducers,and that such effects might differ depending on the *** found that activating mouse B cells using either anti-IgM or lipopolysaccharide(LPS)increased the surface expression of CCR6 and CCR7 with large increases in chemotaxis to their cognate *** contrast,while anti-IgM also led to enhanced calcium responses,LPS-treated cells showed only small changes in calcium signaling as compared with cells that were freshly *** particular interest,we found that LPS caused a reduction in the level of B-cell phospholipase C(PLC)-b2 mRNA and *** obtained using PLC-b22/2 mice showed that the b2 isoform mediates close to one-half the chemokine-induced calcium signal in resting and anti-IgM-activated B cells,and we found that calcium signals in the LPS-treated cells were boosted by increasing the level of PLC-b2 using transfection,consistent with a functional effect of downregulating ***,our results show activator-specific effects on responses through B-cell chemokine receptors that are mediated by quantitative changes in a downstream signal-transducing protein,revealing an activity for LPS as a downregulator of PLC-b2,and a novel mechanism for controlling chemokine-induced signals in lymphocytes.

关键词： B cells calcium chemokine chemotaxis GPCR

Palestinian Migration Under the Occupation： Influence of Israeli Democracy and Stratified Citizenship

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Sociology Study 2013年第4期3卷 247-260页

作者： aiko Nishikida Shingo Hamanaka Tokyo University of Foreign Studies Japan yamagata University Japan

Continuous conflict has affected the migration of the Palestinians. Following the first exodus in 1948, they continued to migrate out of compulsion or for practical reasons. This paper clarifies the contemporary situation and perceptions of migration among the Palestinians in the West Bank, Gaza Strip, and East Jerusalem. Given the influence of regulations, this study situates those areas as part of the Israeli democratic system. Based on an original poll survey conducted in the summer of 2011, the analysis attempts to explain the relationship between migration and citizenship. People＇s migration is analyzed in relation to their different statuses as citizens. The variants of the statuses are considered to be a result of the system of stratified citizenship, and it is characterized as a component of the democratic system of Israel.

关键词： Palestine Israel stratified citizenship migration democracy

An Economic Model of Bystanders’ Behaviour

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2016年第1期4卷 33-38页

作者： Yuriko Isada Nobuko Igaki aiko Shibata School of Policy Studies Kwansei Gakuin University Hyogo Japan Board of Trustee International Christian University Tokyo Japan

In this paper, we deal with a classroom where bullying is occurring and assume that if a number of bystanders who tattle bullying exceeds a threshold, then bullying is stopped. Bystanders’ behaviour is formulated as a non-cooperative game, with negative externality, retaliation cost and reporting cost. Our research shows that to stop bullying, it is useful to raise the cost of negative externality and to reduce the retaliation cost and or the reporting cost. Additionally, it is shown that small class is effective in preventing bullying.

关键词： Bullying Non-Corporative Game Small Class Free Rider

Effect of educational intervention on attitudes toward the concept of criminal responsibility

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2017年第4期7卷 197-206页

作者： Akihiro Shiina Tomihisa Niitsu aiko Sato Soichiro Omiya Takako Nagata Aika Tomoto Hiroyuki Watanabe Yoshito Igarashi Masaomi Iyo Division of Medical Treatment and Rehabilitation Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health Department of Psychiatry Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Social Psychiatry and Mental Health Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare Division of Law and Psy-chiatry Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health

AIM To evaluate the effect of educational intervention on individuals' knowledge of and attitudes toward forensic mental *** We conducted a questionnaire regarding attitudes toward various ideas about forensic mental health. The respondents attended a 1-h seminar regarding forensic mental health after answering the questionnaire. On completion of the seminar, the respondents answered another questionnaire containing many of the same questions as contained in the pre-seminar *** A total of 86 individuals attended the seminar, and 78 responded to the questionnaire. Only 13(18.8%) participants were supportive of the concept of criminal responsibility initially, and there was a statistically significant increase in those who became more supportive after the seminar, with 22(33%) being supportive after the seminar(Wilcoxon signed-rank test, P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that participants who were skeptical about forensic mental systems and those with fewer opportunities to see media reports regarding psychiatry were likely to become supportive of criminal responsibility after the *** These results suggest that public attitudes toward criminal responsibility and mental health can be influenced via educational interventions.

关键词： Forensic psychiatry Criminal responsibility Psychiatry,Law and Ethics Public policy Education in psychiatry Anti-stigma in psychiatry

Lightning Induced Surge on the Distribution Lines in the House near by the Lightning Point

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2012年第5期6卷 840-844页

作者： aiko Takahara Ryoji Oshiro Eiji Kaneko Graduate School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of the Ryukyus Okinawa 903-0213 Japan Toshiba Corporation Hamakawasaki Works Kawasaki 210-0862 Japan

Recently, a lightning surge is recognized as one of the biggest risks to the society. If the surges induced by lightning invade into low voltage distribution lines, there might be a possibility of giving some severe damages to the systems. Therefore, it is necessary to examine these induced phenomena. FDTD （finite difference time domain） method which treats objects as three-dimensional solid circuits is applied to analyze these induced phenomena. VSTL （Virtual Surge Test Lab.） is the surge analysis simulation program using FDTD method. In this paper, the lightning induced phenomena on the low voltage distribution line in the house are analyzed by using VSTL. In this paper, investigation results about induced surge when a lightning struck the point nearby the house, and about a suppressing effect of surges by comparing the results of analysis with and without SPD （surge protective device） are shown. As a result, it is confirmed that SPD is effective for suppressing lightning surge.

关键词： Lightning surge induced phenomena FDTD method distribution line VSTL.