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Current trends in drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2019年第6期9卷 1113-1144页

作者： yuhua Li Qiang Meng Mengbi Yang Dongyang Liu Xiangyu Hou Lan Tang Xin Wang yuanfeng Lyu Xiaoyan Chen Kexin Liu ai-Ming yu Zhong Zuo Huichang Bi School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006China College of Pharmacy Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044China School of Pharmacy the Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Drug Clinical Trial Center Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China School of Life Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China UC Davis School of Medicine SacramentoCA 95817USA

Pharmacokinetics(PK)is the study of the absorption,distribution,metabolism,and excretion(ADME)processes of a *** PK properties is essential for drug development and precision *** this review we provided an overview of recent research on PK with focus on the following aspects:(1)an update on drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in the determination of PK,as well as advances in xenobiotic receptors and noncoding RNAs(ncRNAs)in the modulation of PK,providing new understanding of the transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms that result in inter-individual variations in pharmacotherapy;(2)current status and trends in assessing drug-drug interactions,especially interactions between drugs and herbs,between drugs and therapeutic biologies,and microbiota-mediated interactions:(3)advances in understanding the effects of diseases on PK,particularly changes in metabolizing enzymes and transporters with disease progression;(4)trends in mathematical modeling including physiologically-based PK modeling and novel animal models such as CRISPR/Cas9-based animal models for DMPK studies:(5)emerging non-classical xenobiotic metabolic pathways and the involvement of novel metabolic enzymes,especially *** challenges and perspectives on future directions are discussed,and may stimulate the development of new research models,technologies,and strategies towards the development of better drugs and improved clinical practice.

关键词： Pharmacokinetics Drug metabolism Drug-drug interactions Modeling Metabolizing enzymes Transporters Nuclear receptors Noncoding RNAs

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世界女子篮球联赛绍兴市现场观众特征、赛事期望与满意度调查

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中国体育科技 2007年第3期43卷 31-35,46页

作者：俞爱玲绍兴文理学院体育学院浙江绍兴312000

从体育营销学的视角,采用问卷调查和数理统计等研究方法,对2006万丰奥特FIBA世界女子篮球联赛绍兴市现场观众进行调查研究,研究认为,应根据现场观众的特征与期望,适当增加观众认可范围票价的数量;加强赛前赛事产品宣传,中场休息期间增... 详细信息

从体育营销学的视角,采用问卷调查和数理统计等研究方法,对2006万丰奥特FIBA世界女子篮球联赛绍兴市现场观众进行调查研究,研究认为,应根据现场观众的特征与期望,适当增加观众认可范围票价的数量;加强赛前赛事产品宣传,中场休息期间增加扣篮、快攻等精彩篮球竞技表演场面,组织与提供与篮球明星交流的机会;进一步完善体育场(馆)在经营与服务方面的功能,多方宣传欣赏篮球比赛的基本知识,多渠道获取观众对赛事服务质量的意见并能做出快速反应,以提高现场观众的满意度。

关键词：篮球女子世界联赛观众特征期望满意度

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Metataxonomics of Internal Transcribed Spacer amplicons in cerebrospinal fluid for diagnosing and genotyping of cryptococcal meningitis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第23期132卷 2827-2834页

作者： Ji-Ting Zhu Han Lin Xuan Wu Zhi-Wen Li ai-yu Lin Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology First Affiliated HospitalFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian 350005China School of Postgraduate Education Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian 350122China

Background:Cryptococcal meningitis is a severe infectious disease associated with high morbidity and *** and accuracy of diagnosis contribute to better prognosis,but readily available tools,such as microscopy,culture,and antigens do not perform well all the *** study attempted to diagnose and genotype cryptococcus in the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)samples from patients with cryptococcal meningitis using the approach of metataxonomics of Internal Transcribed Spacer(ITS)***:The CSF samples were collected from 11 clinically suspected cryptococcal meningitis patients and four non-infectious *** were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University Hospital,Fuzhou Fourth Hospital and the 476th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army from December 2017 to December ***1 ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid(rDNA)genes of 15 whole samples were amplified by universal forward primer ITS1(CTTGGTCATTTAGAGGAAGTAA)and reverse primer ITS2(GCTGCGTTCTTCATCGATGC),sequenced by Illumina MiSeq Benchtop *** results were confirmed by sanger sequencing of ITS1 region and partial CAP59 gene of microbial isolates from 11 meningitic ***-wise comparison between infectious group and control group was conducted through permutational multivariate analysis(PERMANOVA)in R ***:The 30,000 to 340,000 high-quality clean reads were obtained from each of the positively stained or cultured CSF samples and 8 to 60 reads from each *** samples from 11 infected patients yielded detectable cryptococcal-specific ITS1 DNA with top abundance(from 95.90%to 99.97%),followed by many other fungal groups(each<1.41%).ITS genotype was defined in 11 CSF samples,corresponding to ITS type 1,and confirmed by Sanger sequencing.A statistically significant difference(r2=0.65869,P=0.0014)between infectious group and control group was ***:The metataxonomics of ITS amplicons facilitates the diagnosis a

关键词： Metataxonomics Internal transcribed spacer amplicons Cerebrospinal fluid Diagnosis Genotype Cryptococcal meningitis

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Analysis of the Current Situation of Stigma Among Elderly Hemodialysis Patients and its Influencing Factors

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第2期8卷 92-97页

作者： Tingting He Heng Zhang yu ai Juan Hu Xiaoying yu Huan Yang Nephrology Department The Third Hospital of MianyangSichuan Mental Health CenterMianyang 621000Sichuan ProvinceChina

Objective:To understand the current situation of stigma among elderly hemodialysis patients and to analyze its influencing ***:Convenience sampling was used to select 242 elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis in one of the two tertiary hospitals in Mianyang *** survey was carried out from December 2022 to March 2023,with the Basic Information Questionnaire,the Social Influence Scale,and the Collaborative Social Support *** influencing factors were analyzed by correlation analysis,univariate analysis,and multiple linear ***:The average stigma score among elderly hemodialysis patients was 72.94±9.58,and the influencing factors of stigma among elderly hemodialysis patients were determined to be social support and economic status(Painly economic status and social *** reduce the occurrence of stigma in elderly hemodialysis patients,appropriate economic support from families and social support from medical personnel are needed.

关键词： Stigma Hemodialysis Influencing factors

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考虑流体升力作用的海洋钻井隔水管变形特性分析

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应用数学和力学 2016年第1期37卷 48-59页

作者：冯钰钦艾志久艾雨西南石油大学机电工程学院成都610500 中国民用航空局西南地区空中交通管理局成都610000

为了分析隔水管在复杂海洋环境下的变形,采用能量法及变分原理建立了隔水管的力学行为模型,并通过中心差商法对模型进行了数值分析.得到了隔水管的三维变形图,并通过计算机编程针对影响隔水管变形的主要因素进行了分析.结果表明,流体升... 详细信息

为了分析隔水管在复杂海洋环境下的变形,采用能量法及变分原理建立了隔水管的力学行为模型,并通过中心差商法对模型进行了数值分析.得到了隔水管的三维变形图,并通过计算机编程针对影响隔水管变形的主要因素进行了分析.结果表明,流体升力因素对隔水管变形有一定程度的影响;浮式钻井平台偏移量对隔水管变形的影响十分显著,隔水管变形随着偏移量的增加而增大;浮力块的安置虽然一定程度地增加了隔水管的变形,但却可以较好地改善隔水管的受力情况;隔水管变形随着顶部张力和钻井液密度的增大而减小.

关键词：隔水管流体升力海洋钻井能量法

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加拿大学校“高质量的日常体育活动计划”的启示

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体育学刊 2006年第2期13卷 104-107页

作者：俞爱玲绍兴文理学院体育系浙江绍兴312000

对20世纪80年代以来在加拿大学校体育中有着广泛影响的“高质量的日常体育活动计划”的思想基础和目标、产生的社会背景、基本内容和特点、评价模式等进行了综合分析和研究,认为对我国学校体育改革很有借鉴意义,并提出了若干建议。

关键词：加拿大高质量的日常体育活动计划学校体育

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发射CT法同时测量含烟黑火焰的温度与烟黑浓度分布的实验研究

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燃烧科学与技术 2005年第2期11卷 179-182页

作者：艾育华周怀春华中科技大学煤燃烧国家重点实验室武汉430074

基于烟黑辐射特性,利用烟黑单色辐射强度图像信息,采用CT算法同时重建含烟黑火焰温度与烟黑浓度分布,对蜡烛火焰与煤油火焰的温度与烟黑体积分数进行了测量.测量结果表明在两种火焰中,较大烟黑浓度都位于较高火焰温度之内,即在火焰外环... 详细信息

基于烟黑辐射特性,利用烟黑单色辐射强度图像信息,采用CT算法同时重建含烟黑火焰温度与烟黑浓度分布,对蜡烛火焰与煤油火焰的温度与烟黑体积分数进行了测量.测量结果表明在两种火焰中,较大烟黑浓度都位于较高火焰温度之内,即在火焰外环的反应区内.另外,由于煤油火焰的燃料量大,因而会增大火焰中的烟黑浓度,辐射损失增大,降低火焰温度.这与有关实验结论是一致的.

关键词：含烟黑火焰温度场烟黑浓度场同时重建

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供水与地膜覆盖对干旱灌区玉米产量的影响

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作物学报 2015年第5期41卷 778-786页

作者：于爱忠柴强甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室/甘肃农业大学农学院甘肃兰州730070

研究限量供水与地膜覆盖对玉米产量的耦合效应,对于充实干旱内陆灌区水资源高效利用理论具有重要意义。在甘肃河西石羊河流域通过田间试验研究了不同覆膜方式（全膜覆盖、半膜覆盖和未覆膜）和不同灌水水平（7200、6450和5700 m3 hm^–... 详细信息

研究限量供水与地膜覆盖对玉米产量的耦合效应,对于充实干旱内陆灌区水资源高效利用理论具有重要意义。在甘肃河西石羊河流域通过田间试验研究了不同覆膜方式（全膜覆盖、半膜覆盖和未覆膜）和不同灌水水平（7200、6450和5700 m3 hm^–2）对玉米产量的影响。结果表明,地膜覆盖方式与灌水量对玉米籽粒产量、收获指数、双穗率、穗粒数、粒重及水分利用效率有显著影响,且二者互作效应显著。全膜覆盖高、中灌水量条件下,玉米籽粒产量分别达到13 275.5 kg hm^–2和12 880.5 kg hm^–2,显著高于同等灌水量的半膜覆盖和未覆膜处理,增幅达7.0%~31.0%。全膜覆盖条件下,玉米水分利用效率达到16.9 kg mm^–1 hm^–2,较半膜覆盖和未覆膜处理分别高12.7%和6.3%,差异显著。全膜覆盖结合高灌水量玉米的双穗率、穗粒数和粒重在各处理中均表现最高,分别达到23.9%、658.6粒穗–1和36.4 g 100粒–1。全膜和半膜覆盖条件下,高灌水量处理玉米全生育期平均叶面积指数（Lai）分别达到2.8和2.7,显著高于对应低灌水处理,中等灌水量处理与低灌水量处理的平均Lai差异不显著;全膜高灌水处理0~30 cm土壤含水量和0~25 cm土层〉0℃积温分别达到23.9%和3717.9℃,显著高于其他各处理。通径分析结果进一步说明,地膜覆盖主要是通过提高双穗率、增加叶面积指数提高了玉米粒重和穗粒数,从而提高玉米籽粒产量,进而双穗率、平均叶面积指数的提高均可归因于耕层土壤水热状况的改善。

关键词：地膜覆盖产量土壤水分土壤积温叶面积指数

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