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Average Convergence for Directed&Undirected Graphs in Distributed Systems

Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第6期37卷 399-413页

作者： ali Mustafa M Najam ul Islam Salman ahmed Bahria University Islamabad44000Pakistan Comsats University Islamabad Attock campus43600Pakistan University of Engineering&Technology Peshawar25000Pakistan

Consensus control of multi-agent systems is an innovative paradigm for the development of intelligent distributed *** has fascinated numerous scientific groups for their promising applications as they have the freedom to achieve their local and global goals and make their own *** communication topologies based on graph and matrix theory are widely used in a various real-time applications ranging from software agents to ***,while sustaining the significance of both directed and undirected graphs,this research emphases on the demonstration of a distributed average consensus *** uses the harmonic mean in the domain of multi-agent systems with directed and undirected graphs under static topologies based on a control input *** proposed agreement protocol focuses on achieving a constant consensus on directional and undirected graphs using the exchange of information between neighbors to update their status values and to be able to calculate the total number of agents that contribute to the communication network at the same *** proposed method is implemented for the identical networks that are considered under the directional and non-directional communication *** different scenarios are simulated and it is concluded that the undirected approach has an advantage over directed graph communication in terms of processing time and the total number of iterations required to achieve *** same network parameters are introduced for both orientations of the communication *** addition,the results of the simulation and the calculation of various matrices are provided at the end to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm to achieve consensus.

关键词： Multi-agent systems average consensus distributed estimation directed graphs undirected graphs agent counting

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The Two-Dimensional Supersonic Flow and Mixing with a Perpendicular Injection in a Scramjet Combustor

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Journal of Thermal Science 2003年第4期12卷 371-380页

作者： Mohammad ali S. ahmed A.K.M. Sadrul Islam Department of Mechanical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh.Department of Mechanical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh.Department of Mechanical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh.

A numerical investigation has been performed on supersonic mixing of hydrogen with air in a Scramjet (Supersonic Combustion Ramjet) combustor and its flame holding capability by solving Two-Dimensional full Navier-Stokes equations. The main flow is air entering through a finite width of inlet and gaseous hydrogen is injected perpendicularly from the side wall. An explicit Harten-Yee Non-MUSCL Modified-flux-type TVD scheme has been used to solve the system of equations, and a zero-equation algebraic turbulence model to calculate the eddy viscosity coefficient. In this study the enhancement of mixing and good flame holding capability of a supersonic combustor have been investigated by varying the distance of injector position from left boundary keeping constant the backward-facing step height and other calculation parameters. The results show that the configuration for small distance of injector position has high mixing efficiency but the upstream recirculation can not evolved properly which is an important factor for flame holding capability. On the other hand, the configuration for very long distance has lower mixing efficiency due to lower gradient of hydrogen mass concentration on the top of injector caused by the expansion of side jet in both upstream and downstream of injector. For moderate distance of injector position, large and elongated upstream recirculation can evolve which might be activated as a good flame holder.

关键词： scramjet engine TVD scheme finite width of inlet supersonic mixing parallel air stream flame holding.

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The effect of different initial densities of nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) on the build-up of Pasteuria penetrans population

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2005年第2期6卷 113-118页

作者： DARBAN Daim ali PATHAN Mumtaz ali BHATTI Abdul Ghaffar MAITELO Sultan ahmed Faculty of Crop Proctection Faculty of Crop ProctectionFaculty of Crop ProctectionFaculty of Crop Proctection Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam Pakistan Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam Pakistan Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam Pakistan Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam Pakistan

Pasteuria penetrans will build-up faster where there is a high initial nematode density and can suppress root-knot nematode populations in the roots of tomato plants. The effect of different initial densities of nematode (Meloidogyne javanica)(150, 750, 1500, 3000) and P. penetrans infected females (F1, F3) densities (F0=control and AC=absolute control without nematode or P. penetrans inoculum) on the build-up of Pasteuria population was investigated over four crop cycles. Two major points of interest were highlighted. First, that within a confined soil volume, densities of P. penetrans can increase >100 times within 2 or 3 crop cycles. Second, from a relatively small amount of spore inoculum, infection of the host is very high. There were more infected females in the higher P. penetrans doses. The root growth data confirms the greater number of females in the controls particularly at the higher inoculum densities in the third and fourth crops. P. penetrans generally caused the fresh root weights to be higher than those in the control. P. penetrans has shown greater reduction of egg masses per plant at most *** effects of different initial densities of M. javanica and P. penetrans on the development of the pest and parasite populations were monitored. And no attempt was made to return the P. penetrans spores to the pots after each crop so the build-up in actual numbers of infected females and spores under natural conditions may be underestimated.

关键词： Pasteuria penetrans Meloidogyne javanica Densities Population build-up

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Jack up reliability analysis:An overview

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2018年第4期12卷 504-514页

作者： Ahmad IDRIS Indra Sati Hamonangan HARAHAP Montasir Osman ahmed ali Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Universiti Teknologi PetronasBandar Seri Iskandar32610Malaysia

Jack up is a mobile unit used for oil and gas exploration and production in offshore fields. On demand, the unit is moved and installed in a given location and used for a period up to 12 months before being un-installed and moved to another location. Due to its mobility and re-usability, when the unit is offered for use in a given offshore location, its suitability in terms of safe operation is evaluated in accordance with the guidelines of Site Specific Assessment (SSA) of jack up. When the unit failed safety assessment criteria, the guideline recommended that it is re-assessed by increasing the complexity of the assumptions and methods used. Reliability analysis theories are one of the frameworks recommended for the safety assessment of the units. With recent developments in uncertainty and reliability analysis of structures subject to stochastic excitation, this study aims at providing a review on the past developments in jack up reliability analysis and to identify possible future directions. The results from literature reviewed shows that failure probabilities vary significantly with analysis method used. In addition, from the variants of reliability analysis approach, the method of time dependent reliability for dynamic structures subject to stochastic excitation have not been implemented on jack ups. Consequently, suggestions were made on the areas that need further examination for improvement of the efficiency in safety assessment of the units using reliability theories.

关键词： jack up reliability analysis uncertainty analysis review of jack up

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Study of K^(*)(892)^(0)andФ(1020)meson production in proton–proton and Pb–Pb collisions at√S_(NN)=2.76 TeV

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2021年第2期73卷 89-95页

作者： Y ali M ahmed A Arif Q ali U Tabassam U Rubab M Suleymanov Department of Physics COMSATS UniversityPark RoadIslamabad44000Pakistan Institute for Physical Problems Baku Suate UniversityBakuAZ 1000Azrbajan

In this paper,we describe a study of charged particle yield as a function of pT for K^(*)(892)0 and phgr(1020)mesons in proton–proton(pp)and Pb–Pb collisions at√S_(NN)=2.76 TeV in the central rapidity region of|y|alidity of these models'simulations,we compared the data obtained from these Monte Carlo simulation programs with aliCE experimental data for√S_(NN)=2.76 *** was concluded that the models'predictions for the phgr-meson in pp and for the most central Pb-Pb collisions disagreed with the aliCE data,and that the difference increased with *** may be connected with the essential role of collective parton behaviors which could not have been taken into account by the *** K^(*)0 mesons,both programs gave almost the same predictions,and with pT in the interval pT>3 GeV c^(−1),the predictions were very close to the experimental *** models gave higher predictions for the soft pT interval and lower predictions for the hard *** values of the RAA distributions were lower than unity and both models were very close to the aliCE *** is very interesting that the models were not able to describe the pT distributions,but they gave good predictions for their *** may possibly be due to parton collective *** observed some additional suppression of K^(*)0 at low values of pT with respect to phgr-mesons,which may be related to the role of the masses of the particles in soft *** rising trend for R_(AA)in the region from pT=10 GeV c^(−1)to 20 GeV c^(−1) observed by the aliCE experiment was absent for theФ-mesons.

关键词： Quark Gluon Plasma EPOS-LHC nuclear modification factor

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Phytochemical analysis and inhibitory effects of Calligonum polygonoides on pancreatic α-amylase and β-glucosidase enzymes

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2022年第3期42卷 426-431页

作者： Mushtaq ahmed Naila Sher Nadia Mushtaq Rahmat ali Khan Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of Science&TechnologyBannu 28100KPK-Pakistan Department of Botany Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of Science&TechnologyBannu 28100KPKPakistan

OBJECTIVES:To estimate the existence of phytochemicals and then to determine the antidiabetic activity againstα-amylase andβ-glucosidase inhibition in ***:The study was carried out by following standard ***:Phytochemicals analysis indicated the presence of different *** total phenolic content was 6.055 mg GAE/g and the total flavonoid content was 5.706 mg RU/g in the plant *** total saponins,alkaloids,and tannins contents were(0.044%),(2.88%)and(2.862 nm)respectively.α-amylase inhibition activity of Calligonum polygonoides(CP)extract was 70%with IC50 of 610μg/mL and that ofβ-glucosidase inhibition activity was 65%with IC50 of 640μg/***:The findings reported for the first time the antidiabetes-promoting effects of an extract of CP in vitro,thus validating their promising anti-diabetes potential.

关键词： Calligonum polygonoides phytochemicals alpha-amylases beta-glucosidase

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Deterministic and fuzzy-based methods to evaluate community resilience

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2018年第2期17卷 261-275页

作者： omar Kammouh ali Zamani Noori Veronica Taurino Stephen A.Mahin Gian Paolo Cimellaro Department of Civil Structural & Geotechnical Engineering Politecnico di Torino Sim Center Byron and Elvira Nishkian Professor of Structural Engineering 777 Davis Hall University of California Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California

Community resilience is becoming a growing concern for authorities and decision *** paper introduces two indicator-based methods to evaluate the resilience of communities based on the PEOPLES *** is a multi-layered framework that defines community resilience using seven *** of the dimensions is described through a set of resilience indicators collected from literature and they are linked to a measure allowing the analytical computation of the indicator’s *** first method proposed in this paper requires data on previous disasters as an input and returns as output a performance function for each indicator and a performance function for the whole *** second method exploits a knowledge-based fuzzy modeling for its *** method allows a quantitative evaluation of the PEOPLES indicators using descriptive knowledge rather than deterministic data including the uncertainty involved in the *** output of the fuzzy-based method is a resilience index for each indicator as well as a resilience index for the *** paper also introduces an open source online tool in which the first method is implemented.A case study illustrating the application of the first method and the usage of the tool is also provided in the paper.

关键词： Deterministic approach resilience indicators fuzzy method PEOPLES framework Earthquake resilience

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Disturbance Evaluation in Power System Based on Machine Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 231-254页

作者： Emad M.ahmed Mohamed A.ahmed Ziad M.ali Imran Khan Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringJouf UniversitySakaka72388Al-JoufSaudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityWadi Addawaser11991Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Aswan Faculty of EngineeringAswan UniversityAswan81542Egypt Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and Technology PeshawarPakistan

The operation complexity of the distribution system increases as a large number of distributed generators(DG)and electric vehicles were introduced,resulting in higher demands for fast online reactive power *** a power system,the characteristic selection criteria for power quality disturbance classification are not *** classification effect and efficiency needs to be improved,as does the generalization *** order to categorize the quality in the power signal disturbance,this paper proposes a multi-layer severe learning computer auto-encoder to optimize the input weights and extract the characteristics of electric power quality ***,a multi-label classification algorithm based on rating is proposed to understand the relationship between the labels and identify the various power quality *** two algorithms are combined to construct a multi-label classification model based on a multi-level extreme learning machine,and the optimal network structure of the multi-level extreme learning machine as well as the optimal multi-label classification threshold are *** proposed method can be used to classify the single and compound power quality disturbances with improved classification effect,reliability,robustness,and anti-noise performance,according to the experimental *** hamming loss obtained by the proposed algorithm is about 0.17 whereas ML-RBF,SVM and ML-KNN schemes have 0.28,0.23 and 0.22 respectively at a noise intensity of 20 *** average precision obtained by the proposed algorithm 0.85 whereas the ML-RBF,SVM and ML-KNN schemes indicates 0.7,0.77 and 0.78 respectively.

关键词： Optimal power flow optimization algorithm deep learning power systems

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Surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis:Ileorectal vs ileal pouch-anal anastomosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第37期20卷 13211-13218页

作者： Daniele Scoglio Usama ahmed ali Alessandro Fichera Department of Surgery University of Washington Medical Center Department of Surgery University Medical Center Utrecht

Total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis(IPAA) is the current gold standard in the surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC) refractory to medical management. A procedure of significant magnitude carries its own risks including anastomotic failure, pelvic sepsis and a low rate of neoplastic degeneration overtime. Recent studies have shown that total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis(IRA) has been associated with good long-term functional results in a selected group of UC patients amenable to undergo a strict surveillance for the relatively high risk of cancer in the rectum. This manuscript will review and compare the most recent literature on IRA and IPAA as it pertains to postoperative morbidity and mortality, failure rates, functional outcomes and cancer risk.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Ileorectal anastomosis Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis Retained rectum Neoplastic degeneration

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Sickle cell cholangiopathy:An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography evaluation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第42期15卷 5316-5320页

作者： Hussain Issa ali Al-Haddad ahmed Al-Salem Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammam 31444Saudi Arabia Department of Internal Medicine Qatif Central HospitalQatif 31911Saudi Arabia Department of Pediatric Surgery Maternity and Children HospitalDammamQatif 31911Saudi Arabia

AIM:To evaluate the role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) in patients with sickle cell disease(SCD) .METHODS:Two hundred and twenty four SCD patients with cholestatic jaundice(CJ) had *** indications for ERCP were based on clinical and biochemical evidence of CJ and ultrasound ***:Two hundred and forty ERCPs were *** indications for ERCP were:CJ only in 79,CJ and dilated bile ducts without stones in 103,and CJ and bile duct stones in *** those with CJ only,ERCP was normal in 42(53.2%) ,and 13(16.5%) had dilated bile ducts without an obstructive *** the remaining 22,there were bile duct stones with or without *** those with CJ,dilated bile ducts and no stones,ERCP was normal in 17(16.5%) ,and 28(27.2%) had dilated bile ducts without an obstructive *** the remaining 58,there were bile ducts stones with or without *** those with CJ and bile duct stones,ERCP was normal in two(4.8%) ,and 14(33.3%) had dilated bile ducts without an obstructive *** the remaining 26,there were bile duct stones with or without ***:Considering the high frequency of biliary sludge and bile duct stones in SCD,endoscopic sphincterotomy might prove helpful in these patients.

关键词： Sickle cell disease Hepatobiliary Cholestsatic jaundice Sickle cell hepatopathy Sickle cell cholangiopathy Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

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