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Land Use Capability and the Sustainable Scale: An Overview of Agriculture in São Paulo State, Brazil

Natural Resources 2022年第8期13卷 171-180页

作者： Oscar Sarcinelli ademar ribeiro romeiro Lauro Charlet Pereira Sergio Gomes Tosto Núcleo de Economia Agrícola e Meio Ambiente Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas Brazil EMBRAPA Meio Ambiente Jaguariúna Brazil EMBRAPA Territorial Campinas Brazil

Establishing a sustainable scale in natural resources management enables effective economic and ecological policies and guarantees the long-term sustainability of economic production. In agriculture, land evaluations determine the land use sustainable scales, that is, those that avoid land degradation and allow the provision of food, wood, energy, and ecosystem services over time. The paper assessed São Paulo State’s agricultural sustainability by analyzing the current land use adequacy to the land use capability map that follows FAO 1976 “guide for land evaluation” and was applied to São Paulo by the State Agricultural Secretariat. Results indicate inefficiencies in land use at the state level, where more than one-third of agricultural lands do not satisfy technical land capability indications. According to technical land use capability, more than 4.5 million hectares are being underused (economic inefficiency) and another 2.2 million hectares are being overused (environmental inefficiency). Pasturelands represent the most unsustainable land use, where 3.7 million hectares are allocated in high quality lands with high agricultural production potential, and another 0.7 million hectares are allocated in lands with very low quality for agriculture, most of than area degraded. To achieve sustainability, lands with high agricultural production potential should be used to improve agriculture and food production and, on the other hand, lands with very low agricultural production potential should be used for wood production, agroforestry, ecotourism and natural ecosystems conservation. Our results provide a framework for improving land use policies in São Paulo State and highlight an opportunity to achieve land use sustainability.

关键词： Land Use Planning Land Capability Agricultural Sustainability

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The Entropy Law and the Impossibility of Perpetual Economic Growth

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2015年第10期5卷 641-650页

作者： Henrique N. Sá Earp ademar R. romeiro Unicamp-Institute of Mathematics Campinas Brazil Unicamp-Institute of Economics Campinas Brazil

Every production-recycling iteration accumulates an inevitable proportion of its matter-energy in the environment, lest the production process itself will be a system in perpetual motion, violating the second law of Thermodynamics. Such high-entropy matter depletes finite stocks of ecosystem services provided by the ecosphere, hence is incompatible with the long-term growth in the material scale of the economic process. Moreover, the complex natural systems governing such stocks respond to depletion by possibly sudden environmental transitions, thus hindering markets' very ability to adapt to the new equilibrium conditions. Consequently, uncertainty of critical resilience thresholds constrains material economic growth.

关键词： Entropy Perpetual Growth Zero Growth Ecosystem Resilience

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Physical fitness level and the risk of severe COVID-19:A systematic review

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2023年第3期5卷 174-180页

作者： Fortunato JoséCardoso David romeiro Victor JoséRoberto da Silva Angélica C.Guimarãaes Carla Adriane Leal Michelle ribeiro Taveira João Guilherme Alves Departament of Hepatology Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof.Fernando Figueira(IMIP)RecifePernambucoBrazil Graduate Unit Universidade de Pernambuco(UPE)RecifePernambucoBrazil Department of Pediatrics Hospital Dom MalanPetrolinaPernambucoBrazil

To verify systematically the association between the status of physical fitness and the risk of severe Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).This systematic review is in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta Analyses(PRISMA)statement and the eligibility criteria followed the Population,Intervention,Comparison,Outcomes and Study(PICOS)***,Embase,SciELO and Cochrane electronic databases were *** studies that explored the relationship between the pattern of physical fitness and COVID-19 adverse outcomes(hospitalization,intensive care unit admission,intubation,or mortality),were *** quality of the studies was assessed by the specific scale of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.A total of seven observational studies were identified in this systematic review;13468 patients were included in one case-control study,two cohort studies,and four cross-sectional *** studies reported an inverse association between high physical fitness and severe COVID-19(hospitalization,intensive care admission,or mortality).Only some studies reported comorbidities,especially obesity and cardiovascular disorders,but the results remained unchanged after controlling for *** quality of the seven studies included was moderate according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment *** methodological heterogeneity of the studies included did not allow a meta-analysis of the *** conclusion,higher physical fitness levels were associated with lower risk of hospitalization,intensive care admissions,and mortality rates among patients with COVID-19.

关键词： Physical fitness COVID-19 Hospitalization Intensive care units Mortality

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Effects of meal size and proximal-distal segmentation on gastric activity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第46期16卷 5861-5868页

作者： Madileine F Américo Marjorie V Ietsugu Fernando G romeiro Luciana A Corá Ricardo B Oliveira José Ricardo A Miranda Department of Physics and Biophysics IBBUNESP-Sao Paulo State University Institute of Biological Sciences and Health ICBSUFMT-University of Mato Grosso Department of Clinical Medicine FMBUNESP-Sao Paulo State University Department of Clinical Medicine FMRPUSP-University of So Paulo UNCISAL-Alagoas State University of Health Sciences

AIM:To evaluate the effects of meal size and three segmentations on intragastric distribution of the meal and gastric motility,by ***:Twelve healthy volunteers were randomly assessed,twice,by *** test meal consisted of 60 or 180 mL of yogurt labeled with 64 MBq 99m Tc-tin *** and posterior dynamic frames were simultaneously acquired for 18 min and all data were analyzed in *** proximal-distal segmentations using regions of interest were adopted for both ***:Intragastric distribution of the meal between the proximal and distal compartments was strongly influenced by the way in which the stomach was divided,showing greater proximal retention after the 180 *** important finding was that both dominant frequencies (1 and 3 cpm) were simultaneously recorded in the proximal and distal stomach;however,the power ratio of those dominant frequencies varied in agreement with the segmentation adopted and was independent of the meal ***:It was possible to simultaneously evaluate the static intragastric distribution and phasic contractility from the same recording using our scintigraphic approach.

关键词： Gastric motility Phasic contractions Proximal stomach Scintigraphy Meal size

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Load Static Models for Conservation Voltage Reduction in the Presence of Harmonics

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Energy and Power Engineering 2016年第2期8卷 62-75页

作者： William Douglas Caetano Patrícia romeiro da Silva Jota Electrical Engineer Department Federal Centre of Technological Education (CEFET-MG) Belo Horizonte Brazil

The Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR) is a technique that aims to achieve the decrease of power consumption as a result of voltage reduction. The customer is supplied with the lowest possible voltage level compatible with the stipulated level by the regulatory agency. International Standards ANSI C84.1-2006 and IEEE std 1250-1995 specify the range of supply voltage to electronics equipment from 0.9 to 1.05 pu of nominal voltage. To analyse the CVR effect in distribution systems with different load characteristics (residential, commercial, industrial or a combination of these), mathematical load models are used. Typically, these equipment/load models are used to analyse load aggregation without any consideration of its nonlinearity characteristics. Aiming to analyse the nonlinear characteristics and its consequences, this paper presents a discussion of the neglected variables as well as the results of a set of measurements of nonlinear loads. Different mathematical models are applied to obtain them for each load. Using these models the load aggregation is evaluated. It is presented that although the models show adequate results for individual loads, the same does not occur for aggregated models if the harmonic contribution is not considered. Consequently, to apply the load model in CVR it is necessary to consider the harmonics presence and the model has to be done using only the fundamental frequency data. The discussion about the causes is done and the models are compared with the measurements.

关键词： CVR Load Model in the Presence of Harmonics Conservation Voltage Reduction Load Model Aggregation in the Presence of Harmonics

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Residential Load Curve Analysis during Electric Vehicle Charging

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2017年第3期5卷 49-61页

作者： Fernanda Cristina Martins Cortezzi Patrícia romeiro da Silva Jota Electrical Engineering Department Federal Center of Technological Education of Minas Gerais—CEFET-MG Belo Horizonte Brazil

With the objective to reduce the environmental pollution, alternative initiatives have favored the evolution of the electric vehicle (EV). As the electric vehicle depends solely on battery, the grid electric power is need for charging it. This new electric load can cause concern due to the impact of consume on power system. The behavior of main electric parameters is analyzed during the recharge of EV considering an actual condition of diary charge. In sequence, the data of these electric parameters obtained during EV charging were included on residential consumer energy from Brazil. The results contribute to the understanding of the recharge of EV in different time of the day which can affect the curve of residential consumer energy and consequently will affect in different way on Power System.

关键词： Electric Vehicle Electric Vehicle Charging Power System Residential Consume

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HVDC Grid Segmentation Analysis for Blackouts Reduction

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2017年第3期5卷 36-48页

作者： Grazielle Jacinta Cardoso Santos Patrícia romeiro da Silva Jota Electrical Engineer Department Federal Centre of Technological Education (CEFET-MG) Belo Horizonte Brazil

Segmentation of large AC systems through DC links introduces a new concept that utilizes the advantages of direct current transmission to improve network reliability and increase power transfer capacity. Technical literature argues that the segmentation of the AC network and the introduction of DC links at these systems connection points bring benefits to system operation, once contingencies generated on one side of the DC connection point would not be reflected on the other side of DC connection, thereby reducing the likelihood of cascading shutdowns and blackouts due to load restraint on transmission lines and transformers. Amidst this scenario, this paper presents a study of the main topics regarding the use of this new network segmentation philosophy, bringing a practical point of view for the use of this concept at the electrical power system planning. The effect of DC segmentation before a contingency that would initiate major outages in an adapted electrical system model IEEE-14 bus is studied and simulations have been performed with test HVAC systems and segmented by HVDC link. The results have been compared, principally in relation to the voltage bus, reactive power generation, system losses and power flow at the lines, and demonstrated that this new concept improved the grid reliability.

关键词： DC-Segmentation Grid Segmentation DC Link Blackouts Cascading Outages

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Nutritional assessment in cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第30期7卷 2940-2954页

作者： Fernando Gomes romeiro Lais Augusti Gastroenterology Division Department of Internal Medicine-Botucatu Medical SchoolUNESP-Univ Estadual PaulistaBotucatu 18608-917Sao PauloBrazil

Hepatic encephalopathy(HE) is one of the worst complications of liver disease and can be greatly influenced by nutritional status. Ammonia metabolism, inflammation and muscle wasting are relevant processes in HE pathophysiology. Malnutrition worsens the prognosis in HE, requiring early assessment of nutritional status of these patients. Body composition changes induced by liver disease and limitations superimposed by HE hamper the proper accomplishment of exams in this population, but evidence is growing that assessment of muscle mass and muscle function is mandatory due to the role of skeletal muscles in ammonia metabolism. In this review, we present the pathophysiological aspects involved in HE to support further discussion about advantages and drawbacks of some methods for evaluating the nutritional status of cirrhotic patients with HE, focusing on body composition.

关键词： Hepatic encephalopathy Liver cirrhosis Malnutrition Anthropometry Muscle strength Electric impedance Nutrition assessment Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

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PV Characterization System Outdoors—Case Study in Brazil

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2017年第12期5卷 119-132页

作者： Pedro Rodrigues Silva Patrícia romeiro da Silva Jota Ana Paula Batista Research Center of Smart Energy Electrical Engineer Department Federal Centre of Technological Education (CEFET-MG) Belo Horizonte Brazil

Photovoltaic modules (PV) are tested in the industry in standard conditions and their characteristics are given in the datasheet. After installation on the site, its performance is not evaluated separately of the other parts of the PV generator. Nevertheless some discrepancies of the expected generation and the measured ones are verified. To deal with these discrepancies it is worth characterizing the module on the site and acquire data in an easy and inexpensive way. This paper presents a proposed characterization system as well as its application. A module test was performed on a site located in Brazil. At these latitudes it is common to have high amount of ultraviolet components. The characterization system measures separately the ultraviolet component, as well as the visible and global irradiations. The results obtained are analyzed and the effect of the UV variation is observed, proving the importance of doing this characterization on site after implementation of the PV system.

关键词： Photovoltaic Solar Spectrum Ultraviolet

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Chimney Height, a Determining Factor in the Dispersion of Pollutants and Their Concentration

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2021年第1期9卷 173-193页

作者： Neyva Maria Lopes romeiro Eliandro Rodrigues Cirilo Paulo Laerte Natti Letícia Mayumi Doy Okamoto Tainá Julianotti Department of Mathematics State University of Londrina and Member of the Simulation and Numerical Analysis Laboratory—LabSan Paraná Brazil Graduated in Computer Science State University of Londrina Paraná Brazil Master’s Student Applied and Computational Mathematics—PGMAC State University of Londrina Paraná Brazil

This work proposes a way of modelling two-dimensional complex meshes using elliptic equations, which the computational grid coincides with the problem geometry, making computational processing more suitable. A multiblock technique was used in order to achieve a better representation of the problem domain. In this way, numerical simulations of the movement and dispersion of pollutant emissions in the atmosphere are presented in the generated domains, using the Navier-Stokes pollutant transport equations. The curvilinear coordinates and the finite difference method are used for the discretization. The model was verified in two tests. In the first test, three cases were proposed, with geometries containing a chimney followed by an obstacle, using different chimney heights, and the obstacle height was fixed. The test aims to verify the vortices appearance, in the blocks, to obtain agreement with as presented in the literature. In the second test, the geometry is described by a chimney and an obstacle that represents one of the mountains in the valley. The performed tests made possible to verify that the height of the chimney can be considered a determining factor to describe the dispersion of pollutants, as well as their concentration in the proximity of industrial areas.

关键词： Atmosphere Valley Multiblock Navier-Stokes Transport Equation

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