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immunomodulatory activity of polycaprolactone nanoparticles with calcium phosphate salts against Leishmania infantum infection

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Asian Pacific journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第8期14卷 359-368页

作者： Kübra Kelleci Adil Allahverdiyev Melahat Bağırova Murat Ihlamur EmrahŞefik Abamor Department of Bioengineering Yildiz Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey V.Akhundov National Scientific Research Medical Prophylactic Institute BakuAzerbaijan Department of Electronics and Automation Biruni UniversityIstanbulTurkey

Objective:To prepare and characterize polycaprolactone(PCL)nanoparticles loaded with sonicator fragmented(SLA)and freeze-thaw Leishmania antigens(FTLA)and to investigate the in vitro immunogenicity of antigen-encapsulated nanoparticles with calcium phosphate ***:The water/oil/water binary emulsion solvent evaporation method was used to synthesize antigen-loaded PCL *** were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and zeta potential *** cytotoxicity in j774 macrophages in vitro was determined by MTT *** addition,the amount of nitric oxide and the level of cytokines produced by macrophages were determined by Griess reaction and ELISA method,*** protective effect of the developed formulations was evaluated by determining the infection index percentage in macrophages infected with Leishmania ***:Compared to the control group,SLA PCL and FTLA PCL nanoparticles with calcium phosphate adjuvant induced a 6-and 7-fold increase in nitric oxide,***,the vaccine formulations promoted the production of IFN-γand *** PCL and FTLA PCL nanoparticles combined with calcium phosphate adjuvant caused an approximately 13-and 11-fold reduction in infection index,respectively,compared to the control ***:The encapsulation of antigens obtained by both sonication and freeze-thawing into PCL nanoparticles and the formulations with calcium phosphate adjuvant show strong in vitro immune stimulating ***,PCL-based antigen delivery systems and calcium phosphate adjuvant are recommended as a potential vaccine candidate against leishmaniasis.

关键词： Leishmaniasis Calcium phosphate Polycaprolactone Nanoparticle Antigen delivery system Adjuvant Vaccine design

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Prioritizing Strategies for Building the Resilience of Public Health Systems to Disasters Across Multiple Communities and Countries

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International journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 1-17页

作者： Benjamin j.Ryan Mayumi Kako Shelby Garner Rok Fink Ismail Tayfur jonathan Abrahams Sanjaya Bhatia Adriana Campelo Matthew Fendt Alicia Fontenot Nahuel Arenas Garcia Tim hatch Ryoma Kayano LaShonda Malrey‑Horne Makiko MacDermot Md Moshiur Rahman Chaverle Noel Shuhei Nomura jeremy P.Novak Maria Opazo Kendell Oliver Luciana Peters Sohel Rahman PerihanŞimşek Andrew Stricklin Raymond Swienton Bryan W.Brooks Frist College of Medicine Belmont UniversityNashvilleTN 37212USA Department of Environmental Science Environmental Health Science ProgramCollege of Arts and SciencesBaylor UniversityWacoTX 76798USA Division of Nursing Science School of Biomedical and Health SciencesHiroshima UniversityHiroshima 734-8553Japan Gordon E.Inman College of Health Sciences and Nursing Belmont UniversityNashvilleTN 37212USA Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ljubljana1000 LjubljanaSlovenia Department of Emergency Medicine University of Health Sciences34668 IstanbulTurkey Monash University Accident Research Center MelbourneVIC 3800Australia Global Education and Training Institute United Nations Ofce for Disaster Risk ReductionIncheon 22004Republic of Korea Regional Ofce for the Americas and Caribbean United Nations Ofce for Disaster Risk ReductionPanama City 0843-03441Panama Engineering and Computer Science Baylor UniversityWacoTX 76798USA Department of Public Health Robbins College of Health and Human SciencesBaylor UniversityWacoTX 76798USA Alabama Department of Public Health MontgomeryAL 36092USA World Health Organization Centre for Health Development(WHO Kobe Centre) Kobe 651-0073Japan Waco-McLennan County Public Health District WacoTX 76707USA Department of Health Policy and Management School of MedicineKeio UniversityTokyo 160-8582Japan Department of Global Health Policy Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-0033Japan Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research Tokyo 106-6234Japan Global Development College BrisbaneQLD 4000Australia Municipality of Pudahuel 13124 PudahuelChile City hall of Porto Alegre Porto Alegre 90010-170Brazil Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of the People’s Republic of BangladeshDhaka 1000Bangladesh Department of Emergency Aid and Disaster Management Trabzon University61335 TrabzonTurkey Department of Emergency Medicine UT SouthwesternDallasTX 75390USA

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the urgent need to strengthen public health *** response,the United Nations Disaster Risk Reduction(UNDRR) Public Health System Resilience Scorecard(Scorecard) was applied in workshops across multiple *** aim of our research was to explore the workshop findings to develop priority strategies for strengthening public health system *** conducted a workshop from 14 to 16 March 2023,at the UNDRR Global Education and Training Institute in Incheon,Republic of Korea.A sequential modified Delphi method was utilized to develop a set of prioritized resilience *** were drawn from 70 strategies identified from 13 distinct workshops in eight *** two surveys,23 strategies were *** received ratings of "High" or Very High" from89% of *** related to the inclusion of public health risks in emergency plans,integrating multidisciplinary teams into public health,enabling local transport mechanisms,and improving the ability to manage an influx of *** Scorecard provides an adaptable framework to identify and prioritize strategies for strengthening public health system *** leveraging this methodology,our study demonstrated how resilience strategies could inform disaster risk reduction funding,policies,and actions.

关键词： Health system resilience Public policy Resilience scorecard Workshops

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Overexpression of Arabidopsis YUCCA6 in Potato Results in High-Auxin Developmental Phenotypes and Enhanced Resistance to Water Deficit

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Molecular Plant 2013年第2期6卷 337-349页

作者： jeong im Kim Dongwon Baek Hyeong Cheol Park Hyun jin Chun Dong-ha Oh Min Kyung Lee joon-Yung Cha Woe-Yeon Kim Min Chul Kim Woo Sik Chung hans j. Bohner Sang Yeol Lee Ray A. Bressan Shin-Woo Lee Dae-jin Yun Department of Biochemistry Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 and WCU Program) Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 660-701 Republic of Korea Department of Plant Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA Department of Agronomy and Medicinal Plant Resources Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology Jinju 660-758 Korea Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 KSA Department of Horticulture Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA

Indole-3-acetic acid （IAA）, a major plant auxin, is produced in both tryptophan-dependent and tryptophan-independent pathways. A major pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana generates IAA in two reactions from tryptophan. Step one converts tryptophan to indole-3-pyruvic acid （IPA） by tryptophan aminotransferases followed by a rate-limiting step converting IPA to IAA catalyzed by YUCCA proteins. We identified eight putative StYUC （Solanum tuberosum YUCCA） genes whose deduced amino acid sequences share 50%-70% identity with those of Arabidopsis YUCCA proteins. All include canonical, conserved YUCCA sequences： FATGY motif, FMO signature sequence, and FAD-binding and NADP-binding sequences. In addition, five genes were found with -50% amino acid sequence identity to Arabidopsis trypto-phan aminotransferases. Transgenic potato （Solanum tuberosum cv. jowon） constitutively overexpressing Arabidopsis AtYUC6 displayed high-auxin phenotypes such as narrow downward-curled leaves, increased height, erect stature, and longevity. Transgenic potato plants overexpressing AtYUC6 showed enhanced drought tolerance based on reduced water loss. The phenotype was correlated with reduced levels of reactive oxygen species in leaves. The results suggest a func-tional YUCCA pathway of auxin biosynthesis in potato that may be exploited to alter plant responses to the environment.

关键词： Solanum tuberosum potato Arabidopsis thaliana yuc6-1D YUCCA, StYUCCA, StTAA, auxin, drought.

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Envy-Free Pricing with General Supply Constraints for Unit Demand Consumers

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journal of Computer Science & Technology 2012年第4期27卷 702-709页

作者： Sungjin im 陆品燕王亚军 Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Microsoft Research Asia ACM

The envy-free pricing problem can be stated as finding a pricing and allocation scheme in which each consumer is allocated a set of items that maximize his/her utility under the pricing. The goal is to maximize seller revenue. We study the problem with general supply constraints which are given as an independence system defined over the items. The constraints, for example, can be a number of linear constraints or matroids. This captures the situation where items do not pre-exist, but are produced in reflection of consumer valuation of the items under the limit of resources. This paper focuses on the case of unit-demand consumers. In the setting, there are n consumers and rn items; each item may be produced in multiple copies. Each consumer i ∈[n] has a valuation vij on item j in the set Si in which he/she is interested. He/she must be allocated （if any） an item which gives the maximum （non-negative） utility. Suppose we are given an a-approximation oracle for finding the maximum weight independent set for the given independence system （or a slightly stronger oracle）; for a large number of natural and interesting supply constraints, constant approximation algorithms are available. We obtain the following results. 1） O（αlogn）-approximation for the general case. 2） O（ακ）-approximation when each consumer is interested in at most k distinct types of items. 3） O（αf）-approximation when each type of item is interesting to at most f consumers. Note that the final two results were previously unknown even without the independence system constraint.

关键词： envy-free pricing approximation matroid

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Tree wave migration across an elevation gradient in the Altai Mountains,Siberia

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journal of Mountain Science 2017年第3期14卷 442-452页

作者： Viacheslav I.KhaRUK Sergei T.im Maria L.DVINSKAYA Kenneth j.RANSON Il'ya A.PETROV Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS KrasnoyarskRussia Siberian Federal University KrasnoyarskRussia M.F.Reshetnev Siberian State Aerospace University KrasnoyarskRussia NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMarylandUSA

The phenomenon of tree waves （hedges and ribbons） formation within the alpine ecotone in Altai Mountains and its response to observed air temperature increase was considered. At the upper limit of tree growth Siberian pine （Pinus sibirica） forms hedges on windward slopes and ribbons on the leeward ones. Hedges were formed by prevailing winds and oriented along winds direction. Ribbons were formed by snow blowing and accumulating on the leeward slope and perpendicular to the prevailing winds, as well as to the elevation gradient. Hedges were always linked with microtopography features, whereas ribbons were not. Trees are migrating upward by waves and new ribbons and hedges are forming at or near tree line, whereas at lower elevations ribbons and hedges are being transformed into dosed forests. Time series of high-resolution satellite scenes （from 1968 to 2OLO） indicated an upslope shift in the position ribbons averaged 155＋26 m （or 3-7 m yr^-1） and crown closure increased （about 35%-90%）. The hedges advance was limited by poor regeneration establishment and was negligible. Regeneration within the ribbon zone was approximately 2.5 times （5060 vs 2120 ha^-1） higher then within the hedges zone. During the last four decades, Siberian pine in both hedges and ribbons strongly increased its growth increment, and recent tree growth rate for 50 year-old trees was about twice higher than those recorded for similarly-aged trees at the beginning of the 20^th century. Hedges and ribbons are phenomena that are widespread within the southern and northern Siberian Mountains.

关键词： Ribbon forest Hedges Siberian forests Alpine treeline Tree waves Siberian pine Altaimountains

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汉语与土耳其语定语类型比较与习得研究

汉语与土耳其语定语类型比较与习得研究

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作者：伊培芸（Kübra DEM(?)R j(?)ANG）上海师范大学

学位级别：硕士

定语是汉语学习中的一个重要的语法点。近年来,许多专家研究了汉语和韩语的定语,汉语和泰语的定语,汉语和越南语的定语,汉语和俄语的定语,汉语和英语的定语等,但是迄今为止,中国的学者鲜有对汉语和土耳其的定语进行深入系统的对比研究... 详细信息

定语是汉语学习中的一个重要的语法点。近年来,许多专家研究了汉语和韩语的定语,汉语和泰语的定语,汉语和越南语的定语,汉语和俄语的定语,汉语和英语的定语等,但是迄今为止,中国的学者鲜有对汉语和土耳其的定语进行深入系统的对比研究。随着中国“一带一路”的提出,中国和土耳其在经济、文化上的交往越来越密切,土耳其学生学汉语的热情也越来越高,到中国留学的土耳其学生也越来越多。但是由于土耳其语和汉语语言类型并不相同,土耳其语是黏着语,汉语是孤立语,土耳其语里面很少专门讲定语的,但是汉语的定语是汉语句法的一个很重要的句法成分,汉语的定语研究是汉语的语法的一个研究热点。土耳其学生在学习汉语的定语时候遇到很多困难,所以汉语和土耳其定语的比较研究非常有现实意义。本文在考察汉语与土耳其语定语基本类型基础上,运用结构主义语言学的方法进行对比分析,对土耳其语和汉语定语的结构类型及其特征进行比较分析研究。本文对下列内容进行对比分析:汉语定语的成分类型;土耳其语定语类型、土耳其语定语与汉语定语共同点与区别的对比分析。尽管土耳其语定语和汉语定语在句法、语义等方面存在不少差异,但是也有共性,比如两种语言的多项定语与中心语都遵循距离象似性原则,即越能说明中心沿所指的稳定而恒久的本质属性的词语充当定语,其位置越靠近中心语;反之,则离中心语越远。换言之,多项定语与中心语之间线性距离的远近反映了二者之间语义关系的远近。本文的最终目的就是希望把所研究的成果运用到对土耳其人学习汉语上,为中国老师教授土耳其学生提供一定借鉴,提高汉语教学的效果和质量。希望本文所得出的结论能够对土耳其学生学习汉语、教师教学和中土语言文化交流起到积极的促进作用。

关键词：土耳其语汉语定语对比分析

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Characterization of bright betatron radiation generated by direct laser acceleration of electrons in plasma of near critical density

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 26-35页

作者： j.Cikhardt M.Gyrdymov S.Zähter P.Tavana M.M.Günther N.Bukharskii N.Borisenko j.jacoby X.F.Shen A.Pukhov N.E.Andreev O.N.Rosmej Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague16627 Prague 6Czech Republic Goethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Focused Energy GmbH Im Tiefen See 4564293 DarmstadtGermany National Research Nuclear University MEPhI Kashirskoe shosse 31115409 MoscowRussian Federation Lebedev Physical Institute RAS Leninskiy Prospekt 53119991 MoscowRussian Federation Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1DüsseldorfGermany joint Institute for High Temperatures RASIzhorskaya st.13Bldg.2125412 MoscowRussian Federation Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Institutskiy Pereulok 9141700 DolgoprudnyRussia

Directed x-rays produced in the interaction of sub-picosecond laser pulses of moderate relativistic intensity with plasma of near-critical density are investigated. Synchrotron-like (betatron) radiation occurs in the process of direct laser acceleration (DLA) of electrons in a relativisticlaser channel when the electrons undergo transverse betatron oscillations in self-generated quasi-static electric and magnetic fields. In anexperiment at the PHELIX laser system, high-current directed beams of DLA electrons with a mean energy ten times higher than the ponderomotive potential and maximum energy up to 100 MeV were measured at 10^(19) W/cm^(2)laser intensity. The spectrum of directed x-raysin the range of 5–60 keV was evaluated using two sets of Ross filters placed at 0°and 10°to the laser pulse propagation axis. The differential x-ray absorption method allowed for absolute measurements of the angular-dependent photon fluence. We report 10^(13) photons/sr withenergies >5 keV measured at 0°to the laser axis and a brilliance of 10^(21) photons s^(−1) mm^(−2) mrad−2(0.1%BW)−1. The angular distributionof the emission has an FWHM of 14°–16°. Thanks to the ultra-high photon fluence, point-like radiation source, and ultra-short emissiontime, DLA-based keV backlighters are promising for various applications in high-energy-density research with kilojoule petawatt-class laserfacilities.

关键词： laser acceleration critical

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猪真皮胶原膜早期覆盖深Ⅱ度烧伤创面的实验研究

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中华整形烧伤外科杂志 1993年第4期9卷 284-285,319+324页

作者：高智仁 Michael j.im Robert j.Spence 青海医学院附属医院烧伤科 810001 Division of Plastic Surgery The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

采用我们先前报道的猪皮胶原提取方法和成膜技术,制成猪真皮胶原膜。在大鼠背部以75℃、15秒,造成4cm×4cm的深Ⅱ度烧伤创面,清除坏死表皮后,治疗组早期覆盖猪真皮胶原膜,对照组创面暴露。伤后10天评定创面愈合情况。结果治疗组明显优... 详细信息

采用我们先前报道的猪皮胶原提取方法和成膜技术,制成猪真皮胶原膜。在大鼠背部以75℃、15秒,造成4cm×4cm的深Ⅱ度烧伤创面,清除坏死表皮后,治疗组早期覆盖猪真皮胶原膜,对照组创面暴露。伤后10天评定创面愈合情况。结果治疗组明显优于对照组(P<0.0001)。显示猪真皮胶原膜对深Ⅱ度烧伤创面有良好的保护作用和促进愈合的作用。

关键词：胶原真皮胶原猪真皮胶原烧伤

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Thermal Stabilization of EDFA gain by hybrid concatenation of antimony-doped silica EDF

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 419-420页

作者： Young-Eun im Uh-Chan Ryu P. Babu Won-Taek han K. Oh David j. DiGiovanni Baishi Wang Anand hariharan Department of Information and Communications K-JIST Kwangju 500712 Rep. of Korea OFS Laboratories 700 Moutain Ave. Murray Hill NJ 07974 USA OFS Fitel SPD 19 Schoolhouse Road Somerset NJ 08873 USA

Sb-doped silica EDF showed an opposite temperature dependent gain profile compared to Al-doped silica EDF. Concatenation of those two EDFs showed a gain variation less than ?0.4 dB over 40nm of C-band with the 15dB ga... 详细信息

关键词： range of

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The Practice of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in subSaharan Africa and Antarctica：A White Paper or a Black Mark？

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中国康复医学杂志 2009年第5期24卷 385-389页

作者： Andrew j. haig MD jonathan im Ayodeji Adewole, MD Virgina S. Nelson, MD, M.P.H Brian Krabak, MD, M.B.A. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA. College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Wayne State University Detroit Michigan USA. SOS International Accra Ghana. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine University of WashingtonSeattle Washington USA.

Objective:To explore the practice of PM&R in subSaharan Africa and ***:Medline searches,membership data searches,fax survey of medical schools,Internet searches,and interviews with ***:The continents are dissimilar in terms of climate and *** both Antarctica and subSaharan Africa have no PM&R training programs,no professional organizations,no specialty board requirements,and no practicing physicians in the *** there is no known disabled child on Antarctica and adults are airlifted to world-class health care,the consequences of this deficit are minimal *** the 788,000,000 permanent residents of subSaharan Africa including approximately 78 million persons with disability are left ***:Antarctica is doing *** is in a *** medical schools,hospitals doctors,and persons with disability;along with foreign volunteers,aid groups,and policymakers can impact the *** government-specifically national ministries of health-is ultimately responsible for the health and wellbeing of citizens.

关键词：体格检查医学文献资料因特网

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