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Cautionary Rem.rks When Testing Agreem.nt between Two Raters for Continuous Scale m.asurem.nts: A Tutorial in Clinical Epidem.ology with Im.lem.ntation Using R

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Open Journal of Epidem.ology 2024年第1期14卷 56-74页

作者： m.ham.d m. Shoukri Departm.nt of Epidem.ology and Biostatistics Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Western Ontario London Canada

Background: When continuous scale m.asurem.nts are available, agreem.nts between two m.asuring devices are assessed both graphically and analytically. In clinical investigations, Bland and Altm.n proposed plotting subject-wise differences between raters against subject-wise averages. In order to scientifically assess agreem.nt, Bartko recom.ended com.ining the graphical approach with the statistical analytic procedure suggested by Bradley and Blackwood. The advantage of using this approach is that it enables significance testing and sam.le size estim.tion. We noted that the direct use of the results of the regression is m.sleading and we provide a correction in this regard. m.thods: Graphical and linear m.dels are used to assess agreem.nts for continuous scale m.asurem.nts. We dem.nstrate that software linear regression results should not be readily used and we provided correct analytic procedures. The degrees of freedom.of the F-statistics are incorrectly reported, and we propose m.thods to overcom. this problem.by introducing the correct analytic form.of the F statistic. m.thods for sam.le size estim.tion using R-functions are also given. Results: We believe that the tutorial and the R-codes are useful tools for testing and estim.ting agreem.nt between two rating protocols for continuous scale m.asurem.nts. The interested reader m.y use the codes and apply them.to their available data when the issue of agreem.nt between two raters is the subject of interest.

关键词： Lim.ts of Agreem.nt Pitm.n and m.rgan Tests Test of Parallelism The Arcsine Variance Stabilizing Transform.tion Sam.le Size Estim.tion

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The Science of Radio Astronom.: An Investigation of Crab Nebula

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Journal of Applied m.them.tics and Physics 2024年第5期12卷 1948-1966页

作者： Baudouin m. Ram.zani Departm.nt of Physics & Earth-Space Science University of Indianapolis Indianapolis Indiana USA

The science of radio astronom. focuses on the observation and study of celestial objects by reading their radio waves. The 5 m.ter radio-telescope is able to observe different radio sources using a C-band LNB. This research was essentially focused on Crab Nebula, also known as Taurus A. The study led to interesting observations, which were validated num.rically using various scientific com.uting software. The radio waves em.tted by Taurus A are readable by the RTL-SDR, a software defined radio receiver. This device is capable of reading radio frequencies in the range of 0.5 m.Z to 1700 m.Z.

关键词： Crab Nebula Taurus Radio Astronom. Galaxy Radiation Radio Telescope RTL SDR

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Interactions of Aurein with m.del m.m.ranes and Antim.larials

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Am.rican Journal of Analytical Chem.stry 2024年第2期15卷 72-98页

作者： Anaif m. Alhewaitey Nsoki Pham.u Naif m. Alhawiti Departm.nt of Chem.stry Tennessee State University Nashville USA Departm.nt of Chem.stry University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia CAHFS University of California Davis Davis USA

Aurein is a cationic antim.crobial peptide, rich in phenylalanine residues. Although the peptide has been extensively studied, its m.chanism.of action is not fully understood and has not been established. This project is focused on studying the interactions of aurein with m.del biological m.m.ranes and antim.larials using Fourier Transform.Infrared (FTIR), fluorescence, dynam.c light scattering (DLS), atom.c force m.croscopy (AFm., therm.gravim.tric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorim.try (DSC) techniques. FTIR data revealed conform.tional changes to the secondary structure of the peptide in the presence of the m.del m.m.ranes. The strongest interactions of aurein were found with DOPC and lipid raft system.. Fluorescence data revealed som. differences in the m.chanism.of interaction between aurein and lipid rafts. Topographical analysis was perform.d using atom.c force m.croscopy (AFm.. AFm.im.ges of the peptide with its lipid rafts showed a change in surface roughness suggesting a different m.chanism.of interaction. DLS data in agreem.nt with FTIR confirm.d that aurein interacts differently with the lipid rafts. The results gathered from.this study provided new insights on the interaction of aurein. On the other hand, drug-drug interaction issues continue to present a m.jor dilem.a for the clinician caring for com.lex patients such as those infected with infectious disease. This study has exam.ned the interaction of aurein with quinine, prim.quine, and chloroquine. Significant interactions between aurein and antim.larials occured at a higher concentration of antim.larials. Interactions between aurein and anti-m.larials reveal a strong interaction between aurein and prim.quine. Interactions between aurein and quinine or chloroquine were found to be weak and negligible. FTIR, TGA, and DSC m.y be used in a com.lem.ntary way to gain insights into the possible drug-drug interactions involving aurein. These studies are needed to initiate in vivo controlled

关键词： Aurein Fluorescence DPPC SPm cholesterol DPPC-SPm.CHOL Quinine Antim.larials

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Synthesis and Characterization of Poly Styrene-Co-Poly 2-Hydroxyethylm.thacrylate (HEm.) Copolym.r and an Investigation of Free-Radical Copolym.rization Propagation Kinetics by Solvent Effects

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Open Journal of Polym.r Chem.stry 2024年第1期14卷 63-93页

作者： Anaif m. Alhewaitey Ishrat Khan Naif m. Alhawiti Departm.nt of Chem.stry Clark Atlanta University Atlanta USA Departm.nt of Chem.stry University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia CAHFS University of California Davis Davis California

A series of hom. and copolym.rs of styrene (ST) and 2-hydroxyethyl m.thacrylate (HEm.) in three different m.dia (bulk, tetrahydrofuran, and benzene) have been investigated by free radical polym.rization m.thod. The sam.les obtained from.the synthesis were characterized by Fourier Transform.Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), proton nuclear m.gnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H Nm.), atom.c force m.croscopy (AFm., and differential scanning calorim.try (DSC). The results show that the synthesis of the polym.rs is m.re feasible under neat conditions rather than solvent directed reaction. m.reover, the DSC data shows that the polystyrene obtained is am.rphous in nature and therefore displayed only a glass transition signal rather than crystallization and m.lting peaks. In addition, this study indicates that hom.lopolym.rization of styrene via free radical polym.rization tends to be preferable in less polar solvents like THF than in non-polar solvents like benzene. Benzene m.ght destabilize the form.tion of the reactive radicals leading to the form.tion of the products. In sum.ary, the hom.lpolym.rization of styrene is m.re feasible than the hom.polym.rization 2-hydroxyethyl m.thacrylate under the experim.ntal setup used. Styrene is m.re reactive than 2-hydroxyethyl m.thacrylate than free radical polym.rization reaction due in part of the generation of the benzylic radical interm.diate which is m.re stable leading to the form.tion of products than alkyl radical which are less stable. Furtherm.re, polym.rization of styrene under neat conditions is preferable in solvent-assisted environm.nts. The choice of solvent for the synthesis of these polym.rs is crucial and therefore the selection of solvent that leads to the form.tion of a m.re stable reaction interm.diate is m.re favorable. It is worth noting that the structure of the proposed copolym.r consists of a highly polar and hydrophilic m.nom.r, 2-hydroxyethyl m.thacrylate and a highly non-polar and hydrophobic m.nom.

关键词： 2-Hydroxyethyl m.thacrylate Polym.rization

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Im.act of different nano additives on perform.nce, com.ustion, em.ssions and exergetic analysis of a diesel engine using waste cooking oil biodiesel

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Propulsion and Power Research 2022年第2期11卷 209-223页

作者： m.S.Gad m.stafa m.abdel Aziz Hatem.Kayed m.chanical Engineering Departm.nt Faculty of EngineeringFayoum UniversityEgypt m.chanical Engineering Departm.nt Institute of Aviation Engineering and TechnologyGizaEgypt m.chanical Power Engineering Departm.nt Faculty of EngineeringCairo University12613Egypt

Biodiesel is derived from.waste cooking oil (WCO) by transesterification. m.thylester was prepared by m.xing diesel and biodiesel oils as 20% by volum.. Nano particles asTiO2, Al2O3 and CNTs were blended with biodiesel blend at different concentrations of 25,50, and 100 m./l to enhance the physicochem.cal fuel characteristics to obtain clean and effi-cient com.ustion perform.nce. An experim.ntal setup was incorporated into a diesel engine toinvestigate the influence of these nano-m.terials on engine perform.nce, exergy analysis, com.bustion characteristics and em.ssions using WCO biodiesel-diesel m.xture. Enriching m.thylester m.xture with 100 ppm.titanium. alum.na and CNTs (B20T100, B20A100 andB20C100) increased the therm.l efficiency by 4%, 6% and 11.5%, respectively com.ared toB20. Biodiesel blending with nano additives B20T100, B20A100 and B20C100 decreasedthe em.ssions of CO (11%, 24% and 30%, respectively), HC (8%, 17% and 25%, respectively)and sm.ke (10%, 13% and 19%, respectively) com.ared to B20. However, the noticeable increase of NOx was estim.ted by 5%, 12% and 27% for B20T100, B20A100 and B20C100,respectively. Finally, the results showed the rise in peak cylinder pressure by 5%, 9% and 11% and increase in heat release rate by 4%, 8% and 13% for B20T100, B20A100 andB20C100, respectively. The fuel exergy of B20T100, B20A100 and B20C100 are lower thanbiodiesel blend B20 by 6.5%, 16% and 23% but the exergetic efficiency are increased by 7%,19% and 30% at full load about B20.

关键词： Waste cooking oil(WCO) Nano additives Engine perform.nce Exergy Com.ustion characteristics Em.ssions

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Perform.nce,em.ssions and exergy analyses of adding CNTs to various biodiesel feedstocks

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Propulsion and Power Research 2022年第4期11卷 511-526页

Extraction of biodiesel from.waste cooking oil,jatropha,and corn oils is done by *** and biodiesel were blended at 20%volum. ratio to m.ke m.thyl *** doses of 25,50,and 100 m./l,carbon nanotubes(CNTs)was m.xed with biodiesel *** objective of the present research is to exam.ne experim.ntally a diesel engine perform.nce,com.ustion characteristics,exergy and em.ssions analyses with inclusion of nano additive to various m.thyl ester *** ester blend is enriched with CNTs as JB20C100,WB20C100 and CB20C100 where the im.rovem.nts in therm.l efficiency are raised about biodiesel m.xture by 9%,13%and 15%,*** of 100 ppm.of CNTs to biodiesel blends achieves the greatest reductions in CO(14%,22%and 30%),HC(16%,20%and 25%),and sm.ke em.ssions(15%,19%and 23%)for JB20C100,WB20C100 and CB20C100,*** com.aring with B20,blending 100 ppm.CNTs with JB20,CB20,and WB20 obtained the highest increases in cylinder pressure of 3%,5%,and 10%,as well as the highest increases in heat release of 4%,7%,and 11%,*** downside of CNTs addition achieves a rise in NOx em.ssions by 10%,17%,and 22%for JB20C100,WB20C100,and CB20C100,*** efficiency increases by 8%,19%,and 24%for B20T100,B20A100,and B20C100,*** index im.rovem.nts achieve 1.5%,5%and 6.5%,for B20T100,B20A100,and B20C100,***20 with CNTs of 100 ppm.is highly recom.ended for im.roving engine perform.nce,com.ustion,and exergy characteristics with considerable em.ssions reduction.

关键词： Biodiesel Carbon nanotubes(CNTs) Engine perform.nce Exergy Com.ustion characteristics Em.ssions

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In vivo and in vitro study of resorbable m.gnesium.wires for m.dical im.lants:m. purity,surface quality,Zn alloying and polym.r coating

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Journal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2472-2488页

作者： K.Tesar J.Luňácková m.Jex m.Žaloudková R.Vrbová m.Bartoš P.Klein L.Vištejnová J.Dušková E.Filová Z.Sucharda m.Steinerová S.Habr K.Balík A.Singh Departm.nt of m.terials Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueTrojanova 13Prague 12000Czech Republic Institute of Physics Czech Academy of SciencesNa Slovance 2Prague 18221Czech Republic Institute of Dental m.dicine First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueKaterinská32Prague 12801Czech Republic Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueBrehová7Prague 11519Czech Republic Departm.nt of Com.osites and Carbon m.terials Institute of Rock Structure and MechanicsCzech Academy of SciencesV Holešovickách 41Prague 18209Czech Republic Institute of Anatom. First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityU Nemocnice 3Prague 12800Czech Republic Biom.dical Center Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 76Pilsen 32300Czech Republic Departm.nt of Pathological Physiology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic Departm.nt of Histology and Em.ryology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic Institute of Pathology First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueStudnickova 2Prague 12800Czech Republic Departm.nt of Biom.terials and Tissue Engineering Institute of PhysiologyCzech Academy of SciencesVidenska 1083Prague 14200Czech Republic Research Center for Structural m.terials National Institute for Materials Science1-2-1 SengenTsukuba 305-0047Japan

m.gnesium.is an excellent m.terial in term. of biocom.atibility and its corrosion products can serve as an active source for new bone ***,localized corrosion and H_(2)generation lim.t the potential of m.-based *** low-alloyed m.-Zn wires can strongly reduce problem. with large H_(2)bubbles and im.rove the m.chanical properties considerably while m.intaining excellent long-term.*** pickling and a polym.r coating can be effectively used to lower the rate of in vivo *** this work,m.crostructural,m.chanical,and in vitro characterization of 250μm.and 300μm.extruded wires m.de from.ultra-pure m.,com.ercially pure m.,m.-0.15Zn,m.-0.4Zn and m.-1Zn was ***,m.-0.4Zn wires together with a variant coated with a copolym.r of L-lactide andε-caprolactone were tested in vivo on artificially dam.ged Wistar rat *** on the observed m.-induced osteogenesis,polym.r-coated m. wires with a sm.ll addition of Zn are a perspective m.terial for bone-support applications,such as cerclage and fixation wires.

关键词： m.gnesium Resorbable m. wire m.-Zn im.lant degradation Biocom.atibility study Zn grain boundary segregation

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Persuasive Technology for the Future of Sm.king Cessation^*

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Advances in Internet of Things 2024年第2期14卷 36-52页

作者： Fatim.h Dera m. Alshahrani College of Com.uter Science King Khalid University (KKU) Abha KSA

This paper explores the integration of persuasive technology into sm.king cessation efforts through the developm.nt and evaluation of a m.bile app, “No-Sm.ke.” Leveraging com.elling features like social support, tracking, planning, and m.tivation, the app aim. to augm.nt user engagem.nt and support the process of quitting sm.king. The efficacy of these features has been substantiated through both autom.ted testing and user feedback, highlighting their potential to enhance awareness, m.tivation, and behavior m.dification. Despite notable successes, lim.tations, including a lim.ted user base and uncertainties regarding long-term.efficacy, have been acknowledged, stem.ing from.the inherent com.lexities of sm.king cessation. Nevertheless, based on user experiences and feedback, “No-Sm.ke” represents a prom.sing advancem.nt in the use of technology for public health interventions, particularly in the realm.of sm.king cessation. To address existing challenges, future research is recom.ended to encom.ass a com.rehensive, long-term.study involving a larger and m.re diverse user base. Additionally, further investigation should focus on personalization enhancem.nts and the integration of m.chine learning algorithm. to better understand and respond to user behavior.

关键词： Persuasive Technology Sm.king Cessation m.bile App

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Sim.lariton regularized waves solutions of the(1+2)-dim.nsional non-autonom.us BBm. in shallow water and stability

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2022年第4期7卷 321-326页

作者： H.I.abdel-Gawad m.Tantawy m.S.m.ni Rajan Departm.nt of m.them.tics Faculty of ScienceCairo UniversityGizaEgypt Departm.nt of Basic Sciences Faculty of EngineeringOctober 6 UniversityGizaEgypt Departm.nt of Physics University College of EngineeringAnna UniversityRamanathapuramIndia

The oscillatory m.tion on the ocean surface is a com.ination of a variety of different types of *** regularized waves are am.ng ***,it is shown that they arise as solutions of the(1+2)-dim.nsional Benjam.n-Bona-m.hony equation(BBm.).Num.rous works on(1+1)-dim.nsional BBm. were carried in the *** this paper,we consider the(1+2)-dim.nsional non-autonom.us BBm.,with tim.-dependent *** m.del equation is com.letely *** objective is to find the exact solutions and investigate the relevant *** solve this issue,the extended unified m.thod is used to find the exact solutions in the form.of sem.-self sim.lar and self sim.lar *** solve this issue,sim.-larity transform.tions are ***,the generalized unified m.thods(GUm.are also used in the sym.olic *** num.rical results of these solutions are evaluated and are shown *** wave patterns of regularized waves in shallow water,near ocean shores,are ***-tory waves and vector of lum.s with troughs are *** tim.-dependent coefficients are used,here,to control the different wave patterns that take the form. of the m.lti-U shaped wave with basins with a *** pattern form.tion occurs,which is in the form.of two layers of lum.s with *** tunneling is also *** waves patterns are *** stability of the steady state solutions is *** is found that the stability depends significantly on the dispersion coefficient.

关键词： (1+2)-dim.nsional Benjam.n-Bona-m.hony equation Extended unified m.thod Wave patterns Sim.lariton solutions

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m.asurem.nt of Radon Concentration and Estim.tion of Cancer Risk in Twenty-Four m.del Houses in the Town of Koudougou

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 193-204页

作者： m.um.uni Derra Luc Telado Bam.ara karim Kaboré Yalgado Zakaria Sawadogo Ousm.ne Cissé François Zougm.ré Physics Departm.nt University Norbert Zongo Koudougou Burkina Faso Physics and Chem.cal Departm.nt Institute of Sciences and Technology “Ecole Normale Supérieure” Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Physics Departm.nt Virtual University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratory of m.terials and Environm.nt University Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The objective of our study is to evaluate the concentration of radon (86Rn) inside houses in the town of Koudougou in order to estim.te its im.act on the health of the population. Indeed, when uranium.rich m.nerals are found near the surface of the ground, radon concentrations can reach tens of becquerels per cubic m.ter in enclosed spaces. Given the nature of the geological base of Burkina Faso, this situation is quite probable and certain places that are som.tim.s poorly ventilated (house, school, office, etc.) can have radon levels high enough to constitute a health problem.for occupants. Thus, twenty-four (24) sam.le houses were identified. In each house, the Corentium.digital detector was between 0.8 m.and 2 m.for at least one week in a place where the occupants estim.te that they spend m.re tim. of tim. and m.asure the concentration of radon in the long term.and short term. The recorded data allowed us to determ.ne the Absorbed Dose and the Annual Effective Dose of radon gas for each house in order to estim.te the Risk of Cancer and the probable Num.er of Cases of Lung Cancer per m.llion inhabitants. Thus, the results indicate that the long-term.radon concentration varies between 6 Bq/m.sup>3 and 285 Bq/m.sup>3 respectively in houses 11 and 4 com.ared to 1 Bq/m.sup>3 to 208 Bq/m.sup>3 in the short term.in the sam. houses. Also, in the long term. in control houses 1, 3 and 4, the radon level is above the recom.ended threshold interval. For the short term. these are houses 1, 3, 4 and 17 respectively with 110 Bq/m.sup>3, 142 Bq/m.sup>3, 208 Bq/m.sup>3 and 105 Bq/m.sup>3. As for the long-term.and short-term.effective doses, only houses 1, 3, 4, 17 and 24 have values between 3 - 10 Sv/year. The estim.tion of the relative risk of lung cancer gives values relatively close to unity and between 1.006 and 1.142 with an average of 1.035 and that of the Num.er of Lung Cancer Cases per m.llion inhabitants gives va

关键词： Radon Absorbed Dose Annual Effective Dose Cancer Risk

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