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Snowstorm over the Southwestern Coast of the Korean Peninsula Associated with the Development of mesocyclone over the Yellow Sea

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2008年第5期25卷 765-777页

作者： Ki-Young HEO Kyung-ja ha Division of Earth Environmental System College of Natural Sciences Pusan National University Korea

This study investigates the characteristics of a heavy snowfall event over the southwestern part of the Korean Peninsula on 4 December 2005. The snowstorm was a type of mesoscale maritime cyclone which resulted from barotropic instability, and diabatic heating from the warm ocean in continental polar air masses. Based on surface observations, radiosonde soundings, mTsaT-1R satellite data and the 10-km grid RDAPS （Regional Assimilation and Prediction System based on the PSU/NCAR mm5） data, the evolution of the mesocyclone is explained by the following dynamics; （1） In the initial stage, the primary role in the cyclogenesis process of the mesocyclone is a barotropic instability in the horizontal shear zone. （2） In the developing stage, the mesocyclone moves and deepens into a baroclinic zone corresponding to the surface heating and moistening. （3） In the mature stage, it is found that the mesocyclone is intensified by the destabilization caused by enhanced low-level heating and condensation, the moisture flux convergence, and the interaction between upper and lower-level potential vorticity anomalies. We suggest that a checklist with stepwise indicators responsible for development be prepared for the forecasting of heavy snowfall over the southwestern part of the Korean Peninsula.

关键词： heavy snowfall mesocyclone baroclinic instability barotropic instability stepwise roles potential vorticity anomalies

Implementation of Turbulent mixing over a Stratocumulus-Topped Boundary Layer and Its Impact in a GCm

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2009年第5期26卷 995-1004页

作者： Sun-Hee SHIN Kyung-ja ha Division of Earth Environmental System Pusan National University

The effect of a vertical diffusion scheme over a stratocumulus topped boundary layer （STBL） was investigated using the YONU AGCm （Yonsei university Atmospheric General Circulation model）. To consider the impact of clouds on the turbulence production, the turbulence mixing term, driven by radiative cooling at the cloud top, is implemented as an extended non-local diffusion scheme. In the model with this new scheme, the STBL parameterization significantly influences the lower atmosphere over the tropical and subtropical regions. Consideration of the turbulent mixing within the cloud layer leads to continuous stratocumulus formation. The cloud-top radiative cooling tends to favor more rapid entrainment and produces top-down turbulent mixing. This cooling develops a mixed layer without initiation of deep convection by surface fluxes. Variations in thermodynamical and dynamical features are produced by planetary boundary layer （PBL） cloud development. The simulated stratocumulus induces more mixing of heat and moisture due to the cloud forcing. Over STBL regions, the lower boundary layer becomes warmer and drier. It also weakens vertical motion and zonal trade winds in the eastern Pacific, which indicates that stratocumulus cloud cover plays a role in weakening the Walker circulation; that is, cloud cover damps the tropical circulation.

关键词： stratocumulus topped boundary layer non-local diffusion scheme tropical circulation general circulation model

Nonlinear Local Lya.unov Exponent and Quantification of Local Predictability

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第5期25卷 1919-1922页

作者：丁瑞强李建平 ha Kyung-ja State Key Laboratory of Numerical modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 Division of Earth Environmental ~System Pusan National University Busan 609- 735 Korea

Nonlinear local Lya.unov exponent （NLLE） is applied to quantitatively determine the local predictability limit of chaotic systems. As an example, we find that the local predictability limit of Henon attractor varies considerably with time, and some underlying phase-spatial structure does not appear. The local predictability limit of initially adjacent points in phase space may be completely different. This will cause difficulties in making the long-time analogue forecast.

关键词： ATmOSPHERIC PREDICTABILITY

Decadal Changes in Climatological Intraseasonal Fluctuation of Subseasonal Evolution of Summer Precipitation over the Korean Peninsula in the mid-1990s

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2011年第3期28卷 591-600页

作者： Wonmoo KIm Jong-Ghap JHun Kyung-ja ha masahide KImOTO School of Earth and Environmental Sciences/Research Institute of Oceanography Seoul National University151-742Korea Divison of Earth Environmental System Pusan National University609-735Korea Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute University of Tokyo277-8564Japan

Decadal changes in the subseasonal evolution and the phase-locked climatological intraseasonal fluctuation of summertime rainfall over the Korean Peninsula before and after the mid-1990s are *** activity and the migration speed of the monsoon rain band over the East Asian region are altered in the recent decade,resulting in the drier conditions in late spring and the earlier onset of *** early August when a climatological monsoon break was clear in the earlier decade,the precipitation has increased dramatically with a meridional *** response to the enhanced convection over the South China Sea and southeastern China provides a favorable condition for more precipitation in early August through the changes in moisture transport and tropical cyclone passage.

关键词： decadal change intraseasonal fluctuation East Asian summer monsoon

Effect of ultrasound on reverse leakage current of silicon Schottky barrier structure

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Journal of Semiconductors 2016年第12期37卷 5-11页

作者： O.ya Olikh K.V.Voitenko R.m.Burbelo ja m.Olikh Faculty of Physics Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv V Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

The influence of ultrasonic loading on reverse current-voltage characteristics of mo/n-n＋-Si structures has been investigated. The research of leakage current variation has been carried out for various ultrasonic wave frequencies （4.1 and 8.4 mHz）, intensities （up to 0.8 W/cm2） and loading temperatures （130-330 K）. The observed reversible acoustically induced increase in reverse currents was as large as 60%. It has been found that dominant charge transfer mechanisms are the thermionic emission （at high temperature） and the phonon-assisted tunneling （at low temperature）. The ultrasound loading affects both processes due to the decrease of Schottky barrier height and binding energy of the electron on the trap.

关键词： Schottky contact leakage current ultrasound influence

Two Types of Diurnal Variations in Heavy Rainfall during July over Korea

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第12期38卷 2201-2211页

作者： Chang-Kyun PARK minhee ChaNG Chang-Hoi HO Kyung-ja ha Jinwon KIm Byung-Ju SOHN School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea School of Earth and Environmental Systems Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Korea Center for Climate Physics Institute for Basic ScienceBusan 46241Korea National Institute of meteorological Sciences Korean Meteorological AdministrationJeju 63568Korea

This study examined the characteristics of the diurnal variations of heavy rainfall(≥110 mm in 12 hours)in Korea and the related atmospheric circulation for July from 1980−*** the analysis period,two dominant pattens of diurnal variation of the heavy rainfall emerged:all-day heavy rainfall(AD)and morning only heavy rainfall(mO)*** the AD-type,the heavy rainfall is caused by a.undant moisture content in conjunction with active convection in the morning(0000−1200,LST;LST=UTC+9)and the afternoon hours(1200−2400 LST).These systems are related to the enhanced moisture inflow and upward motion induced by the strengthening of the western North Pacific subtropical high and upper-tropospheric *** the mO-type,heavy rainfall occurs mostly in the morning hours;the associated atmospheric patterns are similar to the *** find that the atmospheric pattern related to severe heavy rainfalls in 2020 corresponds to a typical AD-type and resembles the 1991 heavy-rainfall system in its overall synoptic/mesoscale *** present results imply that extremely heavy rainfall episodes in Korea during the 2020 summer may occur again in the future associated with the recurring atmospheric phenomenon related to the heavy rainfall.

关键词： heavy rainfall diurnal cycle of rainfall 2020 summer summer rainy season Korea

The G-protein α subunit GhGPA positively regulates Gossypium hirsutum resistance to Verticillium dahliae via induction of sa and ja signaling pathways and ROS accumulation

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The Crop Journal 2021年第4期9卷 823-833页

作者： Bin Chen yan Zhang Jun yang man Zhang Qingming ma Xingfen Wang Zhiying ma State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001HebeiChina

Verticillium wilt, a devastating disease in cotton caused by Verticillium dahliae, reduces cotton quality and yield. Heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins, consisting of Ga, Gb, and Gc subunits, transducers of receptor signaling, function in a wide range of biological events. However, the function of Ga proteins in the regulation of defense responses in plants is largely unexplored, except for a few reports on model species. In the present study, a cotton G-protein a-subunit-encoding gene(GhGPA) was isolated from Verticillium wilt-resistant Gossypium hirsutum(upland cotton) cv. ND601. GhGPA transcription was up-regulated under V. dahliae stress, with higher expression in tolerant than in susceptible cotton *** localization revealed GhGPA to be located in the plasma membrane. GhGPA shows high(85.0%) identity with Arabidopsis AT2 G26300(AtGPA1), and AtGPA1 gpa1-4 mutants displayed susceptibility to V. dahliae. Ectopic expression of GhGPA successfully restored the resistance of Arabidopsis gpa1-4 mutants to Verticillium wilt and made them more resistant than the wild type. Overexpression of GhGPA in Arabidopsis markedly increased the resistance and resulted in dramatic up-regulation of pathogenesis-related(PR) genes and increased in H2 O2 accumulation and salicylic acid(sa) and jasmonic acid(ja) contents. However, suppressing GhGPA expression via virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)increased susceptibility to Verticillium wilt, down-regulated the expression of PR and marker genes in sa and ja signaling pathways, and reduced H2 O2 content. The contents of sa and ja in Arabidopsis gpa1-4 and VIGS cotton were lower than those in the wild type and empty-vector control. However,GhGPA-overexpressing Arabidopsis contained more sa and ja than the wild type when inoculated with V. dahliae. Thus, GhGPA plays a vital role in Verticillium wilt resistance by inducing sa and ja signaling pathways and regulating the production of reactive oxygen species. These findings

关键词： Gossypium hirsutum GhGPA Verticillium wilt Pathogenesis-related genes ROS

Preface to the Special Issue:Climate Change and Variability of Tropical Cyclone Activity

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第2期39卷 203-204页

作者： Liguang WU Bin WANG Johnny CLChaN Kyung-ja ha Il-Ju mOON Jun maTSUmOTO Zhemin TAN Ke FAN Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China International Pacific Research Center School of Ocean and Earth Science and TechnologyUniversity of HawaiiHonoluluHI 96822USA School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Center for Climate Sciences Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241South Korea Typhoon Research Center Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243South Korea Research Center for Climatology Department of GeographyTokyo Metropolitan UniversityTokyo 192-0392Japan School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

Tropical cyclones(TCs) are one of the most destructive natural phenomena on Earth in terms of human-life and economic losses. It is currently a matter of prodigious public and scientific interest how TC activity has changed and will change in a warming climate. This special issue focuses on a challenging subject raised in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) report and numerous research papers.

关键词： warming Earth raised

Interdecadal shift in the relationship between the East Asian summer monsoon and the tropical Indian Ocean

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Interdecadal shift in the relationship between the East Asia...