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Intrumer:A Multi Module Distributed Explainable IDs/IPs for securing Cloud Environment

Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 579-607页

作者： Nazreen Banu A s.k.B.sangeetha Department of Computer science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyVadapalani CampusChennai600026Tamil NaduIndia

The increasing use of cloud-based devices has reached the critical point of cybersecurity and unwanted network.*** environments pose significant challenges in maintaining privacy and *** approaches,such as IDs,have been developed to tack.e these ***,most conventional Intrusion Detection system(IDs)models struggle with unseen cyberattack. and complex high-dimensional *** fact,this paper introduces the idea of a novel distributed explainable and heterogeneous transformer-based intrusion detection system,named INTRUMER,which offers balanced accuracy,reliability,and security in cloud settings bymultiplemoduleswork.ng together within *** traffic captured from cloud devices is first passed to the TC&TM module in which the Falcon Optimization Algorithm optimizes the feature selection process,and Naie Bayes algorithm performs the classification of *** selected features are classified further and are forwarded to the Heterogeneous Attention Transformer(HAT)*** this module,the contextual interactions of the network.traffic are tak.n into account to classify them as normal or malicious *** classified results are further analyzed by the Explainable Prevention Module(XPM)to ensure trustworthiness by providing interpretable *** the explanations fromthe classifier,emergency alarms are transmitted to nearby IDsmodules,servers,and underlying cloud devices for the enhancement of preventive *** experiments on benchmark.IDs datasets CICIDs 2017,Honeypots,and NsL-k.D were conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the INTRUMER model in detecting network.trafficwith high accuracy for different *** outperforms state-of-the-art approaches,obtaining better performance metrics:98.7%accuracy,97.5%precision,96.3%recall,and 97.8%*** results validate the robustness and effectiveness of INTRUMER in securing diverse cloud environments against sophisticated cyber threats.

关键词： Cloud computing intrusion detection system transformers and explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)

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Photoluminescence upgradation of La_(2)MgTiO_(6):2%Dy^(3+) perovsk.te with monovalent(Li^(+)),divalent(Ba^(2+),sr^(2+)) and trivalent(Bi^(3+),sm^(3+))cation sensitization

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 47-56,I0002页

作者： V.P.Veena k.Arun C.k.shilpa s.V.Jasira k.M.Nissamudeen school of Pure and Applied Physics Kannur UniversityPayyanur CampusEdatKannurKrala67 India Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Kannur UniversityPayyanur CampusEdatkannurKerala670327India

Nano phosphors of 2%Dy^(3+)(wt%)doped La_(2)MgTiO_(6) and monovalent/divalent/trivalent co-doped La_(1.98)Dy_(0.02)MgTiO_(6):x%A^(y+)(A^(y+):Li+,Ba^(2+),sr^(2+),Bi^(3+),and sm^(3+);0≤x≤2 wt%)were synthesized by combustion *** the XRD data,it is deduced that an increase in the valency of co-dopant increases the crystallinity of the double perovsk.te orthorhombic nanocrystal *** an increase in co-dopant size,an elevation in optical bandgap is visible with the highest bandgap of 3.835 eV for Bi^(3+).The photo-absorption is monotonically broadened for sr^(2+),sm^(3+),and Li+around 200-450 ***351 nm,Dy^(3+)triggered lattice shows major characteristic emission peak. at 480 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(15/2)),574 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(13/2)),and 670 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(11/2)).leading to near white light emission with CIE coordinates(0.341,0.376).Upon co-doping,the PL intensity is significantly increased with maximum emission for trivalent sm^(3+),followed by divalent sr^(2+)and monovalent Li+*** increasing excitation wavelength,sr^(2+)shows a dominated output and it is found that divalent sr^(2+)is a potential codopant that could enhance luminescence intensity up to 6 times with a sr^(2+)→Dy^(3+)energy transfer efficiency of 86%.It is specified that the CIE coordinates of Li+co-doped samples show ideal white emission with color coordinates(0.333,0.336).The concluding outcomes signify the noblest rare earth sm^(3+)co-doping and thus sm^(3+)→Dy^(3+)energy transfer mechanism is discussed in detail.

关键词： Photoluminescence Perovsk.te WLED Co-doping Rareearths

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The deflection angle and quasi-periodic oscillations of an extended gravitational decoupled black.hole solution

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2025年第2期77卷 132-147页

作者： Farzan Mushtaq Xia Tiecheng Allah Ditta G Mustafa s k.Maurya Department of Mathematics Shanghai University and Newtouch Center for Mathematics of Shanghai University Department of Physics Zhejiang Normal University Research Center of Astrophysics and Cosmology Khazar University Department of Mathematical and Physical sciences College of Arts and Sciences University of Nizwa

In weak.field limits, we compute the deflection angle of a gravitational decoupling extended black.hole(BH) solution. We obtained the Gaussian optical curvature by examining the null geodesic equations with the help of Gauss–Bonnet theorem(GBT). We also looked into the deflection angle of light by a black.hole in weak.field limits with the use of the Gibbons–Werner method. We verify the graphical behavior of the black.hole after determining the deflection angle of light. Additionally, in the presence of the plasma medium, we also determine the deflection angle of the light and examine its graphical behavior. Furthermore, we compute the Einstein ring via gravitational decoupling extended black.hole solution. We also compute the quasi-periodic oscillations and discuss their graphical behavior.

关键词： deflection of light Gauss-Bonnet theorem gravitational decoupling

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Nucleoside modified mRNA-lipid nanoparticles as a new delivery platform for the repair of the injured spinal cord

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2311-2312页

作者： k.isztián Pajer Tamás Bellák.Antal Nógrádi Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary

spinal cord injury and treatment opportunities:The adult mammalian spinal cord has a very limited capacity for spontaneous regeneration due to various intrinsic molecular and cellular *** the spinal cord neurons have the capacity to regenerate their axons,the expression of growth inhibitory factors,lack.or suppression of proper guidance cues,and profound inflammatory responses do not permit successful regeneration(k.yeam et al.,2021).

关键词： injured capacity modified

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Mantle Field Radiation for Hodgk.n’s Lymphoma: An Effective Treatment, But at What Cost?

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Pain studies and Treatment 2025年第1期13卷 1-7页

作者： Colin Campbell Terence k. Gray College of Liberal Arts Bowdoin College Brunswick Maine USA Maine Comprehensive Pain Management Scarborough Maine USA Anesthesiology/Pain Management University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine (UNECOM) Biddeford Maine USA

This retrospective case study investigates the clinical presentation of a 53-year-old female who underwent mantle field radiotherapy roughly 26 years ago. This patient presents with diffuse muscle atrophy and weak.ess in the cervical musculature, as well as sensory deficits in the upper extremities. We sought to compare our patient’s symptoms with other patients who had been formally diagnosed with Dropped Head syndrome (DHs) by reviewing the existing literature. We found that the clinical presentation under investigation was consistent with other patients who had received radiotherapy for Hodgk.ns’s disease and were then diagnosed with DHs. Electromyography (EMG), nerve conduction studies, and a cervical MRI were unable to identify a separate neurological cause for the symptoms, but the MRI did confirm the presence of diffuse muscle atrophy in the cervical musculature. After reviewing the existing literature and imaging results, we compared our patient’s symptoms to those that define DHs, and both the time of onset, presenting symptoms, and progressing course are consistent with a diagnosis of Dropped Head syndrome.

关键词： Mantle Field Radiotherapy Radiation Injury Dropped Head syndrome Cervical spine Weak.ess Cervical Extensor Muscle Weak.ess

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Real-world cost-effectiveness of targeted temperature management in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors: results from an academic medical center

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2025年第1期16卷 28-34页

作者： Wachira Wongtanasarasin Daniel k.Nishijima Wanrudee Isaranuwatchai Jeff rey s.Hoch Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty of MedicineChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Emergency Medicine University of California Davis School of MedicineSacramento 95817USA Health Intervention and Technology Assessment Program Ministry of Public HealthBangkok 11000Thailand Institute of Health Policy Management and EvaluationUniversity of TorontoToronto M5T 3M6Canada Division of Health Policy and Management Department of Public Health SciencesUniversity of California Davis School of MedicineSacramento 95817USA Center for Healthcare Policy and Research University of California Davis School of MedicineSacramento 95817USA

BACk.ROUND: Targeted temperature management(TTM) is a common therapeutic intervention, yet its cost-effectiveness remains uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the real-world cost-effectiveness of TTM compared with that of conventional care in adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest(OHCA) survivors using clinical patient-level ***: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at an academic medical center in the UsA to assess the cost-effectiveness of TTM in adult non-traumatic OHCA survivors between 1 January, 2019 and 30 June, 2023. The primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios(ICERs) were calculated and compared with various decision mak.rs' willingness to pay. Cost-effectiveness acceptability curves were utilized to evaluate the economic attractiveness of TTM. Uncertainty about the incremental cost and effect was explored with a 95% confidence ***: Among 925 non-traumatic OHCA survivors, only 30(3%) received TTM. After adjusting for potential confounders, the TTM group did not demonstrate a significantly lower cost(delta cost-$5,141, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: $-35,347 to $25,065, P=0.79) and higher survival to hospital discharge(delta effect 6%, 95% CI:-11% to 23%, P=0.41). Additionally, a 95% confidence ellipse indicated uncertainty reflected by evidence that the true value of the ICER could be in any of the quadrants of the cost-effectiveness ***: Although TTM did not demonstrate a clear survival benefit in this study, its potential cost-effectiveness warrants further investigation with larger sample sizes. These findings highlight the need for additional research to optimize TTM use in OHCA care and inform resource allocation decisions.

关键词： Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest Targeted temperature management Cost-effectiveness survival Real-world data

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Information security, Ethics, and Integrity in LLM Agent Interaction

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Journal of Information security 2025年第1期16卷 184-196页

作者： Ying-Jung Chen Vijay k. Madisetti College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA school of Cybersecurity & Privacy Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA

This study addresses security and ethical challenges in LLM-based Multi-Agent systems, as exemplified in a block.hain fraud detection case study. Leveraging block.hain’s secure architecture, the framework.involves specialized LLM Agents—ContractMining, Investigative, Ethics, and PerformanceMonitor, coordinated by a ManagerAgent. Baseline LLM models achieved 30% accuracy with a threshold method and 94% accuracy with a random-forest method. The Claude 3.5-powered LLM system reached an accuracy of 92%. Ethical evaluations revealed biases, highlighting the need for fairness-focused refinements. Our approach aims to develop trustworthy and reliable network. of agents capable of functioning even in adversarial environments. To our k.owledge, no existing systems employ ethical LLM agents specifically designed to detect fraud, mak.ng this a novel contribution. Future work.will focus on refining ethical framework., scaling the system, and benchmark.ng it against traditional methods to establish a robust, adaptable, and ethically grounded solution for block.hain fraud detection.

关键词： Multi LLM Agents systems Block.hain Cooperative Interactions Fraud Detection Ethics and safety

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Retrospective Review Investigating the Efficacy of the Gray/Campbell Migraine Injection Protocol for OnabotulinumtoxinA (A Modified PREEMPT Injection Paradigm for Chronic Migraine Treatment)

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Pain studies and Treatment 2025年第1期13卷 14-26页

作者： Colin Campbell Terence k. Gray Ajay Challapalli Grace Gray College of Liberal Arts Bowdoin College Brunswick Maine USA Maine Comprehensive Pain Management Scarborough Maine USA Anesthesiology/Pain Management University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine (UNECOM) Biddeford Maine USA Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine Dothan Alabama USA College of Liberal Arts Bates College Lewiston Maine USA

Chronic migraine is a potentially debilitating condition that can be detrimental to someone’s quality of life. Clinical data has proven OnabotulinumtoxinA (BoNT-A) to be an effective prophylactic treatment for chronic headache types, and it is now regularly employed by headache treatment centers. The PREEMPT injection protocol has become the standard treatment regimen surrounding Botox injections for chronic migraine treatment since it was granted approval by the FDA in 2010. This retrospective chart review of patients treated for chronic migraine at Maine Comprehensive Pain Management in scarborough, Maine, presents an alteration to the standard PREEMPT injection paradigm that reinforces the efficacy of Botox for chronic migraine treatment. We will discuss our Modified PREEMPT injection paradigm, which yields a positive clinical response rate of 95% of patients achieving at least 50% improvement in their migraine headaches. This appears to be the highest established response rate in the literature to date.

关键词： OnabotulinumtoxinA Botox Injection

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Experimental study on a Hybrid Battery Thermal Management system Combining Oscillating Heat Pipe and Liquid Cooling

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Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer 2025年第1期23卷 299-324页

作者： Hongk.n Lu M. M. Noor k. k.dirgama school of Automotive Engineering Jiangxi Polytechnic University Jiujiang 332000 China Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdul-lah Pekan 26600 Malaysia Centre for Research in Advanced Fluid & Processes Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdul-lah Pekan 26600 Malaysia Institute of sustainable and Renewable Energy (IsuRE) Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) Kota Samarahan 94300 Malaysia

To improve the thermal performance and temperature uniformity of battery pack. this paper presents a novel battery thermal management system (BTMs) that integrates oscillating heat pipe (OHP) technology with liquid cooling. The primary innovation of the new hybrid BTMs lies in the use of an OHP with vertically arranged evaporator and condenser, enabling dual heat transfer pathways through liquid cooling plate and OHP. This study experimentally investigates the performance characteristics of the ⊥-shaped OHP and hybrid BTMs. Results show that lower filling ratios significantly enhance the OHP’s startup performance but reduce operational stability, with optimal performance achieved at a 26.1% filling ratio. Acetone, as a single work.ng fluid, exhibited superior heat transfer performance under low-load conditions compared to mixed fluids, while the acetone/ethanol mixture, forming a non-azeotropic solution, minimized temperature fluctuations. At 100 W, the ⊥-shaped OHP with a horizontally arranged evaporator demonstrated better heat transfer performance than 2D-OHP designs. Compared to a liquid BTMs using water coolant at 280 W, the hybrid BTMs reduced the equivalent thermal resistance ( R BTMs ) and maximum temperature difference ( ΔT max ) by 8.06% and 19.1%, respectively. When graphene nanofluid was used as the coolant in hybrid BTMs, the battery pack.s average temperature ( T b ) dropped from 52.2°C to 47.9°C, with R BTMs and ΔT max decreasing by 20.1% and 32.7%, respectively. These findings underscore the hybrid BTMs’s suitability for high heat load applications, offering a promising solution for electric vehicle thermal management.

关键词： Battery thermal management system oscillating heat pipe liquid cooling hybrid BTMs graphene nanofluid

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spherical quantum dot described by a scalar exponential potential under the influence of a linear electric field

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2025年第2期77卷 172-175页

作者： k.Bak.e Departamento de Física Universidade Federal da Paraíba

We study the confinement of a spinless charged particle to a spherical quantum dot under the influence of a linear electric field. The spherical quantum dot is described by a short-range potential given by the power-exponential potential. Then, by analysing the region near the spherical quantum dot centre, we discuss two cases where the energy levels can be obtained for s-waves and how the linear electric field modifies the spectrum of energy of the spherical quantum dot.

关键词： spherical quantum dot power-exponential potential short-range potential linear electric field

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