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Summer extreme precipitation patterns and synoptic-scale circulation precursors over the Tibetan Plateau

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1625-1638页

作者： Zhiyuan DING Yao ha Zhong ZHONG College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Key Laboratory for Virtual Geographic Environment School of Geography ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change School of Atmospheric SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

In the context of global warming,the extreme summer precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau(TP)has changed *** this study,the summer(June–August)extreme precipitation on the TP was classified into three spatial types by applying the K-means clustering method to the Third Pole Region long time-series high-resolution(1/30°)precipitation dataset(TPHi Pr,1979–2020).The characteristics of the circulation anomalies and precursors corresponding to the extreme precipitation on the TP in summer during 1979–2020 were *** results showed that the summer extreme precipitation of the TP can be categorized into northwestern(NW),southeastern(SE),and southern Himalayan(HS)types based on extreme precipitation *** NW and SE types are mainly influenced by anomalous signals in the mid-to-high latitude regions upstream of them,whereas the HS type is controlled by the localized subtropical anomalous *** the 8th day before the onset of the NW type,an anomalous cyclone was observed in the western Atlantic Ocean(60°W,50°N),which triggered the west-to-east quasi-latitudinal propagation of Rossby *** the onset day of the NW type,the upper troposphere showed positive-negative-positive geopotential height anomalies along the latitudinal 40°N from the Caspian Sea,the western part of Xinjiang,to the northeastern *** entered from the Arabian Sea along the southeastern edge of the anomalous cyclone on the southwestern TP and converged in the northwestern *** to the NW type,the precursors of the SE type appeared at higher latitudes and were more *** the 8th day before the onset of the SE type,an anomalous cyclone occurred near Greenland(60°W,70°N)and excited Rossby waves propagating *** the onset day of the SE type,the upper troposphere showed negative-positive-negative geopotential height anomalies across Eurasia from the Ural Mountains and the Iranian Plateau to the northern TP in the northwest-southeast directi

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Summer extreme precipitation Atmospheric circulation anomaly Precursor Teleconnection wave train

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Probiotics intervention in colorectal cancer:From traditional approaches to novel strategies

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第1期137卷 8-20页

作者： Suki ha Xiang Zhang Jun Yu Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics State Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseaseLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

The intestine harbors a large population of microorganisms that interact with epithelial cells to maintain host healthy physiological *** intestinal microbiota engage in the fermentation of non-digestible nutrients and produce beneficial metabolites to regulate host homeostasis,metabolism,and immune *** disruption of microbiota,known as dysbiosis,has been implicated in many intestinal diseases,including colorectal cancer(CRC).As the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide,CRC poses a significant health *** is an urgent need for novel interventions to reduce CRC incidence and improve clinical *** the intestinal microbiota has emerged as a promising approach for CRC prevention and *** research efforts in CRC probiotics primarily focus on reducing the incidence of CRC,alleviating treatment-related side effects,and potentiating the efficacy of anticancer therapy,which is the key to successful translation to clinical *** paper aims to review the traditional probiotics and new interventions,such as next-generation probiotics and postbiotics,in the context of *** underlying mechanisms of probiotic anti-cancer effects are also discussed,including the restoration of microbial composition,reinforcement of gut barrier integrity,induction of cancer cell apoptosis,inactivation of carcinogens,and modulation of host immune *** paper further evaluates the novel strategy of probiotics as an adjuvant therapy in boosting the efficacy of chemotherapy and *** all the promising findings presented in studies,the evaluation of potential risks,optimization of delivery methods,and consideration of intra-patient variability of gut microbial baseline must be thoroughly interpreted before bench-to-bedside translation.

关键词： colorectal cancer probiotics gut microbiota dysbiosis adjuvant therapy immune modulation gut barrrier

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Nature-based Natural-hazard Preparedness:A Cross Section of Categorized Examples

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Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 2024年第1期6卷 33-44页

作者： Kyoo-Man ha Faculty of Resilience Rabdan AcademyAbu Dhabi114646UAE

Despite prevailing interests,no rigorous research has been conducted to examine the role of nature in natural-hazard *** systematic review aimed to describe how nature can reduce the impacts of natural hazards during the preparedness *** study focuses on the land,water,and air systems and on three types of stakeholders:international organizations,developed countries,and developing ***,it provides supplementary strategies,such as immediate actions,local engagement,and research and development,that the stakeholders should apply to enhance their nature-based natural-hazard *** suggest integrating costs and benefits analysis,local culture,societal challenges,and environmental justice into the implementation of nature-based ***,this review outlines the framework of nature-based natural-hazard preparedness by discussing the relationship between nature and society.

关键词： Nature-based solutions Costs and benefits Land Integration Society

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A pipeline to characterize p53 effectors by integrative cistrome and transcriptome analysis in a genetically-defined organoid model

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 512-515页

作者： June-ha Shin Hwa-Ryeon Kim Jae-Seok Roe Department of Biochemistry College of Life Science and BiotechnologyYonsei UniversitySeoul 120-749Republic of Korea

Tumor-protein 53(p53)is a transcription factor(TF)encoded by TP53(Trp53 in mice)and is a master regulator of tumor-suppressive programs'.Importantly,TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancer,and its loss of function contributes to tumor development,exemplified by variable p53 mutations detected in 50%-75%of pancreatic cancers.2 From these perceptions,a number of targets transcribed by p53 that confer tumor suppression have been ***,our understanding of how p53 prevents normal cells from initiating tumorigenesis is still *** complement this limitation,herein,we established a new approach to identify underlying effectors transcribed by p53 in normal physiology.

关键词： incomplete initiating herein

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Integrated strategies on cobalt phosphides-based electrocatalysts for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction

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Tungsten 2024年第3期6卷 488-503页

作者： Thanh Dam Mai ha Huu Do Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Technology Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade VKTech Research Center NTT Hi-Tech Institute Nguyen Tat Thanh University

The development of cost-effective and durable hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) electrocatalysts plays a vital role in dealing with the issues related to carbon dioxide *** phosphide-based nanomaterials are evaluated as promising advocates for HER due to high catalytic activities,good stability,and rich *** review commences with an exploration of the synthetic pathways of CoP,including solid-phase,solution-phase along with electrochemical ***,the mechanism of hydrogen formation is expressed thoroughly,after which various integrated strategies of morphology engineering with doping,assisted highly conductive materials,and construction of heterostructure were introduced for ***,burdensome tasks and possible guidance for the advancement of CoP-based nanomaterials were discussed for hydrogen production.

关键词： Cobalt phosphides Nanomaterials Electrocatalysts Hydrogen evolution reaction

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Elasto-inertial microfluidic separation of microspheres with submicron resolution at high-throughput

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 203-216页

作者： Hyunwoo Jeon Song ha Lee Jongho Shin Kicheol Song Nari Ahn Jinsoo Park Department of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University77 Yongbong-ro Buk-guGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Analytical Engineering Team Samsung Display Co.Ltd.181 Samsung-roTangjeong-myeonAsan-siChungcheongnam-do 31454Republic of Korea

Elasto-inertial microfluidic separation offers many advantages including high throughput and separation *** though the separation efficiency highly depends on precise control of the flow conditions,no concrete guidelines have been reported yet in elasto-inertial ***,we propose a dimensionless analysis for precise estimation of the microsphere behaviors across the interface of Newtonian and viscoelastic *** number,modified Weissenberg number,and modified elastic number are used to investigate the balance between inertial and elastic lift *** on the findings,we introduce a new dimensionless number defined as the width of the Newtonian fluid stream divided by microsphere *** proposed dimensionless analysis allows us to predict whether the microspheres migrate across the co-flow *** theoretical estimation is found to be in good agreement with the experimental results using 2.1-and 3.2-μm-diameter polystyrene microspheres in a co-flow of water and polyethylene oxide *** on the theoretical estimation,we also realize submicron separation of the microspheres with 2.1 and 2.5μm in diameter at high throughput,high purity(>95%),and high recovery rate(>97%).The applicability of the proposed method was validated by separation of platelets from similar-sized Escherichia coli(***).

关键词： solution. separation estimation

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The Effect of Moisture in Different Altitude Layers on the Eastward Propagation of MJO

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第3期38卷 437-452页

作者： Xiaoyu ZHU Zhong ZHONG Yimin ZHU Yunying LI Yijia HU Yao ha College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410000China Key Laboratory for Virtual Geographic Environment School of Geography ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change School of Atmospheric SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing210000China

In this study,driven by ERA5 reanalysis data,the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)version 4.0 was used to investigate the eastward propagation of the Madden-Julian oscillation(MJO)in the tropical atmosphere during December-February(DJF)of 2007/*** experiment with 11 cumulus parameterization schemes respectively shows that the Grell 3D scheme is one of several worse ones in describing MJO *** addition,still by use of the Grell 3D scheme,four nudging assimilation experiments for water vapor in all model vertical layers(Ndg_all),lower layers(Ndg_low),middle layers(Ndg_mid),and upper layers(Ndg_upp)were *** is found that when the water vapor in the model approaches to the observed value,the model performance for MJO activities is improved *** the four nudging simulations,Ndg_all certainly performs *** Ndg_mid is important for the MJO-filtered profiles related to moisture,Ndg_low and Ndg_upp exhibit superiority to Ndg_mid in simulating MJO eastward ***_low has advantages when MJO features are represented by zonal wind at 850 hPa and precipitation because the lower-level MJO-filtered moisture is conducive to the existence of lower-level condensational heating to the east of the MJO convective ***_upp performs better when describing the MJO eastward propagation features by outgoing longwave radiation(OLR)since it can capture the moisture and cloud top temperature of deep convection associated with MJO,as well as front Walker *** results suggest that the lower-level moisture is more important in regulating the MJO eastward propagation,and the observed maximum MJO-filtered moisture in the middle troposphere might be a phenomenon accompanying the MJO deep convection,but not a factor controlling its eastward propagation.

关键词： Madden-Julian oscillation(MJO) nudging technique Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model vertical moisture structure

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Use of Patient-Specific “4D” Tele-Education to Enhance Actual and Perceived Knowledge in Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) Patients

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第1期19卷 5-17页

作者： Molly Clarke Karin hamann Nancy klein Laura Olivieri Yue-Hin Loke Department of Inpatient Cardiology Boston Children’s HospitalBoston02115USA Department of Cardiology Children’s National HospitalWashington20001USA Department of Cardiology Noninvasive Cardiac ImagingUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children’s Hospital of PittsburghPittsburgh15224USA

Background:Patients with congenital heart disease(CHD)will transition to lifelong adult congenital cardiac ***,their structural heart disease is challenging to convey via two-dimensional *** study utilized a tele-educational environment,with personalized three-dimensional(3D)modeling and health Details(3D+Details=“4D”),to improve actual and perceived knowledge,both important components of transition readiness in CHD ***:Participants aged≥13 years with a history of CHD and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)studies were *** MRI datasets were then used to segment and create 3D heart models(using Mimics,Materialize Inc.).Participantsﬁrst completed the MyHeart Questionnaire,a validated survey of actual knowledge.A tele-educational session was then scheduled,during which participants were shown a 3D model of a normal heart,followed by their personal 3D heart model and speciﬁc health *** then repeated the actual knowledge survey,in addition to questionnaires assessing perceived knowledge pre-and post-session,as well as a satisfaction ***:Twenty-two patients were *** knowledge increased from 75%±15%to 89%±20%(p=0.00043)and perceived knowledge increased inﬁve of seven *** knowledge correlated with perceived knowledge(r=0.608,p<0.0001).Ninety-one percent of participants ranked the 3D model as“very satisfactory”and ninety-ﬁve percent ranked the educational session as“very help-ful”or“extremely helpful.”Conclusions:The use of“4D”tele-education increased both actual and perceived knowledge and may help improve transition readiness in CHD patients.

关键词： Congenital heart disease tele-education transition

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越南学生汉语动物成语习得偏误分析

越南学生汉语动物成语习得偏误分析

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作者： TRUONG LE ha NHU 重庆交通大学

学位级别：硕士

汉语成语一直被认为是中华文化的精华,是汉语学习过程中不可忽视的一部分。现在学习汉语的越南人越来越多。对越南学生来说,仅会简单说一点汉语是不够的,他们希望了解更多成语,更深层次地了解汉语成语背后的文化,提高汉语运用能力。但... 详细信息

汉语成语一直被认为是中华文化的精华,是汉语学习过程中不可忽视的一部分。现在学习汉语的越南人越来越多。对越南学生来说,仅会简单说一点汉语是不够的,他们希望了解更多成语,更深层次地了解汉语成语背后的文化,提高汉语运用能力。但由于动物成语的丰富性、结构的稳定性、意义的整体性和语法功能的多样性以及汉语文化背景、风俗习惯的多元性,再加上两国的地理环境及国家的民族思维方式存在差异,两国人民对同一种动物的联想在认知和理解上也存在很多差异。这导致越南学生很难掌握动物成语知识,在应用成语中常常出现偏误。因此,笔者作为越南学生,为了帮助越南学生更深入地学习和理解汉语动物成语,拟研究越南学生在汉语动物成语习得过程中遇到的偏误,归纳偏误类型,分析偏误原因并提出针对性的学习策略。本研究通过深入分析汉语与越南语动物成语的构词特点和文化内涵差异,揭示了语言结构和文化背景理解不足是导致越南学生在学习汉语动物成语时产生偏误的主要原因。通过设计并实施调查问卷,详细分析了越南学生在汉语动物成语学习中的具体偏误类型,包括语义偏误、语法偏误和语用偏误。调查结果显示,这些偏误不仅影响了学生运用语言的准确性,也限制了他们对汉语文化深层次的理解。针对发现的问题,本文提出了相应的对策,旨在帮助越南学生克服学习障碍,深化对汉语动物成语及其背后文化的理解。这些对策包括加强文化背景知识学习、采用成语分类和归纳法,以及通过多样化的学习活动和资源创造丰富的学习环境。研究强调通过多媒体资源、实践互动和中越文化交流活动等手段,激发学生的学习兴趣,提高其汉语成语的实际应用能力。本研究对于汉语作为第二语言的教学实践具有重要意义。通过实施本研究提出的学习对策,不仅可以有效减少越南学生在汉语成语学习中的偏误,还可以促进中越文化的交流与理解,为越南学生提供一条深入学习汉语、提升跨文化交际能力的有效途径。

关键词：越南学生动物成语偏误分析学习策略

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Sandwich structures with tapered tubes as core:A quasi-static investigation

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 447-462页

作者： Xinmei Xiang Dehua Shao Xin Zhang Umer Sharif Ngoc San ha Li Xiang Jing Zhang Jiang Yi School of Civil Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdongChina School of Engineering Centre for Innovative Structures and MaterialsRMIT UniversityMelbourneAustralia China Southern Airlines Co. LtdShenzhen BranchShenzhen518000China

In this article,the experimental and finite element analysis is utilized to investigate the quasi-static compression features of sandwich constructions built with tapered tubes.3D printing technology was utilized to create the hollow centers of the tapering tubes,with and without *** results demonstrate that the energy absorption(EA)and specific energy absorption(SEA)of the single corrugated tapered tube sandwich are 51.6% and 19.8% higher,respectively,than those of the conical tube ***,the results demonstrate that energy absorbers can benefit from corrugation in order to increase their ***,the tapered corrugated tubes'resistance to oblique impacts was *** to a straight tube,the tapered tube is more resistant to oblique loads and has a lower initial peak crushing force(PCF),according to numerical *** conducting a parametric study,it was discovered that the energy absorption performance of the sandwich construction is significantly affected by the amplitude,number of corrugations,and wall *** and SEA of DTS with corrugation number of 8 increased by 17.4%and 29.6%,respectively,while PCF decreased by 9.2% compared to DTS with corrugation number of 10.

关键词： Sandwich structure Corrugated tube Tapered tube Quasi-static Energy absorption

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