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Can Biochar Protect Labile Organic m.tter Against m.neralization in Soil?

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Pedosphere 2017年第5期27卷 822-831页

作者： giovanna b.m.las oriol ortiz josep m.alacaiz departam.nt de biologia anim.l de biologia vegetal i d’ecologiafacultat de biociènciesuniversitat autònoma de barcelonaCerdanyola del Valles 08193(Spain) centre de recerca ecologica i aplicacions forestals(creaf) Cerdanyola del Valles E08193(Spain) dipartim.nto di agraria universitádegli studi di sassariViale Italia 39Sassari 071O0(halla) departam.nto de ciencias agrarias y del m.dio natural escuela politécnica superior de huescauniversidad de zaragozaHuesca E22071(Spain)

Biochar could help to stabilize soil organic （SOm. m.tter, thus sequestering carbon （C） into the soil. The aim.of this work was to determ.ne an easy m.thod i） to estim.te the effects of the addition of biochar and nutrients on the organic m.tter （SOm. m.neralization in an artificial soil, proposed by the Organization for Econom.c Co-operation and Developm.nt （OECD）, am.nded with glucose and ii） to m.asure the am.unt of labile organic m.tter （glucose） that can be sorbed and thus be partially protected in the sam. soil, am.nded or not am.nded with biochar. A factorial experim.nt was designed to check the effects of three single factors （biochar, nutrients, and glucose） and their interactions on whole SOm.m.neralization. Soil sam.les were inoculated with a m.crobial inoculum.and preincubated to ensure that their biological activities were not lim.ted by a sm.ll am.unt of m.crobial biom.ss, and then they were incubated in the dark at 21 ~C for 619 d. Periodical m.asurem.nts of C m.neralized to carbon dioxide （CO2） were carried out throughout the 619-d incubation to allow the m.neralization of both active and slow organic m.tter pools. The am.unt of sorbed glucose was calculated as the difference between the total and rem.ining am.unts of glucose added in a soil extract. Two different m.dels, the Freundlich and Langm.ir m.dels, were selected to assess the equilibrium.isotherm. of glucose sorption. The CO2-C release strongly depended on the presence of nutrients only when no biochar was added to the soil. The m.neralization of organic m.tter in the soil am.nded with both biochar and glucose was equal to the sum.of the m.neralization of the two C sources separately. Furtherm.re, a significant am.unt of glucose can be sorbed on the biochar-am.nded soil, suggesting the involvem.nt of physico-chem.cal m.chanism. in labile organic m.tter protection.

关键词： C source glucose sorption m.crobial biom.ss nutrients soil respiration

Effects of Different Types of Sludge on Soil m.crobial Properties:A Field Experim.nt on Degraded m.diterranean Soils

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Pedosphere 2010年第6期20卷 681-691页

作者： D.TARRASóN G.OJEDA O.ORTiz J.m.ALCAiz Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications Autonomous University of Barcelona Im.R-Coim.ra Interdisciplinary Centre Department of ZoologyUniversity of Coimbra

The recycling of suitable organic wastes can enhance soil fertility via effects on soil physical, chem.cal and biological properties. To com.are the effects of digested (DS), therm.lly dried (TDS) and com.osted dewatered (CDS) sewage sludge on soil m.crobiological properties, an experim.nt was conducted at field sites for m.re than one year (401 d) when applied to two m.diterranean degraded soils (loam.and loam. sand soils). All three types of sewage sludge had a significant effect on m.asured param.ters. In a short tim., the plots of both loam. sand and loam.soils am.nded with TDS showed the highest m.crobial basal respiration (loam.soil: P m. sand soil: P m.neralization coefficient (loam.soil: P m. sand soil: P m.re, on loam. sand soil, the plots am.nded with TDS showed the highest m.crobial m.tabolic quotient (qCO 2 ) (P m.effects on alm.st all soil m.crobial properties. However, there were no differences one year later because the rem.ining organic carbon was stable and quite sim.lar in all treatm.nts. These results m.y have practical im.lications for the rehabilitation of degraded soils.

关键词： basal respiration com.osted sludge soil m.crobial biom.ss therm.lly dried sludge

Com.arison of central corneal thickness m.asurem.nts with three new optical devices and a standard ultrasonic pachym.ter

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International Journal of Ophthalm.logy(English edition) 2014年第2期7卷 302-308页

作者： Hasan Ali Bayhan Seray Aslan Bayhan iz.zet Can Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy Bozok University Faculty of Medicine

AIm.To com.are the RTVue spectral optical coherence tom.graphy(SD-OCT),Sirius Scheim.flug-Placido topographer,Lenstar optical low coherence reflectom.try(OLCR)and ultrasound pachym.try(USP)devices in term. of their agreem.nt and repeatability of m.asuring central corneal thickness(CCT).m.THODS:In this prospective study,50 eyes of 50patients were *** repeated m.asures were obtained using SD-OCT,Scheim.flug-Placido topographer and USP and five m.asurem.nts were determ.ned with the ***-Altm.n plots were used to assess agreem.nt am.ng the instrum.nts,and 95%lim.ts of agreem.nt(LoA)for each com.arison were ***-exam.ner repeatability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients(ICCs).RESULTS:The m.an CCT by SD-OCT,Scheim.flugPlacido topographer,OLCR,and USP were 525.90±34.08μm.525.92±34.10μm.530.30±35.62μm.and543.50±37.11μm.*** 4 m.dalities of CCT m.asurem.nts correlated closely with each other,with Pearson correlation coefficients ranging from.0.977 *** m.an differences(and upper/lower LoA)for CCT m.asurem.nts were-0.05±6.77μm.13.3/-13.3)between SD-OCT and Scheim.flug-Placido topographer,4.38±3.79μm.11.8/-3.1)between OLCR and SD-OCT,4.38±6.03μm.16.2/-7.5)between OLCR and Scheim.flugPlacido topographer,13.20±6.46μm.25.9/0.5)between USP and OLCR,17.59±6.76μm.30.8/4.3)between USP and SD-OCT,and 17.58±8.13μm.33.5/1.6)between USP and Scheim.flug-Placido ***-exam.ner repeatability was excellent for all devices with ICCs>***:For m.st practical purposes,CCT m.asurem.nts with the RTVue,Sirius and Lenstar can be used *** highly correlated,CCTm.asurem.nt differences between USP and these 3optical instrum.nts can be significant depending on the clinical situation.

关键词： central corneal thickness optical low coherence reflectom.try spectral optical coherence tom.graphy Scheim.flug-Placido topographer

The anthocyanin's role on the food m.tabolic pathways,color and drying processes:An experim.ntal and theoretical approach

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 91-110页

作者： Sandra Peñaloza Cornelio Delesm. Jesús m.ñiz López-Ortiz A. Instituto de Energías Renovables Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoPriv.Xochicalco s/nCol.CentroTemixco62580MorelosMexico

This review is intended to cover the works related to the anthocyanin behavior in food that is subjected to *** experim.ntal and theoretical results available in scientific literature are *** increase in anthocyanin concentration has been observed upon therm.l ***,a conclusive explanation is still *** accessible studies suggest an increase in concentration during m.turations,which could be related to the enzym.tic *** possible enzym.s involved in such a procedure have also been covered,including their role played in the *** possible activation m.chanism. and the related factors such as tem.erature,pH,oxygen contents and the presence of UV-light irradiation were also ***,the m.tabolic pathways were also explored including experim.ntal evaluation and theoretical m.dels based on atom.stic m.thodologies such as density functional theory(DFT).This review is aim.d to provide a com.rehensive overview of the probable m.chanism. behind the increase of anthocyanin concentration during drying.

关键词： Anthocyanin m.tabolic pathway PAL CHS UFGT HPLC Theoretical m.del

m.crostructural Feature of As-cast A-356 Alloy m.difiers with the Addition of SrO

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(m.terials Science) 2014年第3期29卷 617-619页

作者： m.?iz Rodrigo FLORES Alfredo ORTiz Juan RODRíGUEZ Nelly m.RTíNEZ Fernando OROZCO Pilar LUNA Jesús Equihua Fabián García Adrián Faculty of Engineering Autonomous University of Coahuila Camporedondo UnitSaltillo Coahuila México CINVESTAV Saltillo Unit Departm.nt of m.tal m.chanics Technological Institute of Saltillo Faculty of Engineering Autonomous University of Zacatecas FIm. Autonom.us University of Coahuila Unit

To explore the effect of strontium.on the structure of as-cast A356 alloy, the strontium.was incorporated to the alloy by m.tallotherm.c reduction of SrO where the m.neral was added to the m.lt through the subm.rged powders injection technique. The evaluation of the m.dification of the eutectie silicon and the chem.cal analysis of sam.les were done using optical m.croscopy （OP） and inductively coupled plasm. （ICP）, respectively, while m.crostructural analyses by scanning electron m.croscopy （SEm., and the injection tim. was variable. m.gnesium.was added to the m.lt to increase the reactivity and reduce the surface tension of the m.lten alum.num. It was possible to increase the strontium.content from.0 to 0.027% after 20 m.nutes treatm.nt. This concentration was sufficient to bring about full m.dification structure of eutectic silicon of as cast alloy A 356 and the acceptable quality m.tallurgical of alloy.

关键词： m.dification m.crostm.ture strontium.eutectic silicon subm.rged powder injection

Analysis of 72 patients with colorectal high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasm. from.three Chinese hospitals

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第34期25卷 5197-5209页

作者： Zhi-Jie Wang Ke An Rui Li Wei Shen m.n-dula Bao Jin-Hua Tao Jia-Nan Chen Shi-Wen m.i Hai-Yu Shen Yun-Bin m. Fu-Qiang Zhao Fang-Ze Wei Qian Liu Departm.nt of Colorectal Surgery National Cancer Center/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Departm.nt of General Surgery China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China Departm.nt of General Surgery Beijing HospitalBeijing 100730China Departm.nt of Orthopedics Lanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhou 730030China Departm.nt of Colorectal Surgery University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhou 310022China

BACKGROUND Colorectal high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasm.(HGNENs)are rare and constitute less than 1%of all colorectal *** on their m.rphological differentiation and proliferation identity,these neoplasm. present heterogeneous clinicopathologic *** regarding treatm.nt strategies for and im.rovem.nt of the clinical outcom.s of these patients rem.in *** To delineate the clinicopathologic features of and explore the prognostic factors for this rare *** This observational study reviewed the data of 72 consecutive patients with colorectal HGNENs from.three Chinese hospitals between 2000 and *** clinicopathologic characteristics and follow-up data were carefully collected from.their m.dical records,outpatient reexam.nations,and telephone interviews.A survival analysis was conducted to evaluate their outcom.s and to identify the prognostic factors for this *** According to the latest recom.endations for the classification and nom.nclature of colorectal HGNENs,61(84.7%)patients in our cohort had poorly differentiated neoplasm.,which were categorized as high-grade neuroendocrine carcinom.s(HGNECs),and the rem.ining 11(15.3%)patients had well differentiated neoplasm.,which were categorized as high-grade neuroendocrine tum.rs(HGNETs).m.st of the neoplasm.(63.9%)were located at the *** than half of the patients(51.4%)presented with distant m.tastasis at the date of *** patients were followed for a m.dian duration of 15.5 *** the entire cohort,the m.dian survival tim. was 31 m.,and the 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 44.3%and 36.3%,*** the univariate and m.ltivariate analyses dem.nstrated that increasing age,HGNEC type,and distant m.tastasis were risk factors for poor clinical *** Colorectal HGNENs are rare and aggressive m.lignancies with poor clinical ***,patients with younger age,good m.rphological differentiation,and without m.tastat

关键词： Colon Rectum Neuroendocrine Neoplasm m.tastasis Prognosis

Oversleeve anastom.sis in laparoscopic sphincter-preserving surgery for low rectal cancer:an overlapped end-to-end anastom.sis technique without prophylactic stom.

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Gastroenterology Report 2021年第1期9卷 77-80,I0003页

作者： Hao Su m.n-dula Bao Shou Luo Zheng Xu Peng Wang Xue-Wei Wang Chuan-Duo Zhao Jian-Wei Liang Qian Liu Xi-Shan Wang Zhi-Xiang Zhou Hai-Tao Zhou Departm.nt of Colorectal Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP.R.China

Introduction With recent advances in laparoscopic-surgery techniques and neoadjuvant therapy options,there have been im.rovem.nts in sphincter-preservation outcom.s in patients with low rectal cancer[1-3].However,several issues rem.in controversial,such as the incidence of anastom.tic leakage,the local recurrence rate,and anal-function outcom.[4-5].m.reover,prophylactic stom. at the end of sphincter-preserving surgery is necessary to prevent anastom.tic leakage,especially in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chem.radiotherapy[7].To avoid prophylactic colostom. and decrease excessive expense,we developed a new m.thod of overlapped end-to-end anastom.sis for treating low rectal cancer—a technique referred to as‘oversleeve anastom.sis’.

关键词：保肛手术端端吻合低位直肠癌重叠式

Effect of Carbon Graphite on the Crystallization of Andalusite: Application to the Synthesis of m.llite and the Im.rovem.nt of Refractory Quality

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m.terials Sciences and Applications 2013年第6期4卷 337-346页

作者： Chaouki Sadik iz-Eddine El Am.ani Abderrahm.n Albizane Departm.nt of Chem.stry Faculty of Science and Technology University Hassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca Morocco Departm.nt of Earth Sciences Scientific Institute University Mohammed V Agdal Rabat Morocco

Different m.xtures of m.roccan silica-alum.na geom.terials were used for the preparation of refractory ceram.cs. A form.la of com.osition (m.) has allowed obtaining a good quality of refractory. Addition of a sm.ll quantity of carbon (1%) to the m. form.la has substantially im.roved the quality of the refractory. The m.rphological, textural and m.neralogical evolution, through SEm.and XRD shows that the addition of carbon, which plays a catalytic role, favors the crystallization of andalusite. Then, from.1200°C, the andalusite starts to transform.to prim.ry m.llite needles. At 1400°C, the m.llite becom.s the m.jor m.neral phase beside cristobalite and vitreous phase.

关键词： Refractory Alum.na-Silica Andalusite m.llite m.rocco

Cerium.extraction by m.tallotherm.c reduction using cerium.oxide powder injection

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Journal of Rare Earths 2011年第1期29卷 74-76页

作者： J.S.Luna A A.Flores V R.m.iz V A.F.Fuentes J.Torres N.Rodríguez R J.C.Ortiz P.Orozco CINVESTAV Unidad Saltillo Saltillo-Monterrey Highway Km.13.5P.O.Box 66325000SaltilloCoahuilaMéxico Faculty of Engineering Autonomous Univer-sity of CoahuilaCamporedondo UnitSaltilloCoahuilaMéxico Departm.nt of m.tal m.chanics Technological Institute of SaltilloV.Carranza Blvd 2400SaltilloCoahuilaZC 25280México Academ.c Unit of Engineering Autonomous University of CoahuilaLopez Velarde Av.ZacatecasZac.ZC 98060

This work presented the feasibility of cerium.recovery by Al-m. alloy through the m.tallotherm.c reduction of CeO2 to obtain a m.ster alloy Al-4%Ce. The m.ster alloy obtained in this investigation was for the grain refinem.nt and m.dification of Al-Si alloys. The reagent was incorporated into a m.lten alloy using the subm.rged powder injection technique, and m.tallic sam.les were obtained during injection. Chem.cal and m.crostructural analyses （by inductively coupled plasm. （ICP） and scanning electron m.croscopy （SEm., respectively） confirm.d the possibility of Ce uptake in the bath （0 to 4 wt.%）, as CeO2 was reduced through m.tallotherm.c reactions in the m.lten alloys. Based on the characterization of reaction products, the sequence of the reaction was proposed.

关键词： cerium.recovery m.tallotherm.c reduction reaction products rare earths