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Carbon nanocages bridged with graphene enable fast kinetics for dual-carbon lithium-ion ca.a.itors

Green Energy & Environment 2024年第3期9卷 573-583页

作者： Shani Li Ya.a. Xu Wenhao Liu Xudong Zhang Yibo ma Qifan Peng Xiong Zhang Xianzhong Sun Kai Wang Yanwei ma Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese a.a.emy of Sciences Beijing100049China Innovation a.a.emy for Green manufacture Beijing100190China Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081China School of materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China

Lithium-ion ca.a.itors(LICs) combining the advantages of lithium-ion batteries and superca.a.itors are considered a promising nextgeneration energy storage device. However, the sluggish kinetics of battery-type anode cannot match the ca.a.itor-type cathode, restricting the development of LICs. Herein, hierarchical carbon framework(HCF) anode material composed of 0D carbon nanocage bridged with 2D graphene network are developed via.a.template-confined synthesis process. The HCF with nanocage structure reduces the Li^(+) transport path and benefits the rapid Li^(+) migration, while 2D graphene network can promote the electron interconnecting of carbon nanocages. In addition, the doped n atoms in HCF facilitate to the adsorption of ions and enhance the pseudo contribution, thus accelerate the kinetics of the anode. The HCF anode delivers high specific ca.a.ity, remarkable rate ca.a.ility. The LIC pouch-cell based on HCF anode and active HCF(a-HCF) cathode can provide a high energy density of 162 Wh kg^(-1) and a superior power density of 15.8 kW kg^(-1), as well as a long cycling life exceeding 15,000cycles. This study demonstrates that the well-defined design of hierarchical carbon framework by incorporating 0D carbon nanocages and 2D graphene network is an effective strategy to promote LIC anode kinetics and hence boost the LIC electrochemical performance.

关键词： Hierarchical carbon framework nanocage ZIF Graphene Lithium-ion ca.a.itors

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Reduced-order modeling and vibration transfer a.a.ysis of a fluid-delivering branch pipeline that consider fluid–solid interactions

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第2期19卷 75-97页

作者： Wenhao JI Hongwei ma Wei SUn Yinhang CAO School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory of Vibration and Control of Aero-Propulsion Systems(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China College of Power and Energy Engineering Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China

The efficient dynamic modeling and vibration transfer a.a.ysis of a fluid-delivering branch pipeline(FDBP)are essential for a.a.yzing vibration coupling effects and implementing vibration reduction ***,this study proposes a reduced-order dynamic modeling method suitable for FDBPs and then a.a.yzes the vibration transfer *** the modeling method,the finite element method and absorbing transfer matrix method(ATMM)are integrated,considering the fluid–structure coupling effect and fluid *** dual-domain dynamic substructure method is developed to perform the reduced-order modeling of FDBP,and ATMM is adopted to reduce the matrix order when solving fluid ***,the modeling method is validated by experiments on an H-shaped branch ***,transient and steady-state vibration transfer a.a.yses of FDBP are performed,and the effects of branch locations on natural cha.a.teristics and vibration transfer behavior are *** show that transient vibration transfer represents the transfer and conversion of the kinematic,strain,and damping energies,while steady-state vibration transfer cha.a.teristics are related to the vibration *** addition,multiple-order mode exchanges are triggered when branch locations vary in frequency-shift regions,and the mode-exchange regions are also the transformation ones for vibration transfer patterns.

关键词： fluid-delivering branch pipeline vibration transfer a.a.ysis reduced-order modeling fluid-solid interactions finite element method absorbing transfer matrix method

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The Extension Dimension of Subcategories and Recollements of Abelian Categories

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Acta mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第4期40卷 1042-1058页

作者： Xin ma Ye Yang PEnG Zhao Yong HUAnG College of Science Henan University of EngineeringZhengzhou 451191P.R.China Department of mathematics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093P.R.China

We investigate the behavior of the extension dimension of subcategories of abelian categories under ***Λ',Λ,Λ"be art in algebras such that(modΛ',mod A,modΛ")is a recollement,and let D'and D"be subcategories of modΛand modΛ"*** any n,m≥0,under some conditions,we get dimΩ^(k)(D)≤dimΩ^(n)(D')+dimΩ^(m)(D")+1,where k=max{m,n}and D is the subcategory of modΛglued by D'and D";moreover,we give a sufficient condition such that the converse inequality holds *** applications,some results for Igusa-Todorov subcategories and syzygy finite sub categories are obtained.

关键词： Recollements extension dimension Igusa–Todorov subcategories syzygy finite subcategories

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Hydrologic Response to Future Climate Change in the Dulong-Irra-waddy River Basin Based on Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第2期34卷 294-310页

作者： XU Ziyue ma Kai YUAn Xu HE Daming Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security Kunming 650500China

Within the context of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)and the China-Myanmar Economic Corridor(CMEC),the Dulong-Ir-ra.a.dy(Ayeyarwady)River,an international river among China,India.a.d Myanmar,plays a significant role as both a valuable hydro-power resource and an essential ecological ***,the water resources and security exhibit a high degree of vulnerabil-ity to climate change *** research evaluates climate impacts on the hydrology of the Dulong-Irra.a.dy River Basin(DIRB)by using a physical-based hydrologic *** crafted future climate scenarios using the three latest global climate models(GCMs)from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6(CMIP6)under two shared socioeconomic pathways(SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5)for the near(2025-2049),mid(2050-2074),and far future(2075-2099).The regional model using MIKE SHE based on historical hydrologic processes was developed to further project future streamflow,demonstrating reliable performance in streamflow simulations with a val-idation nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency(nSE)of *** showed that climate change projections showed increases in the annual precip-itation and potential evapotranspiration(PET),with precipitation increasing by 11.3%and 26.1%,and PET increasing by 3.2%and 4.9%,respectively,by the end of the century under SSP2-4.5 and *** changes are projected to result in increased annual streamflow at all stations,notably at the basin’s outlet(Pyay station)compared to the baseline period(with an increase of 16.1%and 37.0%at the end of the 21st century under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5,respectively).Seasonal a.a.ysis for Pyay station forecasts an in-crease in dry-season streamflow by 31.3%-48.9%and 22.5%-76.3%under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5,respectively,and an increase in wet-season streamflow by 5.8%-12.6%and 2.8%-33.3%,***,the magnitude and frequency of flood events are pre-dicted to esca.a.e,potentially impacting hydropower production and food security *** res

关键词： climate change hydrologic response Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6(CMIP6) MIKE SHE(Système Hydrologique Europeén) Dulong-Irra.a.dy River Basin

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A practical guide for fast implementation of SnARE-mediated liposome fusion

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Biophysics Reports 2024年第1期10卷 31-40页

作者： Shen Wang Cong ma Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology

Soluble n-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor(SnAER) family proteins are the engines of most intra-cellular and exocytotic membrane fusion pathways(Jahn and Scheller 2006).Over the past two decades, in-vitro liposome fusion has been proven to be a powerful tool to reconstruct physiological SnARE-mediated membrane fusion processes(Liu et al. 2017). The reconstitution of the membrane fusion process not only provides direct evidence of the ca.a.ility of the cognate SnARE complex in driving membrane fusion but also allows researchers to study the functional mechanisms of regulatory proteins in related pathways(Wickner and Rizo 2017). Heretofore, a variety of delicate methods for in-vitro SnARE-mediated liposome fusion have been established(Bao et al. 2018;Diao et al. 2012; Duzgunes 2003; Gong et al. 2015; Heo et al. 2021; Kiessling et al. 2015; Kreye et al.2008; Kyoung et al. 2013; Liu et al. 2017; Scott et al. 2003). Although technological advances have made reconstitution more physiologically relevant, increasingly elaborate experimental procedures, instruments, and da.a.processing algorithms nevertheless hinder the non-experts from setting up basic SnARE-mediated liposome fusion assays. Here, we describe a low-cost, timesaving, and easy-to-handle protocol to set up a foundational in-vitro SnARE-mediated liposome fusion assay based on our previous publications(Liu et al. 2023; Wang and ma 2022). The protocol can be readily a.a.ted to assess various types of SnARE-mediated membrane fusion and the actions of fusion regulators by using appropriate alternative additives(e.g., proteins, macromolecules, chemicals, etc.). The total time required for one round of the assay is typically two days and could be extremely compressed into one day.

关键词： Protocol SnARE Liposome fusion In-vitro reconstitution

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numerical simulation of granular silicon growth and silicon fines formation process in polysilicon fluidized bed

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 74-86页

作者： Guangkai Gu Guoqiang Lv Wenhui ma Shanlin Du Boqiang Fu Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China State Key Laboratory of Complex nonferrous Metal Resources Cleaning Utilization in Yunnan Province Kunming 650093China

Operating conditions strongly affect the yield and quality of polysilicon in a polysilicon fluidized *** this study,a new model of polysilicon fluidized bed was established using the Euler-Euler model coupled with population ba.a.ce model(PBM),which was combined with fluid flow,heat,and mass transfer models,while considering the scavenging effect of silicon *** effects of different operating conditions on the deposition and formation rates of silicon fines were *** show that the model can correctly describe the particle growth process in the fluidized bed of *** silicon fines and the interphase velocity difference show"n"-and"M"-shaped distributions along the axial direction,*** particle temperature and concentration near the wall are higher than those in the central *** decomposition of silane in the bottom region of the bed is dominated by het-erogeneous *** scavenging of silicon fines occurs in the dilute-phase *** effects of operating conditions,*** gas temperature,silane composition,and gas velocity,on the reactor performance were also explored *** the inlet gas composition and velocity enhances the formation rates of solid silicon and *** the inlet gas temperature promotes the growth of solid silicon and inhibits the formation of silicon *** fluidization ratio,low inlet silane concentration,and high inlet gas temperature enhance the selectivity of silicon growth.

关键词： Polysilicon fluidized bed Particle growth Fines CFD Population ba.a.ce model(PBM)

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Decade Milestone Advancement of Defect-Engineered g-C_(3)n_(4) for Solar Ca.a.ytic Applications

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nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 153-218页

作者： Shaoqi Hou Xiaochun Gao Xingyue Lv Yilin Zhao Xitao Yin Ying Liu Juan Fang Xingxing Yu Xiaoguang ma Tianyi ma Dawei Su School of mathematical and Physical Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology Sydney(UTS)SydneyNSW 2007Australia Laboratory of Plasma.a.d Energy Conversion School of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringLudong University186 Middle Hongqi RoadYantai 264025People’s Republic of China School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry The University of Tokyo7‑3‑1 HogoBunkyoTokyoJapan School of Science STEM CollegeRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia

Over the past decade, graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)n_(4)) has emerged as a universal photoca.a.yst toward various sustainable carbo-neutral technologies. Despite solar applications discrepancy, g-C_(3)n_(4) is still confronted with a general fa.a. issue of insufficient supply of thermodynamically active photocarriers due to its inferior solar harvesting ability and sluggish charge transfer dynamics. Fortunately, this could be significantly alleviated by the “all-in-one” defect engineering strategy, which enables a simultaneous amelioration of both textural uniqueness and intrinsic electronic band structures. To this end, we have summarized an unprecedently comprehensive discussion on defect controls including the va.a.cy/non-metallic dopant creation with optimized electronic band structure and electronic density, metallic doping with ultraactive coordinated environment(M–n_(x), M–C_(2)n_(2), M–O bonding), functional group grafting with optimized band structure, and promoted crystallinity with extended conjugation π system with weakened interlayered van der Waals interaction. Among them, the defect states induced by various defect types such as n va.a.cy, P/S/halogen dopants, and cyano group in boosting solar harvesting and accelerating photocarrier transfer have also been emphasized. More importantly, the shallow defect traps identified by femtosecond transient absorption spectra(fs-TAS) have also been highlighted. It is believed that this review would pave the way for future readers with a unique insight into a more precise defective g-C_(3)n_(4) “customization”, motivating more profound thinking and flourishing research outputs on g-C_(3)n_(4)-based photoca.a.ysis.

关键词： Defect engineering g-C_(3)n_(4) Electronic band structures Photocarrier transfer kinetics Defect states

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Recent advances in the synthesis and application of n-heterocyclic carbene-based molecular cages

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1510-1523页

作者： Qiongjie Chai Lixin Duan Yanzhe ma Tianheng Hou Tao Tu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Ca.a.ysis and Innovative materials Department of ChemistryFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

n-Heterocyclic carbene(nHC)-based cages have emerged as a prominent and dynamic research area within the research field of chemistry. Leveraging the distinctive electronic and steric properties of nHC ligands, the design, synthesis, and application of these corresponding cages have garnered substantial scholarly interest. In recent years, we have witnessed the successful fabrication of diverse nHC-based cages through a range of synthetic methodologies, which hold significant potential for applications in molecular recognition and ca.a.ysis. In this review, we delve into the foundational synthetic strategies that underlie the creation of nHC-based cages, employing approaches encompassing metal–nHC chelation, coordination assembly,and covalent bonding. Additionally, we compile the diverse applications of these cages within ca.a.ytic processes and molecular recognition. Lastly, we shed light on the current limitations of synthesis and outline future trends in the development of nHCbased cages.

关键词： n-heterocyclic carbene molecular cages supramolecular chemistry synthetic strategies applications

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Dynamic a.a.ysis of axle box bearings on the high-speed train caused by wheel-rail excitation

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Applied mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 441-460页

作者： Qiaoying ma Shaopu YAnG Yongqiang LIU Baosen WAnG Zechao LIU State Key Laboratory of Mechanical behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China School of Transportation Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China School of Mechanical Engineering Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China

To explore the impact of wheel-rail excitation on the dynamic performance of axle box bearings,a dynamic model of the high-speed train including axle box bearings is ***,the dynamic response cha.a.teristics of the axle box bearing are *** investigation focuses on the acceleration cha.a.teristics of bearing vibration under excitation of track irregularities and wheel *** addition,experiments on both normal and faulty bearings are conducted sepa.a.ely,and the correctness of the model and some conclusions are *** to the research,track irregularity is unfavorable for bearing fault detection based on resonance *** the same speed conditions,the acceleration peak of bearing is inversely proportional to the length of the wheel flat and directly proportional to its *** paper will contribute to a deeper understanding of the dynamic performance of axle box bearings.

关键词： high-speed train track irregularity wheel flat dynamic simulation

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Towards direct superlubricity and superlow wear via.a.ino modification of polyhydroxy alcohol solutions

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Friction 2024年第9期12卷 1980-1990页

作者： Qiang ma Chengpeng YAn Rui YAn Xin XU Haifeng WAnG State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal MaterialsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Chongqing Innovation Center Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityChongqing 401135China Research&Development Institute of northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518063China

Friction remains as the primary mode of energy dissipation and components wear,and achieving superlubricity shows high promise in energy conservation and lifetime wear *** results in this work demonstrate that direct superlubricity combined with superlow wear can be realized for steel/Si_(3)n_(4)contacts on engineering scale when polyhydroxy alcohol solution was selectively modified by amino *** direct superlubricity occurs because 3-amino-1,2-propanediol molecules at the friction interface could be induced to rotate and adsorb vertically on the friction surface,forming in-situ thick and dense molecular films to passivate the asperity ***,amino modification is also conducive to improving the lubrication state from boundary to mixed lubrication regime by strengthening the intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction,presenting enhanced load-bearing ca.a.ility and reduced direct solid asperity ***,direct superlow average friction of 0.01 combined with superlow wear are achieved *** design principle of direct superlubricity and superlow wear in this work indeed offers an effective strategy to fundamentally improve energy efficiency and provide lifetime wear protection for moving mechanical assemblies.

关键词： direct superlubricity amino modification molecular layer superlow wear

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