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Selective removal technology using chemical etching and excimer assistance in precision recycle of color filter

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2011年第A1期21卷 210-214页

作者： pai-shan pa Digital Content Design Graduate School of Toy and Game Design National Taipei University of Education Taipei City 10671 China

Color filters are produced using semiconductor production techniques although problems with low yield remain to be addressed. This study presents a new means of selective removal using excimer irradiation, chemical etching, or electrochemical machining on the fifth generation TFT LCDs. The selective removal of microstructure layers from the color filter surface of an optoelectronic flat panel display, as well as complete removal of the ITO thin-films, RGB layer, or resin black matrix (BM) layer from the substrate is possible. Individual defective film layers can be removed, or all films down to the Cr layer or bare glass can be completely eliminated. Experimental results demonstrate that defective ITO thin-films, RGB layers, or the resin BM layer can now be recycled with a great precision. When the ITO or RGB layer proves difficult to remove, excimer light can be used to help with removal. During this recycling process, the use of 225 nm excimer irradiation before chemical etching, or electrochemical machining, makes removal of stubborn film residues easy, effectively improving the quality of recycled color filters and reducing fabrication cost.

关键词： chemical etching excimer light selective removal technology display color filter

An effective round ball tool in electrochemistry process as novel reuse fabrication technology

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2012年第S3期22卷 825-830页

作者： P.S.pa Department of Digital Content Design Graduate School of Toy and Game DesignNational Taipei University of Education

A reuse fabrication module using micro electrochemistry (MECM) with a round-ball tool to remove the defective In2O3 SnO2 thin film from the surfaces of digital paper display was *** etching effect improves that the number of the round-balls decreases for promoting the concentration of electric power and increasing discharge *** a small size of the round-ball tool takes less time for the same amount of In2O3 SnO 2 layer removal since the effect of MECM is easily developed for supplying of sufficient electrochemical power.A higher feed rate of the poly ethylene terephthalate (PET) diaphragm combines with enough electric power to drive fast etching rate.A pulsed direct current can improve the effect of dreg discharge and is advantageous to couple this current with the fast feed rate of the *** the ultra-precise etching of In2O 3 SnO2,the optoelectronic semiconductor industry can effectively reuse the defective products,reducing production *** precision etching process is of high efficiency and requires only a short period of time to remove the In2O3 SnO2 nanostructures.

关键词： thin film round-ball tool In2O3SnO2 micro electrochemistry digital paper display

Effective tool design of three-rank form as precision removal-process of ITO thin-films

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2009年第B9期19卷 232-237页

作者： pai-shan pa Digital Content Design Graduate School of Toy and Game DesignNational Taipei University of Education

A new effective tool design of three-rank form of electroremoval was present using a precision recycle system offering faster performance in removing the indium-tin-oxide(ITO) thin-films on color filter surface of displays. Higher electric power is not required since the three-rank form tool is adopted as a feeding mode to reduce the response area. The low yield of ITO persists throughout the entire semiconductor production process. By establishing a recycle process of ultra-precise removal of the thin-film nanostructure, defective products in the optoelectronic semiconductors industry can be effectively recycled, decreasing both production costs and pollution. A 5th generation TFT-LCD was used. The design features of the removal processes for the thin-films and the tool design of three-rank form were of major interest. For the precision removal processes, a pulsed current can improve the effect of dreg discharge and contributes to the achievement of a fast workpiece (displays' color filter) feed rate, but raises the current rating. High flow velocity of the electrolyte with a high rotational speed of the tool electrodes elevates the ITO removal effect. A displays' color filter with a fast feed rate is combined with enough electric power to provide highly effective removal. A small thickness of the rank and a small arc angle of the negative-electrode correspond to a higher removal rate for ITO-film. An effective three-rank form negative-electrode provides larger discharge mobility and better removal effect. It only needs a short period of time to remove the ITO easily and cleanly.

关键词：工具设计薄膜材料 ITO

Hepatitis A vaccine associated with autoimmune hepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第15期13卷 2238-2239页

作者： pa Berry G Smith-Laing Medway Maritime Hospital Windmill Road GillinghamKentUnited Kingdom

To describe a case of probable relapsing autoimmune hepatitis associated with vaccination against hepatitis A virus （HAV）. A case report and review of literature were written concerning autoimmune hepatitis in association with hepatitis A and other hepatotropic viruses. Soon a^er the administration of formalin-inactivated hepatitis A vaccine, a man who had recently recovered from an uncharacterized but self-limiting hepatitic illness, experienced a severe deterioration （AST 1687 U/L, INR 1.4）. Anti-nuclear antibodies were detectable, and liver biopsy was compatible with autoimmune hepatitis. The observation supports the role of HAV as a trigger of autoimmune hepatitis. Studies in helper T-cell activity and antibody expression against hepatic proteins in the context of hepatitis A infection are summarized, and the concept of molecular mimicry with regard to other forms of viral hepatitis and autoimmunity is briefly explored.

关键词： Hepatitis A virus Vaccine Autoimmune hepatitis Helper T-cell Molecular mimicry

Pharmacokinetic characteristics of L-valyl-ara-C and its implication on the oral delivery of ara-C

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第2期28卷 268-272页

作者： Eun-pa CHEON Hyo-kyung HAN College of Pharmacy Chosun UniversityGwangju 501-759Korea

Aim:To evaluate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of L-valyl-ara-C,apeptidomimetic prodrug of ***:After the synthesis of L-valyl-ara-C,the in vitro stability of L-valyl-ara-C was examined in various biological *** pharmacokinetic profiles of ara-C and L-valyl-ara-C were also evaluated ***:The degradation of L-valyl-ara-C was negligible in fresh plasmaand also in the presence of plasmin over a 2 h incubation ***,L-valyl-ara-C appeared to be stable in the leukemia cell homogenates,andsubsequently,it was far less cytotoxic than the parent,ara-C in AML2 and *** chemical hydrolysis of L-valyl-ara-C was rather accelerated in *** an oral administration of L-valyl-ara-C,the appearance of ara-Cwas observed in plasma although the systemic exposure of the prodrug was muchhigher than that of *** bioavailability of ara-C was about 4% via ***:The amide bond of L-valyl-ara-C was stable againstthe enzymatic hydrolysis,and the utility of L-valyl-ara-C as an oral delivery sys-tem of ara-C appeared to be limited by its low metabolic conversion to ara-C in rats.

关键词： ara-C L-valyl-ara-C prodrug pharmacokinetics rats

Efficacy of immediate instillation combined with regular instillations of pirarubicin for Ta and T1 transitional cell bladder cancer after transurethral resection： a prospective, randomized, multicenter study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第15期126卷 2805-2809页

作者： Li Ning-chen YE ZHANG-qun NA Yan-qun cua THP Peking Univ Shougang Hosp Wujieping Urol Ctr Beijing 100144 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Tongji Hosp Tongji Med Coll Dept Urol Wuhan 430030 Hunan Peoples R China

Background Immediate intravesical instillation of chemotherapeutic agents after transurethral resection （TUR） of non- muscle invasive transitional cell bladder cancer has recently been suggested and has been proven to decrease the tumor recurrence rate significantly. This study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of immediate intravesical instillation combined with regular instillations of Pirarubicin （THP~） as prophylaxis compared to regular instillations only after TUR operation. Methods This was a prospective, randomized, multi-center, clinical study. patients diagnosed with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer （Ta and T1） pathologically and suitable for TUR were enrolled randomly into two groups. In the study group, the patients received intravesical instillation within 24-hour post TURBT, followed by regular intravesical therapy using 30 mg/50 ml of THP~ once a week for 8 weeks, and then once a month to 1 year postoperatively Among the patients. In the control group, patients received regular instillation only. Results A total of 403 patients were enrolled into this study from 26 institutions in China. Among the potients, 210 were enrolled into the study group and 193 were enrolled into the control group. At the median follow-up of 18 months, the recurrence rate was 7.8% in the study group, significantly lower than that in the control group （14.3%; P=0.042）. Subgroup analysis showed that the recurrence rate in low and intermediate-risk patients was significantly lower in the study group （6.8%） than in the control group （14.0%; P=0.047）, although no significant differences were found in high-risk patients. Conclusion One immediate dose of THP 30 mg after TURBT followed by regular intravesical therapy appears well tolerated and more effective than regular intravesical therapy for preventing tumor recurrence, especially in low and intermediate-risk patients.

关键词： pirarubicin instillation therapy non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer randomized clinical trial

CD28 ligation increases macrophage suppression of T-cell proliferation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2012年第4期9卷 341-349页

作者： Daniel Silberman Amanda Bucknum Thomas Bartlett Gabriella Composto Megan Kozlowskil Amanda Walker Amy Werda Jackelyn cua Arlene H Sharpe John E Somerville James E Riggs Department of Biology Rider University Lawrenceville NJ 08648 USA Department of pathology Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA 02115 USA Immunosciences Bristol-Myers Squibb Princeton NJ 08543 USA

When compared to spleen or lymph node cells, resident peritoneal cavity cells respond poorly to T-cell activation in vitro. The greater proportional representation of macrophages in this cell source has been shown to actively suppress the T-cell response. Peritoneal macrophages exhibit an immature phenotype （MHC class IIlo, B7lo） that reduces their efficacy as antigen-presenting cells. Furthermore, these cells readily express inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS）, an enzyme that promotes T-cell tolerance by catabolism of the limiting amino acid arginine. Here, we investigate the ability of exogenous T-cell costimulation to recover the peritoneal T-cell response. We show that CD28 ligation failed to recover the peritoneal T-cell response and actually suppressed responses that had been recovered by inhibiting iNOS. As indicated by cytokine ELISpot and neutralizing monoclonal antibody （mAb） treatment, this ＇cosuppression＇ response was due to CD28 ligation increasing the number of interferon （IFN）-y-secreting cells. Our results illustrate that cellular composition and cytokine milieu influence T-cell costimulation biology.

关键词： CD28 costimulation macrophages suppression

In vivo antiplasmodial activities of ethanolic exract and fractions of Eleucine indica

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Asian pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第9期5卷 673-676页

作者： Ettebong EO Nwafor pa Okokon JE Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyP.M.B.1017University of UyoUyoNigeria

Objective:To evaluate the in rivo antiplasmodial activities of the extract and fractions(n-hexane. chloroform,***) of the whole plant in Plasmodium berghei berghei infected ***:Oral administrations of the extract(200.400,and 600 my/kg) of Eleacine indica and fractions(400 mg/kg) were screened in the *** and curative tests. Chloroquine(5 mg/kg).pyrimethamine(1.2 mg/kgi and artesunate(5 mg/kgi were used as controls. Results:The extract showed significant[P< 0.05-0.001) dose-dependent,antiplasmodial activity in the *** and curative tests and increased the survival times of the infected mice. All the fractions exhibited significant antiplasmodial activity with the highest being ethylacetate ***:Eleucine indica extract and fractions possess antimalarial activity which confirms the ethnobotanical use of this plant as a malarial remedy and opens a new highway to further investigate its potentials in the on-going fight against malaria.

关键词： Antimalarial activity Alkaloid Plasmodium berghei berghei Eleucine indica

Evaluation of the anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant effects of the methanol root bark extracts of Annona senegalensis

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Asian pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第1期3卷 25-28页

作者： Okoye TC Akah pa Omeke CP Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nigeria

Objective:To investigate the potentials of the root bark of Annona（A.） senegalensis in the control of seizure and related hypnotic and motor incoordination effects in mice using experimental ***:The methanol extract（ME） of the root bark of *** was studied in mice using pentylenetetrazole（PTZ） induced convulsions,phenobarbitone induced sleeping time and motor coordination test on rota-rod *** toxicity and lethality（LD50） lest as well as phytochemical analysis were also carried ***:The extract（200,400,800 mg/ kg） exhibited a non- dose dependent significant（P50 of 1 2%mg/kg,while the phytochemical studies showed the presence of alkaloids, resins,glycosides,carbohydrate,reducing sugar,flavonoids,terpenoids,saponins and tannins. Conclusion:The extract of A senegalensis possessed anticonvulsant activity with pronounced hypnotic and muscle relaxant effects.

关键词： Annona senegalensis Hypnosis Anticonvulsant Muscle relaxant