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Viral-host molecular interactions and metabolic modulation:Strategies to inhibit flaviviruses pathogenesis

World Journal of Virology 2024年第4期13卷 41-50页

作者： Zeeshan ahmad khan Mukesh Kumar Yadav Dong-Woo Lim Hojun Kim Jing-Hua Wang AbuZar Ansari Biohealth Products Research Center(BPRC) Research Center for Agedlife Redesign(RCAR)Department of Physical TherapyINJE UniversityGimhae 5084South Korea Department of Microbiology Central University of PunjabBathinda 151401India Department of Diagnostics College of Korean MedicineDongguk UniversityGoyang 10326South Korea Division of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine Department of Oriental Rehabilitation MedicineDongguk UniversityIlsan HospitalGoyang 10326South Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Dongguk UniversityGoyang 10326South Korea Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 07985South Korea

Flaviviruses,which include globally impactful pathogens,such as West Nile virus,yellow fever virus,Zika virus,Japanese encephalitis virus,and dengue virus,contribute significantly to human *** the ongoing emergence and resurgence of flavivirus-mediated pathogenesis,the absence of specific therapeutic options remains a challenge in the prevention and treatment of flaviviral *** the intricate processes of fusion,transcription,replication,and maturation,the complex interplay of viral and host metabolic interactions affects *** interactions involve metabolic molecules,such as amino acids,glucose,fatty acids,and nucleotides,each playing a pivotal role in the replication and maturation of *** viral-host metabolic molecular interactions hijack and modulate the molecular mechanisms of host metabolism.A comprehensive understanding of these intricate metabolic pathways offers valuable insights,potentially unveiling novel targets for therapeutic interventions against flaviviral *** review emphasizes promising avenues for the development of therapeutic agents that target specific metabolic molecules,such as amino acids,glucose,fatty acids,and nucleotides,which interact with flavivirus replication and are closely linked to the modulation of host *** clinical limitations of current drugs have prompted the development of new inhibitory strategies for flaviviruses based on an understanding of the molecular interactions between the virus and the host.

关键词： Flavivirus Nonstructural proteins Virus-host interaction Metabolism Inhibitors Vaccines

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Adaptive Segmentation for Unconstrained Iris Recognition

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1591-1609页

作者： Mustafa AlRifaee Sally Almanasra Adnan Hnaif ahmad Althunibat Mohammad Abdallah Thamer Alrawashdeh Faculty of Architecture and Design Al-Zaytoonah University of JordanAmman11733Jordan Faculty of Computer Studies Arab Open UniversityRiyadh11681Saudi Arabia Faculty of Science and Information Technology Al-Zaytoonah University of JordanAmman11733Jordan

In standard iris recognition systems,a cooperative imaging framework is employed that includes a light source with a near-infrared wavelength to reveal iris texture,look-and-stare constraints,and a close distance requirement to the capture *** these conditions are relaxed,the system’s performance significantly deteriorates due to segmentation and feature extraction ***,a novel segmentation algorithm is proposed to correctly detect the pupil and limbus boundaries of iris images captured in unconstrained ***,the algorithm scans the whole iris image in the Hue Saturation Value(HSV)color space for local maxima to detect the sclera *** image quality is then assessed by computing global features in red,green and blue(RGB)space,as noisy images have heterogeneous *** iris images are accordingly classified into seven categories based on their global RGB *** the classification process,the images are filtered,and adaptive thresholding is applied to enhance the global contrast and detect the outer iris ***,to characterize the pupil area,the algorithm scans the cropped outer ring region for local minima values to identify the darkest area in the iris *** experimental results show that our method outperforms existing segmentation techniques using the UBIRIS.v1 and v2 databases and achieved a segmentation accuracy of 99.32 on UBIRIS.v1 and an error rate of 1.59 on UBIRIS.v2.

关键词： Image recognition color segmentation image processing localization

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Carbon Monoxide Modulates Auxin Transport and Nitric Oxide Signaling in Plants under Iron Deficiency Stress

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第1期93卷 45-61页

作者： Kaiyue Hong Yasmina Radani Waqas ahmad Ping Li Yuming Luo Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental ProtectionHuaiyin Normal UniversityHuaian223300China School of Life Sciences Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China School of Life Sciences Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China

Carbon monoxide(CO)and nitric oxide(NO)are signal molecules that enhance plant adaptation to environmental *** is an essential phytohormone for plant growth and *** and NO play crucial roles in modulating the plant’s response to iron *** deficiency leads to an increase in the activity of heme oxygenase(HO)and the subsequent generation of ***,it alters the polar subcellular distribution of Pin-Formed 1(PIN1)proteins,resulting in enhanced auxin *** alteration,in turn,leads to an increase in NO ***,iron deficiency enhances the activity of ferric chelate reductase(FCR),as well as the expression of the Fer-like iron deficiency-induced transcription factor 1(FIT)and the ferric reduction oxidase 2(FRO2)genes in plant *** of the long hypocotyl 1(HY1)gene,which encodes heme oxygenase,or the CO donor treatment resulted in enhanced basipetal auxin transport,higher FCR activity,and the expression of FIT and FRO2 genes under Fe ***,a potential mechanism is proposed:CO and NO interact with auxin to address iron deficiency *** alters auxin transport,enhancing its accumulation in roots and up-regulating key iron-related genes like FRO2 and *** auxin levels affect NO signaling,leading to greater sensitivity in root *** interplay promotes FCR activity,which is crucial for iron ***,these molecules enhance iron uptake and root growth,revealing a novel aspect of plant physiology in adapting to environmental stress.

关键词： Carbon monoxide nitric oxide auxin iron deficiency signal molecule plants

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Decoding the fruit microbiome:A climate smart strategy to manage postharvest decays

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第5期10卷 1061-1072页

作者： Manori Kuruppu Kong Lih Ling Phebe Ding Khairulmazmi ahmad Asgar Ali Yasmeen Siddiqui Laboratory of Sustainable Agronomy and Crop Protection Institute of Plantation StudiesUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia Department of Plant Protection Faculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia Centre of Excellence for Post-harvest Biotechnology(CEFB) School of BiosciencesUniversity of Nottingham MalaysiaJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangorMalaysia Department of Biological Sciences College of ScienceKing Faisal UniversityAl Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia

There is an urgent necessity to shift our diets toward those rich in fruits and vegetables and at reduce postharvest losses of *** 20%e50%of fruits and vegetables are lost due to poor postharvest handling and pathogen infections in developing countries while it was estimated as 5%e35%in developed *** fruits have evolved with a plethora of microorganisms having important roles in maintaining fruit ***,little information is available on the dynamics,structure,and functional capacities of underpinning fruit *** present review discussed environmental conditions favoring fruit-harbored antagonists and their different modes of action for suppressing postharvest pathogens in *** also provides information on omics technologies such as next-generation sequencing(NGS),metaproteomics,metatranscriptomic,and metabolomics studies to characterize fruit *** the advent of NGS and meta-omics technologies,microbiome research could bring remarkable development and understanding in succeeding biological *** addition,they may provide us with a fundamental understanding of microclimate requirements for fruit microbiome establishment and microbiome shifts during post-harvest storage,which would be advantageous in developing composite biocontrol treatments for post-harvest decay management.

关键词： Biological control Food loss Fruit microbiome Meta-omics Microclimate Postharvest decay

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Enhancing ChatGPT’s Querying Capability with Voice-Based Interaction and CNN-Based Impair Vision Detection Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3129-3150页

作者： Awais ahmad Sohail Jabbar Sheeraz Akram Anand Paul Umar Raza Nuha Mohammed Alshuqayran College of Computer and Information Sciences Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Saudia Arabia 2 School of Computer Science and EngineeringKyungpook National UniversityDaegu41566South Korea 3 Department of EngineeringManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterM156BHUK

This paper presents an innovative approach to enhance the querying capability of ChatGPT,a conversational artificial intelligence model,by incorporating voice-based interaction and a convolutional neural network(CNN)-based impaired vision detection *** proposed system aims to improve user experience and accessibility by allowing users to interact with ChatGPT using voice ***,a CNN-based model is employed to detect impairments in user vision,enabling the system to adapt its responses and provide appropriate *** research tackles head-on the challenges of user experience and inclusivity in artificial intelligence(AI).It underscores our commitment to overcoming these obstacles,making ChatGPT more accessible and valuable for a broader *** integration of voice-based interaction and impaired vision detection represents a novel approach to conversational ***,this innovation transcends novelty;it carries the potential to profoundly impact the lives of users,particularly those with visual *** modular approach to system design ensures adaptability and scalability,critical for the practical implementation of these ***,the solution places the user at its *** responses for those with visual impairments demonstrates AI’s potential to not only understand but also accommodate individual needs and preferences.

关键词： Accessibility in conversational AI CNN-based impair vision detection ChatGPT voice-based interaction recommender system

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Controlled Synthesis of Bismuth Oxyhalides-based Nanomaterials and Their Catalytic Applications

Controlled Synthesis of Bismuth Oxyhalides-based Nanomateria...

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作者： ahmad Samir Karimi Haqmal 北京化工大学

学位级别：硕士

卤氧化铋(BiOX,X=Cl、Br或I)因其独特的结构特性,如二维层状结构和大量暴露的表面原子,而受到广泛关注。这些特性使它们成高效的光催化剂,并被广泛应用于水处理、有机合成等领域。然而,它们在其他催化中的潜力,如作为金属铋的前体或作... 详细信息

卤氧化铋(BiOX,X=Cl、Br或I)因其独特的结构特性,如二维层状结构和大量暴露的表面原子,而受到广泛关注。这些特性使它们成高效的光催化剂,并被广泛应用于水处理、有机合成等领域。然而,它们在其他催化中的潜力,如作为金属铋的前体或作为单原子催化剂的载体,还处于起步阶段。在本论文中,我们研究了卤素离子和形貌对以卤氧化铋为前驱体合成的金属铋电催化剂的结构的影响,及其在氮还原反应(NRR)中的性能,并以氯氧化铋为载体制备了 Pt单原子催化剂,探究了其在苯乙炔反马仕加成硅氢化反应中的催化性能。本论文取得的主要研究成果如下:在第一个工作中,我们发展了一种电还原卤氧化铋制备的金属铋纳米片(BNSs)的合成方法,并将其应用于电催化氮还原反应(NRR)。BNSs可分别由具有不同卤素离子的卤氧化铋纳米片前体以及溴氧化铋纳米棒制备的。X射线衍射(XRD)表征结果显示成功形成了铋纳米片,而电子显微镜表明,以溴氧化铋纳米棒为前驱体制备的BNS1尺寸在70-120纳米之间,以溴氧化铋纳米片为前驱体制备的BNS2尺寸在150-200 nm之间。值得注意的是,在环境温度下,在0.1M Na2SO4水溶液中,在-0.6 VvsRHE时,BNS2的氨产率和法拉第效率分别为3.99 μ gNH3 mgBi-1 h-1和7.04%,而 BNS1 则分别为 2.52 μ gNH3 mgBi-1 h-1 和 4.93%。在第二个工作中,我们采用光沉积策略制备了沉积在氯氧化铋纳米片上的铂单原子催化剂(PtxBOC SAC,该催化剂在苯乙炔的反马氏硅氢化加成反应中表现出优异的催化性能。我们首先合成了氯化氧铋纳米片,然后通过光沉积方法沉积了铂单原子。透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱、能量色散X射线光谱和CO吸收红外光谱结果表明,铂以单原子的形式均匀分布在氯氧化铋纳米片上。电感耦合等离子体质谱结果表明,铂单原子催化剂的铂负载量在0.5 wt%-4.0 wt%范围内。其中,Pt1BOC在苯乙炔的反马氏氢化硅烷化反应中表现出最高的催化性能,转化频率为156 min-1。该值远高于铂纳米颗粒对比样,也高于文献报道的值。此外,该催化剂表现出优异的稳定性,在5个循环后催化性能没有明显衰减。

关键词：卤氧化铋氮还原反应光沉积单原子催化剂反马尔可夫尼科夫氢硅化化反应

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New therapy for metabolic syndrome:Gut microbiome supplementation

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1833-1836页

作者： Waseem Qureshi Maqsood ahmad Dar Mohd Younis Rather Hospital Administration Government Medical CollegeUniversity of KashmirJammu and KashmirSrinagar 190010India Department of Medicine Government Medical CollegeUniversity of KashmirJammu and KashmirSrinagar 190010India Multidisciplinary Research Unit Government Medical CollegeUniversity of KashmirJammu and KashmirSrinagar 190010India

The gut microbiota is important in the development and progression of metabolic illnesses such type 2 diabetes,cardiovascular disease(CVD),and *** diverse community of microorganisms controls a variety of physiological functions,including metabolism,inflammation,and immune *** these interactions has resulted in novel therapeutic options,including microbiome *** gut microbiome is extremely susceptible to dietary changes,which can alter its makeup and function,influencing metabolite synthesis that affects host *** metabolites,such as butyrate and propionate,have been proven to protect against metabolic illnesses,whereas trimethylamine has been linked to ***,probiotics,synbiotics,and postbiotics are being investigated by researchers as ways to change the gut microbiome and boost metabolic *** advances in therapy and lifestyle adjustments,the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing,emphasizing the need for new medicines.

关键词： Probiotics Prebiotics Synbiotics Postbiotics Microbiome Type 2 diabetes mellitus Cardiovascular disease Obesity

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Explainable AI-Based DDoS Attacks Classification Using Deep Transfer Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 3785-3802页

作者： ahmad Alzu’bi Amjad Albashayreh Abdelrahman Abuarqoub Mai A.M.Alfawair Department of Computer Science Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid22110Jordan Department of Computer Science The University of JordanAmman11942Jordan Cardiff School of Technologies Cardiff Metropolitan UniversityCardiffCF52YBUK Prince Abdullah bin Ghazi Faculty of Information and Communication Technology Al-Balqa Applied UniversitySalt19117Jordan

In the era of the Internet of Things(IoT),the proliferation of connected devices has raised security concerns,increasing the risk of intrusions into diverse *** the convenience and efficiency offered by IoT technology,the growing number of IoT devices escalates the likelihood of attacks,emphasizing the need for robust security tools to automatically detect and explain *** paper introduces a deep learning methodology for detecting and classifying distributed denial of service(DDoS)attacks,addressing a significant security concern within IoT *** effective procedure of deep transfer learning is applied to utilize deep learning backbones,which is then evaluated on two benchmarking datasets of DDoS attacks in terms of accuracy and time *** leveraging several deep architectures,the study conducts thorough binary and multiclass experiments,each varying in the complexity of classifying attack types and demonstrating real-world ***,this study employs an explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)AI technique to elucidate the contribution of extracted features in the process of attack *** experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method,achieving a recall of 99.39%by the XAI bidirectional long short-term memory(XAI-BiLSTM)model.

关键词： DDoS attack classification deep learning explainable AI cybersecurity

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Stochastic sampled-data multi-objective control of active suspension systems for in-wheel motor driven electric vehicles

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Journal of Automation and Intelligence 2024年第1期3卷 2-18页

作者： Iftikhar ahmad Xiaohua Ge Qing-Long Han School of Science Computing and Engineering TechnologiesSwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourneVIC 3122Australia

This paper addresses the sampled-data multi-objective active suspension control problem for an in-wheel motor driven electric vehicle subject to stochastic sampling periods and asynchronous premise *** focus is placed on the scenario that the dynamical state of the half-vehicle active suspension system is transmitted over an in-vehicle controller area network that only permits the transmission of sampled data *** this purpose,a stochastic sampling mechanism is developed such that the sampling periods can randomly switch among different values with certain mathematical ***,an asynchronous fuzzy sampled-data controller,featuring distinct premise variables from the active suspension system,is constructed to eliminate the stringent requirement that the sampled-data controller has to share the same grades of ***,novel criteria for both stability analysis and controller design are derived in order to guarantee that the resultant closed-loop active suspension system is stochastically stable with simultaneous𝐻2 and𝐻∞performance ***,the effectiveness of the proposed stochastic sampled-data multi-objective control method is verified via several numerical cases studies in both time domain and frequency domain under various road disturbance profiles.

关键词： Active suspension system Electric vehicles In-wheel motor Stochastic sampling Dynamic dampers Sampled-data control Multi-objective control

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Seasonal influence of freshwater discharge on spatio-temporal variations in primary productivity, sea surface temperature, and euphotic zone depth in the northern Bay of Bengal

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第6期43卷 1-14页

作者： Hafez ahmad Felix Jose Md.Simul Bhuyan Md.Nazrul Islam Padmanava Dash Geosystems Research Institute/Department of Geosciences Mississippi State UniversityStarkville 39759USA Department of Oceanography University of ChittagongChittagong 4331Bangladesh Department of Marine&Earth Sciences Florida Gulf Coast UniversityFort Myers 33965USA Bangladesh Oceanographic Research Institute Cox’s Bazar 4730Bangladesh Faculty of Marine Sciences&Fisheries Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of ChittagongChittagong 4331Bangladesh Department of Geography and Environment Jahangirnagar UniversityDhaka 1342Bangladesh Department of Geosciences Mississippi State UniversityStarkville 39759USA

Ocean productivity is the foundation of marine food web,which continuously removes atmospheric carbon dioxide and supports life at sea and on ***-temporal variability of net primary productivity(NPP),sea surface temperature(SST),sea surface salinity(SSS),mixed layer depth(MLD),and euphotic zone depth(EZD) in the northern B ay of Bengal(BoB) during three monsoon seasons were examined in this study based on remote sensing data for the period 2005 to *** compare the NPP distribution between the coastal zones and open BoB,the study area was divided into five zones(Z1-Z5).Results suggest that most productive zones Z2 and Zl are located at the head bay area and are directly influenced by freshwater discharge together with riverine sediment and nutrient *** Z1-Z5,the NPP ranges from 5 315.38 mg/(m^(2)·d) to 346.7 mg/(m^(2)·d)(carbon,since then the same).The highest monthly average NPP of 5 315.38 mg/(m^(2)·d) in February and 5 039.36 mg/(m^(2)·d) in June were observed from Z2,while the lowest monthly average of 346.72 mg/(m^(2)·d) was observed in March from Z4,which is an oceanic *** values vary from 6-154 m for the study area,and it has an inverse correlation with NPP *** is deeper during the summer season and shallower during the wintertime,with a corresponding increase in *** the year,monthly SST shows slight fluctuation for the entire study area,and statistical analysis shows a significant correlation among NPP,and EZD,overall positive between NPP and MLD,whereas no significant correlation among SSS,and SST for the northern ***-term trends in SST and productivity were significantly po sitive in head bay zones but negatively productive in the open *** findings in this study on the distribution of NPP,SST,SSS,MLD,and EZD and their seasonal variability in five different zones of BoB can be used to further improve the management of marine resources and overall environmental condition in response to clim

关键词： chlorophyll a sea surface temperature euphotic zone depth primary productivity Ganges-Brahmaputra ocean color Bay of Bengal monsoon

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