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Barriers and facilitators to participating in cardiac rehabilitation and physical activity:A cross-sectional survey

World Journal of Cardiology 2022年第2期14卷 83-95页

作者： Matthew James Fraser stephen J Leslie Trish Gorely Emma Foster Ronie walters Division of Biomedical science University of the Highlands and IslandsInverness IV23JHUnited Kingdom Department of Cardiology NHS HighlandInverness IV23UJUnited Kingdom Department of Nursing and Midwifery University of the Highlands and IslandsInverness IV23JHUnited Kingdom Cardiac Unit NHsH NHS HighlandInverness IV23JHUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases(CVD)have been shown to be the greatest cause of death worldwide and rates continue to *** is recommended that CVD patients attend cardiac rehabilitation(CR)following a cardiac event to reduce mortality,improve recovery and positively influence behaviour around CVD risk *** the recognised benefits and international recommendations for exercisebased CR,uptake and attendance remain suboptimal.A greater understanding of CR barriers and facilitators is required,not least to inform service *** understanding current cardiac patients’attitudes and opinions around CR and physical activity(PA)could inform patient-led ***,through understanding aspects of CR and PA that participants like/dislike could provide healthcare providers and policy makers with information around what elements to target in the *** To investigate participants’attitudes and opinions around CR and *** This study employed a cross-sectional survey design on 567 cardiac *** patients who were referred for standard CR classes at a hospital in the scottish Highlands,from May 2016 to May 2017 were *** part of a larger survey,the current study analysed the free-text responses to 5 open-ended questions included within the wider *** were related to the participants’experience of CR,reasons for non-attendance,ideas to increase attendance and their opinions on *** data were analysed using a 6-step,reflexive thematic *** Two main topic areas were explored:“Cardiac rehabilitation experience”and“physical activity”.self-efficacy was increased as a result of attending CR due to exercising with similar individuals and the safe environment *** ranged from age and health to distance and starting times of the classes which increased travel time and ***,responses demonstrated a lack of information and communication around the *** h

关键词： Cardiovascular disease Cardiac rehabilitation Physical activity Barriers Facilitators Patient experience

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system Identification Modeling and Unstable Behavior of the Dynamics of Flows within the Tip Region of an Axial Compressor Blade Passage

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Journal of Thermal science 2016年第2期25卷 109-116页

作者： sTERBENTZ Dane M. PRAsAI sujan HOFLE Mary M. walters Thomas LIN Feng LI Ji-chao BOsWORTH Ken sCHOEN Marco P. Idaho state University Measurement and Control Engineering Research Center Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

In recent years, the correlation coefficient of pressure data from the same blade passage in an axial compressor unit has been used to characterize the state of flow in the blade passage. In addition, the correlation coefficient has been successfully used as an indicator for active control action using air injection. In this work, the correlation coefficient approach is extended to incorporate system identification algorithms in order to extract a mathematical model of the dynamics of the flows within a blade passage. The dynamics analyzed in this research focus on the flow streams and pressure along the rotor blades as well as on the unsteady tip leakage flow from the rotor tip gaps. The system identification results are used to construct a root locus plot for different flow coefficients, starting far away from stall to near stall conditions. As the compressor moves closer to stall, the poles of the identified models move towards the imaginary axis of the complex plane, indicating an impending instability. system frequency data is captured using the proposed correlation based system identification approach. Additionally, an oscillatory tip leakage flow is observed at a flow coefficient away from stall and how this oscillation changes as the compressor approaches stall is an interesting result of this research. Comparative research is analyzed to determine why the oscillatory flow behavior occurs at a specific sensor location within the tip region of the rotor blade.

关键词： axial compressor correlation coefficient oscillatory behavior system identification

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Cotton stomatal closure under varying temperature and vapor pressure deficit,correlation with the hydraulic conductance trait

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Journal of Cotton Research 2022年第3期5卷 217-227页

作者： WEDEGAERTNER Kurt sHEKOOFA Avat PURDOM sam walters Kellie DUNCAN Lori RAPER Tyson B Department of Plant sciences University of Tennessee2505 E.J.Chapman Dr.KnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of Biosystems Engineering and soil science University of Tennessee2506 EJ Chapman DriveKnoxvilleTN 37996USA.

Background:Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)is often grown in locations characterized by high atmospheric evaporative *** has been hypothesized that plants which resist hydraulic flow under this condition will limit water use and conserve soil ***,in a series of controlled environment experiments ten cotton cultivars were exposed to two different temperature and vapor pressure deficit(VPD)conditions(i.e.,38℃,>3 kPa and 32℃,1∼1.5 kPa)as well as a progressive soil ***,individual differences in shoot hydraulic conductance(K_(shoot))was measured using a hydraulic conductance flow meter(HCFM).Physiological parameters were reported included leaf area,dry leaf weight,stomatal conductance(g_(s)),and water use efficiency coefficient(WUE_(k)).Results:Differences were observed in K_(shoot) among cultivars under the 38℃,>3 kPa but not the 32℃,1∼1.5 kPa *** the 38℃,>3 kPa environment,correlations were found between K_(shoot),stomatal conductance(gs),VPD breakpoint,WUEk,total leaf area,dry leaf weight,fraction transpirable soil water(FTsW)threshold,and slope of TR decline after FTsW ***:Results show that the ability of some cotton cultivars to restrict water loss under high evaporative demand through early stomatal closure is associated with the cultivars’K_(shoot).The K_(shoot) is influential in the limitation of TR trait under high temperature and VPD.

关键词： Cotton FTsW threshold shoot hydraulic conductance Temperature Transpiration rate VPD

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Techniques and strategies for regional anesthesia in acute burn care—a narrative review

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Burns & Trauma 2021年第1期9卷 383-392页

作者： Clifford C.sheckter Barclay T.stewart Christopher Barnes Andrew walters Paul I.Bhalla Tam N.Pham Department of surgery UWMedicine Regional Burn Center at Harborview Medical CenterUniversity ofWashington3259th Ave.SeattleWA 98104USA Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center University ofWashington401 Broadway.SeattleWA 98122USA Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Harborview Medical Center.University ofWashington3259th Ave.SeattleWA 98104USA

Burn injuries and their treatments result in severe *** traumatic injuries that are characterized by a discrete episode of pain followed by recovery,burn-injured patients endure pain for a prolonged period that lasts through wound closure(*** pain,procedural pain,breakthrough pain,neuropathic pain and itch).Regional anesthesia,including peripheral nerve blocks and neuraxial/epidural anesthesia,offers significant benefits to a multimodal approach in pain treatment.A‘regional-first’approach to pain management can be incorporated into the workflow of burn centers through engaging regional anesthesiologists and pain medicine practitioners in the care of burn patients.A detailed understanding of peripheral nerve anatomy frames the burn clinician’s perspective when considering a peripheral nerve block/*** infra/supraclavicular nerve block provides excellent coverage for the upper extremity,while the trunk can be covered with a variety of blocks including erector spinae plane and quadratus lumborum plane *** lower extremity is targeted with fascia iliaca plane and sciatic nerve blocks for both donor and recipient *** centers that adopt regional anesthesia should be aware of potential complications and contraindications to prevent adverse events,including management of local anesthetic toxicity and epidural *** of anticoagulation around regional anesthesia placement is crucial to prevent hematoma and nerve ***,regional anesthesia can facilitate a better patient experience and allow for early therapy and mobility goals that are hallmarks of burn care and rehabilitation.

关键词： Burn Regional anesthesia Nerve block Epidural Nerve catheter Pain

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Maternal and Foetal Outcome among Pregnant Women Infected with COVID-19 in Three Referral Hospitals in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第3期13卷 625-641页

作者： William Ako Takang Cho Joseline Nyuykighan Dobgima walters Pisoh Dobgima walters Pisoh Robinson Enow Mbu Faculty of Health sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Maternity Department Regional Hospital Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: Pregnancy is generally known to be an immune compromised state, thus placing pregnant women at risk of sARs-COV-2 infection. We therefore carried out this study to assess the maternal and foetal outcomes among pregnant women infected with COVID-19 in three referral hospitals in Cameroon. Methodology: This was a hospital-based retrospective case control study covering a two-year period. Data collection was done over a duration of four months at the Yaoundé Central Hospital, Douala Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital and the Bamenda Regional Hospital. Cases were pregnant women who gave birth after a confirmed COVID-19 infection, matched 1:2 by age (±1 year) and parity (±1) to pregnant women not infected by COVID-19, who gave birth at the three hospitals within the same period. Results: The rate of caesarean section delivery among our cases was 52.4% as compared to 44.3% among controls (OR, 1.38, 95% CI, 0.74 - 2.60, P = 0.296). Maternal mortality rate in our cases was at 8.2% as compared to 6.6% in controls (OR, 1.60, 95% CI, 0.50 - 5.12, P = 0.422). The rate of preterm delivery in our cases was 24.6% as compared to 11.5% in the control group (OR, 2.39, 95% CI, 1.05 - 5.42, P = 0.025). Perinatal death rate in our study was recorded at 8.2% as compared to 3.4% in the controls (OR, 2.63, 95% CI, 0.68 - 10.18, Ps = 0.162) Conclusion: Pregnant women infected with COVID-19 were found to have higher risks of preterm delivery and acute foetal distress as compared to pregnant women who were not infected. Caesarean section deliveries, maternal and foetal mortality were higher in COVID-19 infected pregnant women as compared to those not though these findings were not statistically significant.

关键词： COVID-19 Pregnancy Maternal Foetal Outcome

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something Old, something New, in Rheometry

Something Old, Something New, in Rheometry

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The 4th Pacific Rim Conference on Rheology

作者： K.walters Institute of Mathematical and Physical sciences University of WalesAberystwythUK

＜正＞ We consider developments in small amplitude oscillatory-shear testing, from the advent of the first post second world war commercial rheometers to the present day. To facilitate such a survey, we concentrate on the case where the test fluid is contained between two plates, which are initially parallel and horizontal. In the earliest experiments, the bottom plate performed small amplitude torsional oscillations about a vertical axis, with the motion of the upper plate constrained by a torsion *** later, a new kind of rheometer appeared, in which both plates rotated with the same angular velocity about two axes, which were both normal to the plates, but not coincident, （the so-called ’Orthogonal Rheometer’）. This led to an impressive （but relatively short-lived） period of research activity, before the device fell out of *** about the same time, a ’tilted-plate rheometer’ was proposed and the basic theory developed. However, there is no evidence that such a technique was ever investigated *** recent years, there has been a growing interest in the so called ’Compressional’ technique, in which the bottom plate is stationary, while the top plate performs small amplitude oscillations in the vertical direction. such a device is shown to have some advantages over the earlier techniques, especially at high *** particular interest in the present study is the way that the effect of ’fluid inertia’ has been accommodated in the various experimental techniques and some recent theoretical and experimental work carried out at the author’s laboratory on the Compressional instrument is discussed in detail.

关键词： linear viscoelasticity parallel-plate geometry fluid inertia.

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DO YOU KNOW WHAT HAPPENs WHEN YOU sMOKE?

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大学英语 1991年第3期 38-41页

作者： walters.ROss 毛宏成

"How long does it take for cigarettes to harm you?" This is a question teen-agers most often ask John A. Yacenda, who runs a clinic to help people stop smoking. His answer; "About three sceonds. " Or less. The fact is that the very instant you inhale cigarette smoke, it goes to "work on your heart, your lungs, your whole body. It starts your heart pounding

关键词： DO YOU KNOW WHAT HAPPENs WHEN YOU sMOKE

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Enhanced satellite Cell Activity in Aging skeletal Muscle after Manual Acupuncture-Induced Injury

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Chinese Medicine 2014年第1期5卷 22-33页

作者： sonya K. sobrian Eric walters Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Howard University College of Medicine Washington USA Department of Pharmacology Howard University College of Medicine Washington USA

skeletal muscle injury stimulates normally quiescent resident satellite (stem) cells to re-enter the cell cycle and execute the myogenic program to restore muscle structure and function. Previously, we reported that manual acupuncture needling of the tibialis anterior (TA) (sT36 = Zusanli) muscle of young male rats produced focal injury and morphological changes that accompanied the presence of activated satellite cells (sC) 72 hours post-needling. To investigate whether aging TA muscle responds in a similar fashion to acupuncture needling, 17-month-old female rats were subjected to a single insertion and manual manipulation of an acupuncture needle. At 72 hours’ post-needling, hematoxylin staining of the TA revealed increased mononuclear cell infiltration that was indicative of localized injury. Moreover, this was accompanied by a four-fold increase in the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen within cells of needled tissues. Heightened immunofluorescence for MyoD was found within sC in the needled muscle, which correlated with a 6- and 10-fold increase in two MyoD isoforms (~38 and 42 kDa, respectively), when analyzed by Western blotting. An additional 56 kDa MyoD immunoreactive species was observed in both needled and control muscle of the aging rats. The present study in pre-senile female rats, in conjunction with our previous study in young male rats, suggests that muscle remodeling and restructuring after injury may constitute the initial cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie the benefits associated with acupuncture throughout the life-span.

关键词： Aging Rat Manual Acupuncture Muscle Injury Regeneration sT 36 = Zusanli stem Cells

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The impact of COVID-19 on clinical outcomes of burn patients

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Burns & Trauma 2023年第1期11卷 792-799页

作者： Elliot T.walters Alen Palackic Camila Franco-Mesa Nikhil R.shah Michael J.Erickson steven E.Wolf Department of surgery University of Texas Medical Branch301 UniversityGalvestonTXUSA Division of Plastic Aesthetic and Reconstructive SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryMedical University of GrazGrazAustria

Background:Multiple studies have shown the sARs-CoV-2 virus(COVID-19)to be associated with deleterious outcomes in a wide range of *** impact of COVID-19 has not been well investigated among burned *** suspect that patients will have worsened respiratory and thrombotic complications,ultimately leading to increased *** objective of this study is to determine the impact a concurrent infection of COVID-19 has on clinical outcomes after a burn ***:This is a retrospective,propensity matched,cohort *** examined a de-identified database of electronic medical records of over 75 million patients across 75 health care associations in the United states for patients treated for thermal burns from 1 January 2020,to 31 July 2021,and those who also were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection within one day before or after injury based on International Classification of Disease,tenth revision(ICD-10)*** participants included adults who were treated for a burn injury during the study ***:We included 736 patients with burn injury and concomitant COVID-19 infection matched to 736 patients with burn injury and no concurrent COVID-19 infection(total 1472 patients,mean age 36.3±24.3).We found no significant increase in mortality observed for patients with concurrent COVID-19(OR 1.203,95%CI 0.517-2.803;p=0.6675).We did observe significant increase in infections(OR 3.537,95%CI 2.798-4.471;p=0.0001),thrombotic complications(OR 2.342,95%CI 1.351-4.058;p=0.0018),as was the incidence of hypertrophic scarring(OR 3.368,95%CI 2.326-4.877;p=0.0001).Conclusions:We observed that concurrent COVID-19 infection was associated with an increase in infections,thrombosis and hypertrophic scarring but no increase in mortality in our cohort of burn patients.

关键词： COVID-19 infection mortality burn thrombosis scarring

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Oral mucosal lipids are antibacterial against Porphyromonas gingivalis, induce ultrastructural damage, and alter bacterial lipid and protein compositions

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International Journal of Oral science 2013年第3期5卷 130-140页

作者： Carol L Fischer Katherine s walters David R Drake Deborah V Dawson Derek R Blanchette Kim A Brogden Philip W Wertz Dows Institute for Dental Research College of Dentistry The University of Iowa Central Microscopy Research Facility College of Dentistry The University of Iowa Department of Endodontics College of Dentistry The University of Iowa Department of Pediatric Dentistry College of Dentistry The University of Iowa Department of Periodontics College of Dentistry The University of Iowa Department of Oral Pathology Radiology & Medicine College of Dentistry The University of Iowa

Oral mucosal and salivary lipids exhibit potent antimicrobial activity for a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria;however,little is known about their spectrum of antimicrobial activity or mechanisms of action against oral *** this study,we examine the activity of two fatty acids and three sphingoid bases against Porphyromonas gingivalis,an important colonizer of the oral cavity implicated in *** inhibitory concentrations,minimal bactericidal concentrations,and kill kinetics revealed variable,but potent,activity of oral mucosal and salivary lipids against ***,indicating that lipid structure may be an important determinant in lipid mechanisms of activity against bacteria,although specific components of bacterial membranes are also likely *** micrographs showed ultrastructural damage induced by sapienic acid and phytosphingosine and confirmed disruption of the bacterial plasma *** information,coupled with the association of treatment lipids with *** lipids revealed via thin layer chromatography,suggests that the plasma membrane is a likely target of lipid antibacterial *** a combination of two-dimensional in-gel electrophoresis and Western blot followed by mass spectroscopy and N-terminus degradation sequencing we also show that treatment with sapienic acid induces upregulation of a set of proteins comprising a unique *** stress response,including proteins important in fatty acid biosynthesis,metabolism and energy production,protein processing,cell adhesion and *** or therapeutic lipid treatments may be beneficial for intervention of infection by supplementing the natural immune function of endogenous lipids on mucosal surfaces.

关键词： antimicrobial lipid fatty acid Porphyromonasgingivalis sphingoid base sphingolipid ultrastructure

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