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Spin logic devices based on negative differential resistance -enhanced anomalous Hall effect

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1437-1448页

作者： Hongming Mou ziyao Lu Yuchen Pu Zhaochu Luo Xiaozhong zhang Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials(MOE) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Owing to rapid developments in spintronics,spin-based logic devices have emerged as promising tools for next-generation computing technologies.This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advancements in spin logic devices,particularly focusing on fundamental device concepts rooted in nanomagnets,magnetoresistive random access memory,spin–orbit torques,electric-field modu-lation,and magnetic domain walls.The operation principles of these devices are comprehensively analyzed,and recent progress in spin logic devices based on negative differential resistance-enhanced anomalous Hall effect is summarized.These devices exhibit reconfigur-able logic capabilities and integrate nonvolatile data storage and computing functionalities.For current-driven spin logic devices,negative differential resistance elements are employed to nonlinearly enhance anomalous Hall effect signals from magnetic bits,enabling reconfig-urable Boolean logic operations.Besides,voltage-driven spin logic devices employ another type of negative differential resistance ele-ment to achieve logic functionalities with excellent cascading ability.By cascading several elementary logic gates,the logic circuit of a full adder can be obtained,and the potential of voltage-driven spin logic devices for implementing complex logic functions can be veri-fied.This review contributes to the understanding of the evolving landscape of spin logic devices and underscores the promising pro-spects they offer for the future of emerging computing schemes.

关键词： spin logic spin–orbit torque negative differential resistance full-adder

Taxonomy of Two New Peritrich Ciliates(Protozoa:Ciliophora)from Inland Saltwaters of China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 811-821页

作者： YU Ying zhang Yong LIANG ziyao LI Jiqiu LIN Xiaofeng Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecology and Environmental StudiesCollege of the Environment and EcologyXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China School of Life Science South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China

The inland saltwater lakes harbor exceptional biodiversity.Here,two new species of solitary sessile peritrich ciliates were isolated from Qinghai Lake,the largest inland saltwater lake in China.Their morphology,ciliature,silverline system,and molecular phylogeny were investigated based on live observation,silver staining,and analysis of the small subunit ribosomal DNA(SSU rDNA).Vorticella paraglobosa sp.***.is characterized mainly by its obconical or elongate bell-shaped zooid,C-shaped macronucleus,single ventrally located contractile vacuole,two-rowed infundibular polykinety 3,and 28-38 silverlines between peristome and aboral tro-chal band and 10-15 between aboral trochal band and scopula.Vorticella cotyliformis sp.***.differs from its congeners mainly by its double-layered peristomial lip,cup-shaped zooid,J-shaped macronucleus,single ventrally positioned contractile vacuole,three-rowed infundibular polykinety 3,and 70-85 silverlines between peristome and aboral trochal band and 21-25 between aboral trochal band and scopula.The SSU rDNA sequences of the two new species were obtained,and the subsequent molecular phylogenetic analysis supported their taxonomic classification.

关键词： molecular phylogeny morphology new species Qinghai Lake taxonomy

Rhodium-Catalyzed Transannulation of 1,2,3-Thiazoles with Alkynes for the Direct Synthesis of Thiochromenones

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第5期41卷 509-513页

作者： Jun Pan ziyao zhang Lili Chen Ning Jiao State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs Chemical Biology CenterSchoolof Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University XueYuanRd.38Beijing 100191China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China

A rhodium-catalyzed denitrogenative carbonylation of 1,2,3-thiadiazole with alkynes to construct(benzo)thiochromenones is developed.Both terminal and internal alkynes were compatible in this[3+2+1]cycloaddition,affording a broad range of poly-substituted thiochromenones.Unsymmetrical alkyne substrates exhibited good regioselectivity.

关键词： Rh-catalysis Transannulation Thiadiazoles Alkynes Thiochromenones

Multifunctional inorganic nanomaterials for cancer photoimmunotherapy

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Cancer Communications 2022年第2期42卷 141-163页

作者： Lu Tang Aining zhang ziyao zhang Qingqing Zhao Jing Li Yijun Mei Yue Yin Wei Wang State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of PharmaceuticsSchool of PharmacyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingJiangsuP.R.China National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingJiangsuP.R.China

Phototherapy and immunotherapy in combination is regarded as the ideal ther-apeutic modality to treat both primary and metastatic tumors.Immunother-apy uses different immunological approaches to stimulate the immune system to identify tumor cells for targeted elimination.Phototherapy destroys the pri-mary tumors by light irradiation,which induces a series of immune responses through triggering immunogenic cancer cell death.Therefore,when integrat-ing immunotherapy with phototherapy,a novel anti-cancer strategy called pho-toimmunotherapy(PIT)is emerging.This synergistic treatment modality can not only enhance the effectiveness of both therapies but also overcome their inherent limitations,opening a new era for the current anti-cancer therapy.Recently,the advancement of nanomaterials affords a platform for PIT.From all these nanomaterials,inorganic nanomaterials stand out as idealmediators in PIT due to their unique physiochemical properties.Inorganic nanomaterials can not only serve as carriers to transport immunomodulatory agents in immunotherapy owing to their excellent drug-loading capacity but also function as photother-mal agents or photosensitizers in phototherapy because of their great optical characteristics.In this review,the recent advances of multifunctional inorganic nanomaterial-mediated drug delivery and their contributions to cancer PIT will be highlighted.

关键词： biodegradability cancer photoimmunotherapy immune stimulation inorganic nanomaterial nanoparticles targeted drug delivery

大学教育的社会回报——扩招与人力资本外溢效应

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经济学（季刊） 2024年第2期24卷 412-430页

作者：丁相元张子尧黄炜北京大学国家发展研究院中南财经政法大学财政税务学院、收入分配与现代财政学科创新引智基地北京大学中国经济研究中心

通过分析高校扩招政策对不同出生队列的影响,本文为人力资本的外溢效应存在提供了直接证据:扩招政策虽然不会改变在政策实施时已完成教育群体上大学的概率,但却会使得该群体的年收入提高约1500元。扩招政策带来的社会回报应当是这种外... 详细信息

通过分析高校扩招政策对不同出生队列的影响,本文为人力资本的外溢效应存在提供了直接证据:扩招政策虽然不会改变在政策实施时已完成教育群体上大学的概率,但却会使得该群体的年收入提高约1500元。扩招政策带来的社会回报应当是这种外溢效应与直接受益于扩招政策人群的私人回报之和。定量估计结果显示,社会回报主要来自这一人力资本提升的外溢效应而非直接效应。忽略人力资本外溢效应会明显低估扩招政策的真实政策收益。结合异质性分析,我们进一步从劳动需求、产业结构和工业发展等方面对潜在机制进行了讨论。

关键词：高校扩招教育回报人力资本外溢效应

Directional Preimage Entropy for ■-Actions

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Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications 2020年第1期40卷 33-46页

作者： Ya-nan GAO ziyao zhang Faculty of International Language Education Hebei Foreign Studies University College of Mathematics and Computer Science Hanjiang Normal University

In this paper, a new type of entropy, directional preimage entropy including topological and measure theoretic versions for ■-actions, is introduced. Some of their properties including relationships and the invariance are obtained. Moreover, several systems including ■-actions generated by the expanding maps, ■-actions defined on finite graphs and some infinite graphs with zero directional preimage branch entropy are studied.

关键词： ■-actions directional preimage entropy infinite graph

高等教育扩张能促进向上社会流动吗?——来自中国高校扩招的证据

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教育与经济 2024年第3期40卷 28-37页

作者：徐菁邵宜航张子尧南昌大学经济管理学院南昌330031 上海对外经贸大学创新与发展研究中心上海201620 中南财经政法大学财政税务学院武汉430073

通过构建理论模型,从教育公平和学历信号两个视角分析高等教育扩张对向上社会流动的影响,随后基于1999年我国高校扩招这一“准自然实验”,利用队列双重差分模型展开经验检验。研究表明,高等教育扩张并未缩小高等教育机会的不平等,且高... 详细信息

通过构建理论模型,从教育公平和学历信号两个视角分析高等教育扩张对向上社会流动的影响,随后基于1999年我国高校扩招这一“准自然实验”,利用队列双重差分模型展开经验检验。研究表明,高等教育扩张并未缩小高等教育机会的不平等,且高等教育的迅速扩张导致学历的信号功能快速衰减,进而弱化了教育对个人优质职业获得的促进作用。在这两方面影响的综合作用下,高等教育扩张将对向上社会流动产生不利影响。进一步研究发现较低学历、农村家庭、女性这些在劳动力市场中相对弱势的群体更多地受到高等教育扩张的负面影响。

关键词：高等教育扩张向上社会流动教育公平学历信号

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芦苇群落水体质量与芦苇转录本的相关性

生态学报 2024年第2期44卷 819-831页

作者：张茜崔继鹏王紫瑶李利崔素霞首都师范大学生命科学学院北京100048 植物基因资源与低碳环境生物技术北京市重点实验室北京100048

芦苇(Phragmites australis)是广生态幅多年生水生植物,在全球分布极广。芦苇能够适应并生长在极端环境,如盐碱地、重金属污染地等,这种巨大的环境忍耐能力使得芦苇成为研究植物环境适应性的模式物种,并逐渐成为植物学和生态学等领域的... 详细信息

芦苇(Phragmites australis)是广生态幅多年生水生植物,在全球分布极广。芦苇能够适应并生长在极端环境,如盐碱地、重金属污染地等,这种巨大的环境忍耐能力使得芦苇成为研究植物环境适应性的模式物种,并逐渐成为植物学和生态学等领域的研究热点。目前,北京自然和人工湿地中大量栽植芦苇,其主要功能是净化水体、稳定水体自净能力。为深入了解水体质量对芦苇转录本的影响及二者之间的相关性,首先对北京及河北白洋淀共计32个采样点的8项水质指标进行了检测。结果表明,32个采样点的水体整体处于污染状态,主要污染物为总氮(TN)和生物需氧量(BOD),并且水质均略偏碱性,且具有高氮(N)、高磷(P)、高BOD和高化学需氧量(COD)等特征。主成分分析(PCA)表明8项水质指标间具有相关性,可被降至3个维度,第一维度是BOD/COD/高锰酸盐指数(CODMn);第二维度是TN/氨氮(NH3-N)/总磷(TP);第三维度是pH/溶解氧(DO)。对水质指标与芦苇叶片RNA-seq转录本进行皮尔森系数相关性分析,筛选出247个与水质指标相关的转录本。其中,232个基因(93.9%)的转录水平与水质指标呈现正相关性。经实验室单一因子或双因子验证确定了PB.4621.1(编码GMP合酶)和PB.12079.1(编码LEA14蛋白)两个基因更适合用于监测水体中的氮和磷水平。研究为后续芦苇监测水质技术的开发与利用奠定了理论基础。

关键词：芦苇水质指标水体质量转录组相关性

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“新亭对泣”事典生成的两个向度

温州大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第1期37卷 55-65页

作者：张子尧燕山大学文法学院河北秦皇岛066004

《世说新语》“新亭对泣”故事塑造了直面国土沦丧而悲戚无奈的周?和悲中奋起的王导两个相辅相成的人物形象,蕴含着悲情哀婉的审美意蕴、忧国忧民的家国情怀等文化基质,彰显了六朝缘物起情、以“兴”为美的创作取向,引发了后世无数文人... 详细信息

《世说新语》“新亭对泣”故事塑造了直面国土沦丧而悲戚无奈的周?和悲中奋起的王导两个相辅相成的人物形象,蕴含着悲情哀婉的审美意蕴、忧国忧民的家国情怀等文化基质,彰显了六朝缘物起情、以“兴”为美的创作取向,引发了后世无数文人的情感共振。“新亭对泣”史实被初唐史家接纳与记载后,逐渐被经典化,经历代文人直引、化用、反用等成为母题性质的文学事典,涵盖诗、词、赋、戏剧等多种审美性文体,更辐射至经部文献。在不同文化场域与政治语境下,文人联系自身,从悲情之美与家国情怀两个基本意涵中抽绎出兴亡之叹、隐遁情怀、悲愤之感、飘零之情、困窘之态等多重引申涵义,使“新亭对泣”术语成为一个丰富的语义场。探赜“新亭对泣”经典化历程,可明晰文学经典生成与建构的内在理路与外在契机,丰富人们对中华文化基因中以悲为美与忧患意识的具体认知,加深人们对审美文化共同体的理解。

关键词：新亭对泣以悲为美家国情怀经典化