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我国政务数据开放的风险及其法律规制

甘肃社会科学 2024年第2期 118-127页

作者：冯子轩西南政法大学人工智能法学院/数字法治政府研究院重庆401120

政务数据是政府在履职过程中产生或者获取的各类数据资源。政务数据开放蕴含重要战略意义,有利于推动数据生产要素更好地发挥价值,已成为促进经济社会发展的新引擎。以《数据安全法》出台为标志,我国政务数据开放立法初见端倪,初步构建... 详细信息

政务数据是政府在履职过程中产生或者获取的各类数据资源。政务数据开放蕴含重要战略意义,有利于推动数据生产要素更好地发挥价值,已成为促进经济社会发展的新引擎。以《数据安全法》出台为标志,我国政务数据开放立法初见端倪,初步构建了政务数据开放的风险预防机制,明确了“政策指引、央地协同”立法模式与“多中心、全过程”的规制结构。政务数据呈现汇聚集中、规模庞大与流转广泛等特点,但其引发的风险内涵、类别与危害后果尚未引起充分重视,相关制度安排鲜有涉及,引发了诸多问题,主要表现为风险规制主体遮蔽、规制标准不一、监测内容不清、风险交流程序粗放等。亟需从风险规制这一新型行政任务切入,以风险预防原则为指引,对政务数据开放风险进行准确识别的基础上建构法律规制进路,重点破解政务数据开放风险规制的主体职责、标准体系、监测内容与参与程序等难点问题,将风险规制内容嵌入到政务数据法律体系中,寻求兼顾安全与发展的平衡方案。

关键词：政务数据开放风险规制规制主体规制标准规制程序数据安全

生成式人工智能应用的伦理立场与治理之道:以ChatGPT为例

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华东政法大学学报 2024年第1期27卷 61-71页

作者：冯子轩西南政法大学人工智能法学院西南政法大学数字法治政府研究院

随着以ChatGPT为代表的生成式人工智能技术的突飞猛进,人工智能的伦理问题受到了广泛关注。生成式人工智能引发了削弱人类主体价值、加剧算法偏见与歧视、过度依赖拟态环境输出结果、人机协作双向价值对齐困难等伦理难题,亟须从人工智... 详细信息

随着以ChatGPT为代表的生成式人工智能技术的突飞猛进,人工智能的伦理问题受到了广泛关注。生成式人工智能引发了削弱人类主体价值、加剧算法偏见与歧视、过度依赖拟态环境输出结果、人机协作双向价值对齐困难等伦理难题,亟须从人工智能伦理治理组织机制、人工智能伦理规范机制两方面入手,明确生成式人工智能应用中的人本主义立场,建构生成式人工智能治理的伦理规则,为增进人类福祉提供有力的伦理支撑。

关键词：生成式人工智能 ChatGPT 伦理人本主义

Effect of SBS and crumb rubber on asphalt modification:A review of the properties and practical application

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第5期9卷 836-863页

作者： Haibin Li Canyang Cui Ahmed Abdulakeem Temitope zixuan feng Guijuan Zhao Ping Guo School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Xi'an University of Science and TechnologyXi'an 710064China School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710061China Xi'an Highway Research Institute Co. Ltd.Xi'an 710054China

Owing to the environmental protection potential and the desirable high performance capabilities,asphalt rubber(AR)and styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS)modified asphalt have been widely ***,the poor construction workability and segregation issues of AR,along with the exorbitant cost of SBS modified asphalt,are of the serious problems that plague their application ***,SBS/crumb rubber(CR)modified asphalt is gradually becoming widespread and it therefore becomes incumbent to find appropriate ways to mitigate the issues that may limit its *** a consequence,it becomes crucial to analyze the interaction between CR and SBS modifiers in the composite mixture,as well as evaluate the influence of modifier dosage on the performance of the modified *** study presents a comprehensive review of the effects of SBS modifier,CR modifier and composite SBS/CR on the performance of modified *** analysis and micro analysis,including analysis on the conventional physical properties,are carried *** can uncover the interaction between modifier and asphalt,which reveals how the modifiers influence the properties of modified *** study will serve as a source of invaluable information to researchers,engineers,and designers,informing them the development,potential and challenges of the CR,SBS and SBS/CR modified asphalts,the optimum contents to attain the best performance along with the mechanism involved.

关键词： Asphalt rubber Crumb rubber SBS modified asphalt SBS/CR modified asphalt Basic performance Micro properties

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动物园动物消化道寄生虫感染情况调查

中国兽医杂志 2024年第3期60卷 48-53页

作者：安迪娅陈宜军裴艳群祝子伏冯子轩王丽芳刘群贾婷张昌盛刘晶中国农业大学动物医学院国家动物寄生原虫实验室北京海淀100193 北京市畜牧总站北京朝阳100101 中国农业大学动物医学院农业农村部动物流行病学重点实验室北京海淀100193 北京动物园北京西城100044 国家自然博物馆北京东城100050

为了解动物园动物肠道寄生虫感染情况,本试验采集了来自贵阳和北京动物园33种动物,共150份粪便样品。采用饱和盐水漂浮法和离心沉淀法富集虫卵和卵囊进行显微镜检查;基于隐孢子虫、芽囊原虫、毕氏肠微孢子虫和十二指肠贾第虫的特异性基... 详细信息

为了解动物园动物肠道寄生虫感染情况,本试验采集了来自贵阳和北京动物园33种动物,共150份粪便样品。采用饱和盐水漂浮法和离心沉淀法富集虫卵和卵囊进行显微镜检查;基于隐孢子虫、芽囊原虫、毕氏肠微孢子虫和十二指肠贾第虫的特异性基因位点对人兽共患原虫进行PCR检测和序列比对分析。结果显示,动物园动物寄生虫总感染率为64.0%。显微镜检查出的寄生虫包括毛首线虫(20.0%)、细颈线虫(2.7%)、艾美耳球虫(14.7%)和其他线虫(25.3%)。PCR检测4种肠道原虫的感染率分别为:隐孢子虫1.3%、毕氏肠微孢子虫8.7%、十二指肠贾第虫12.0%和芽囊原虫32.0%。序列比对结果显示,存在2种隐孢子虫虫种(安氏隐孢子虫和泛在隐孢子虫);7种毕氏肠微孢子虫基因型(SC02、BEB6、Type IV、PigEBITS 7、Peru8、PtEb IX和D);2种十二指肠贾第虫基因型(B和E);8种芽囊原虫基因亚型(ST1、ST2、ST3、ST5、ST8、ST10、ST13和ST14)。结果表明,贵州和北京动物园动物肠道寄生虫感染非常普遍,并且存在多种人兽共患虫种和基因型。做好动物园寄生虫病的防控不仅是动物园的保护和管理目标,更具有重要的公共卫生意义。

关键词：动物园动物寄生虫显微镜检查分子生物学检测公共卫生

GENOME EDITING:A GROUND BREAKING RESEARCH HAS BEEN RANKED TOP 10 ENGINEERING FRONTS FROM 2017 TO 2021

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第2期9卷 309-311页

作者： Jianxiang XU Yunzhou LI Yinkun YAO Jie ZHAO Jingyue TANG zixuan feng Sci-Tech Journal Centre Higher Education PressBeijing 100029China Editorial Office of Frontiers of Agricultural Science&Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

‘Global Engineering Fronts’ is a report released by the Chinese Academy of Engineering(CAE) every year since 2017, which aims to assemble talents in the field of engineering science and technology to represent the global engineering research and development fronts by reviewing global papers, patents, and other data. The results are also expected to provide a reference for people on responding to global challenges and achieving sustainable development.

关键词： EDIT ING sustainable

A High-Contrast Autolysosome Probe for Detecting Interaction between Autophagosomes and Autolysosomes in Mitophagy

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第8期42卷 858-866页

作者： Weihua Wang Chu Han Shengjie Xie Zisong Cong zixuan Yang Yuxin feng Limin Xiang Heng Song College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei430072 China

Comprehensive Summary,Autophagy is a multi-step cell metabolism process in which cells remove damaged and unwanted *** autophagy,autophagosomes fuse with lysosomes to form *** membrane components are recycled from autolysosomes through the autophagosomal components recycling(ACR),while lysosomal components circulate on the autolysosomal surface through the autophagic lysosome reformation(ALR)*** contain components from autophagosomes and ***,whether there is a fusion between autolysosome and autophagosome or lysosome at the organelle level remains *** this study,a pH and viscosity dual-controlled mitochondria-targeting fluorescent probe Mito-Q was designed based on an asymmetric norcyanine to achieve the high-contrast imaging of mitochondria-containing ***-Q not only effectively detected mitochondrial viscosity changes and mitophagy with high sensitivity,but more importantly,the fusion of mitochondria-containing autolysosomes and autophagosomes(FMAA)was observed during autophagy by the real-time confocal imaging of HeLa cells.

关键词： Mitophagy Autolysosomes Bioimaging Biosensors Fluorescence imaging

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重大行政决策裁量基准的规范构造研究

政治与法律 2023年第7期 49-62页

作者：冯子轩西南政法大学人工智能法学院重庆401120

重大行政决策裁量基准可对决策行为自由裁量权进行规束。我国行政法学界对一般行政行为裁量基准制度较为关注,但对其他裁量基准制度缺少系统化梳理与类型化研究。《重大行政决策程序暂行条例》授权决策机关根据重大决策事项内容规定,结... 详细信息

重大行政决策裁量基准可对决策行为自由裁量权进行规束。我国行政法学界对一般行政行为裁量基准制度较为关注,但对其他裁量基准制度缺少系统化梳理与类型化研究。《重大行政决策程序暂行条例》授权决策机关根据重大决策事项内容规定,结合职责权限和本地实际,确定决策事项目录、标准,系立法首次肯认“重大行政决策裁量基准”存在。重大行政决策基准独立的条件已经成熟,着眼于决策裁量基准体系的法治实践现状,需从基本性质、原则遵循、控制目标与技术路径等维度明确其框架体系,并在决策基准规范体系、审核主体、审查标准、外部监督等方面建构类型化完善进路,以期对完善我国行政裁量基准制度体系有所助益。

关键词：行政裁量基准重大行政决策裁量基准一般行政行为裁量基准规范构造

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不同改良方式对豆禾混播草地AMF的影响

四川农业大学学报 2024年第2期42卷 364-370页

作者：孙雨豪李旭旭曾园石雨鑫弓晋超苏颖颖冯恣萱贾雨圻陈延涛周冀琼四川农业大学草业科技学院成都611130

【目的】探究不同改良方式对豆禾混播草地的丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)群落及区系特征的影响机制。【方法】以云南省种羊场豆禾混播草地为研究对象,调查2019年直接改良(DR)草地与轮作改良(CR)草地,以围封(NG)草地... 详细信息

【目的】探究不同改良方式对豆禾混播草地的丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)群落及区系特征的影响机制。【方法】以云南省种羊场豆禾混播草地为研究对象,调查2019年直接改良(DR)草地与轮作改良(CR)草地,以围封(NG)草地为对照,借助高通量测序、菌丝测定与孢子密度测定技术,测定AMF群落特征。【结果】直接改良草地中孢子密度、球囊霉属(Glomus)显著高于轮作改良方式。孢子密度与土壤硝态氮、土壤微生物氮含量呈显著正相关关系,菌丝长度、菌丝密度与土壤氨态氮含量呈极显著正相关关系,与土壤速效磷含量呈极显著负相关关系。【结论】直接改良方式比轮作改良方式更有利于土壤养分的增加,更有利于AMF与植物共生关系的构建。

关键词：丛枝菌根真菌豆禾混播轮作草地恢复

Exploring the multicomponent synergy mechanism of Zuogui Wan(左归丸) on postmenopausal osteoporosis by a systems pharmacology strategy

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第3期44卷 489-495页

作者： feng Yanchen LIU Yali DANG Xue LIN zixuan ZHANG Yunke CHE Zhiying LI Xiang PAN Xiaolong LIU Feixiang ZHENG Pan Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhong Jing) School Henan University of Chinese Medicine Hospital of Encephalopathy the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseasesthe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineResearch Units of Infectious Disease and MicroecologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences

OBJECTIVE: To explore the multi-component synergistic mechanism of Zuogui Wan(左归丸, ZGW) in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMOP). METHODS: The main components and target genes of ZGW were screened via the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology(TCMSP). In addition, the target gene sets of PMOP were derived from the Gene Cards and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man databases. The search tool for recurring instances of neighbouring genes(STRING) 11.0 software was used to analyze the interaction among intersecting genes. Cytoscape 3.6.1 software and the Matthews correlation coefficient(MCC) algorithm were used to screen the core genes. Fifty Sprague-Dawley female rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated(Sham) group and the four ovariectomized(OVX) subgroups. Rats subjected to Sham or OVX were administered with the vehicle(OVX, 1 m L water/100 g weight), 17β-estradiol(E2, 50 μg·kg-1·d-1), and lyophilized powder of ZGW at a low dose of 2.3(ZGW-L) and high dose of 4.6(ZGW-H) g·kg-1·d-1 for three months. The bone density and bone strength were assessed using dual-energy X-ray and three-point bending tests, respectively. Furthermore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Hematoxylin-eosin staining, and western blot analysis were used to determine the potential pharmacological mechanisms of action of ZGW in PMOP. RESULTS: A total of 117 active compounds of ZGW were screened from the TCMSP. Furthermore, 108 intersecting genes of drugs and diseases were identified. Using STRING software and the MCC algorithm, ten core genes, including C-X-C chemokine living 8(CXCL8), C-C chemokine receptor type 2(CCR2), alpha-2a active receptor(ADRA2A), melatonin receptor type 1B(MTNR1B), and amyloid-beta A4 protein(APP), were identified. The anti-osteoporosis regulation network of ZGW was constructed using the Cytoscape software. The animal experiments demonstrated that ZGW groups significantly reduced the serum levels of β-C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen(β-CTX

关键词： Zuogui Wan network pharmacology osteoporosis, postmenopausal