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Assembling the RNA therapeutics toolbox

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Medical Review 2024年第2期4卷 110-128页

作者： Mona Teng ziting Judy xia Nicholas Lo Kashif Daud Housheng Hansen He Department of Medical Biophysics Temerty Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health NetworkTorontoONCanada Department of Medical Biophysics Temerty Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TorontoToronto M2J 4A6ONCanada Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health NetworkToronto M2J 4A6ONCanada

From the approval of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines to the 2023 Nobel Prize awarded for nucleoside base modifications,RNA therapeutics have entered the spotlight and are transforming drug *** the term“RNA therapeutics”has been used in various contexts,this review focuses on treatments that utilize RNA as a component or target RNA for therapeutic *** summarize the latest advances in RNA-targeting tools and RNA-based technologies,including but not limited to mRNA,antisense oligos,siRNAs,small molecules and RNA *** focus on the mechanisms of current FDA-approved therapeutics but also provide a discussion on the upcoming *** clinical utility of RNA-based therapeutics is enabled not only by the advances in RNA technologies but in conjunction with the significant improvements in chemical modifications and delivery platforms,which are also briefly discussed in the *** summarize the latest RNA therapeutics based on their mechanisms and therapeutic effects,which include expressing proteins for vaccination and protein replacement therapies,degrading deleterious RNA,modulating transcription and translation efficiency,targeting noncoding RNAs,binding and modulating protein activity and editing RNA sequences and *** review emphasizes the concept of an RNA therapeutic toolbox,pinpointing the readers to all the tools available for their desired research and clinical *** the field advances,the catalog of RNA therapeutic tools continues to grow,further allowing researchers to combine appropriate RNA technologies with suitable chemical modifications and delivery platforms to develop therapeutics tailored to their specific clinical challenges.

关键词： RNA therapeutics delivery of nucleic acids chemical modifications

双钙钛矿氧化物中B位掺杂对固体氧化物燃料电池性能的影响

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核技术 2023年第6期46卷 68-76页

作者：雷金勇黄旭锐崔景赠夏梓汀朱健秋潘军杨怡萍于丰源廖梓豪王建强张宇轩张林娟广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局广州510600 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所上海201800 上海师范大学上海200234 中国科学院大学北京100049

作为氢燃料利用的核心器件,固体氧化物燃料电池(Solid Oxide Fuel Cell,SOFC)可以高效地将燃料气转化为电能。燃料电池中的阴极作为氧还原反应的发生场所,不仅对性能输出占有重要的影响,而且还是燃料电池的稳定性和寿命的关键决定因素... 详细信息

作为氢燃料利用的核心器件,固体氧化物燃料电池(Solid Oxide Fuel Cell,SOFC)可以高效地将燃料气转化为电能。燃料电池中的阴极作为氧还原反应的发生场所,不仅对性能输出占有重要的影响,而且还是燃料电池的稳定性和寿命的关键决定因素。针对阴极材料的研究在推动燃料电池技术发展及产业化进程中具有重要意义。为了提升阴极的电化学性能,本文对双钙钛矿结构氧化物PrBa_(0.8)Ca_(0.2)Co_(2)O_(5+δ)(PBCC)中的钴元素进行掺杂调控,研究掺杂元素的种类、浓度对材料电化学性能的影响,通过电化学性能测试确定了最优的掺杂元素类型和含量。当使用掺杂5 mol%铁元素的PBCC材料作为阴极时,燃料电池在700℃的最大功率达到了1259 mW∙cm^(-2),远优于未掺杂时的988 mW∙cm^(-2)。对掺杂元素含量和种类的优化有助于提升固体氧化物燃料电池的电化学性能。

关键词：固体氧化物燃料电池阴极双钙钛矿 B-位掺杂

Sodium vanadium oxides:From nanostructured design to high-performance energy storage materials

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第26期121卷 80-92页

作者： Yifan Dong Shuolei Deng ziting Ma Ge Yin Changgang Li Xunlong Yuan Huiyun Tan Jing Pan Liqiang Mai Fan xia Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education Faculty of Material Science and ChemistryChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing International School of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

Developing high-capacity and low-cost cathode materials for metal-ion rechargeable batteries is the mainstream trend and is also the key to providing breakthroughs in making high-energy rechargeable *** has a variety of valence states and can form a variety of vanadate *** a typical positive electrode material,vanadate has abundant ion adsorption sites,a unique“pillar”framework,and a typical layered ***,it has the advantages of high specific capacity and excellent rate performance,possessing the prospect of being a large-capacity energy storage *** this review,we focus on applications of sodium vanadium oxides(NVO)in electrical energy storage(EES)devices and summarize sodium vanadate materials from three aspects,including crystal structure,electrochemical performance,and energy storage *** recent progress of NVO-based highperformance energy storage materials along with nanostructured design strategies was provided and discussed as *** review is intended to serve as general guidance for researchers to develop desirable sodium vanadate materials.

关键词： Sodium vanadate Nanostructured materials Rechargeable metal-ion batteries Energy storage mechanism

Enlarged DNA unwinding by Nme2Cas9 permits a broadened base editing window beyond the protospacer

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 424-427页

作者： ziting Chen xiangyang Li Qian Zhang Wenjun Sun xiaoxuan Song xia Zhang Xingxu Huang Bo Sun School of Life Science and Technology and Gene Editing Center ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Zhejiang Lab HangzhouZhejiang 311121China CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Dear Editor,Base editing has been developed to be one of the effective CRISPR-based gene editing techniques(Rees and Liu,2018).Base editors(BEs)take advantage of DNAmodifying enzymes fused with a catalytically impaired CRISPR protein to install base *** BE,DNA-modifying enzymes often process nontarget singlestranded DNA(NTS)generated by Cas proteins.

关键词： install base winding

Anhydride-terminated Solid-State Carbon Dots with Bright Orange Emission Induced by Weak Excitonic ElectronicCoupling

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Anhydride-terminated Solid-State Carbon Dots with Bright Ora...

2021全国太阳能电池材料器件与技术大会

作者： Fan Liu Shuhong Xu Pengfei xia Hongyu Yang ziting Qian Yuan Jiang Zhuyuan Wang Dayan Ban Chunlei Wang Advanced Photonics Center School of Electronic Science and Engineering Southeast University Lab for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices Lab Department of Electronics Information Hangzhou Dianzi University Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo

Though great achievements have been made in fluorescent carbon dots(CDs) research, fabricating solid-state CDs with bright emission still remains very challenging. One common solution is to embed CDs into host matrix. However, it often suffers from low photoluminescence quantum yields(PLQY) as well as limited emission color of blue to green. In this work, we successfully synthesized a new type of anhydride-terminated CDs with strong orange fluorescence in powder form. The experimental results revealed that anhydride groups can emit orange fluorescence very efficiently at around 580 nm in wavelength. Due to the negligible hydrogen bonding interaction between the anhydride groups, the electronic coupling of excitons between neighboring anhydride groups is weak, leading to high PLQY of 28%. In addition, the hydrophobicity of the anhydride groups greatly facilitates the purification of the CDs, in which water can be used as an anti-solvent in precipitation process. Anhydride-terminated CDs can be partly converted into carboxyl-terminated CDs after dispersion in ethanol. However, strong electronic coupling of excitons quenches the blue emission of the carboxyl-terminated CDs in solid state form. A useful blue emission for solid state CDs is from low sp2 hybridized carbon atoms, which is realized by adjusting the feed ratio of reactants in the synthesis process of anhydride-terminated CDs. As a result, single component anhydride-terminated CDs powder with tunable emission color from orange to white light can be achieved. As-preparedanhydride-terminated CDs can be used for fabricating light emitting diodes(LEDs) and white LEDs.

关键词： carbon dots fluorescent solid-state anhydride electronic coupling white light emitting diodes

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基于地基雷达的月球成像综述

无线电工程 2024年第7期54卷 1749-1759页

作者：王瑞刚夏双志金松坡苏彦王紫婷中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所河北石家庄050081 中国科学院国家天文台北京100101 中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院北京100049

基于地基雷达的月球成像有利于研究地月系统及太阳系演化等科学问题,可以为登陆任务中的着陆区选址提供有力的科学依据,也有助于验证用于深空探测的地基雷达设备的可行性。地基雷达具有穿透性强、全天候、全天时和低成本等优势,国内外... 详细信息

基于地基雷达的月球成像有利于研究地月系统及太阳系演化等科学问题,可以为登陆任务中的着陆区选址提供有力的科学依据,也有助于验证用于深空探测的地基雷达设备的可行性。地基雷达具有穿透性强、全天候、全天时和低成本等优势,国内外已开展一系列基于地基雷达对月球成像的工作,成像方法主要包括时延多普勒方法及干涉成像方法。在不同阶段,采用不同的地基雷达设备和参数,获得了一系列不同分辨率的月球正面图。梳理了国内外地基雷达设备及其参数、成像方法及探测结果等,展望了基于地基雷达设备对月球进行成像的发展趋势。

关键词：地基雷达月球成像时延多普勒干涉成像

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阿波罗月球样品介电参数测试综述

无线电工程 2024年第9期54卷 2265-2272页

介电常数是衡量月球介电特性的重要参数。利用月球介电参数可以反演月壤厚度、密度等重要物性参数,有助于研究月球地质构造和地质演化历史。获取月表介电参数的方法主要为雷达远程遥测、月表雷达就位探测和月球样品测量,其中月球样品测... 详细信息

介电常数是衡量月球介电特性的重要参数。利用月球介电参数可以反演月壤厚度、密度等重要物性参数,有助于研究月球地质构造和地质演化历史。获取月表介电参数的方法主要为雷达远程遥测、月表雷达就位探测和月球样品测量,其中月球样品测量是最为直接有效的测量方式。阿波罗任务总共获得了约381 kg月球样品,总结了阿波罗月球样品介电参数测量方法,分析了测试结果。测试结果表明,频率、温度、湿度、密度和氧化物等因素会影响样品介电参数测量。在后续样品介电测试中,需要考虑这些因素。

关键词：月球样品介电常数损耗角正切集中电路法谐振腔法传输线法

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新型基础测绘中二维地理实体数据接边流程探讨

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北京测绘 2024年第4期38卷 621-625页

作者：魏子婷张海涛陶迎春夏强张科伟北京市测绘设计研究院北京100038 城市空间信息工程北京市重点实验室北京100038

由于地理实体数据体量大、数据结构特殊、语义关系复杂的特点,传统的接边方式并不适用于地理实体数据生产流程。本文引入了地理实体生产库,配合生产软件,通过接边数据提交、边界判断、数据标记、数据下载、接边生产、数据上传更新的全... 详细信息

由于地理实体数据体量大、数据结构特殊、语义关系复杂的特点,传统的接边方式并不适用于地理实体数据生产流程。本文引入了地理实体生产库,配合生产软件,通过接边数据提交、边界判断、数据标记、数据下载、接边生产、数据上传更新的全过程接边流程设计,提高了接边的效率和质量,保证了数据的完整性。经过工程实例验证,本文设计的接边流程合理有效,效率较高,有效支撑了国家新型基础测绘北京试点的建设。

关键词：新型基础测绘地理实体数据接边生产库

氯胁迫下水凝胶用量对烟苗生长发育和抗氧化酶活性的影响

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山东农业科学 2024年第10期56卷 80-85页

作者：高子婷罗菲杨建新刘玲玲刘新源夏茂林李俊营许跃奇姬小明河南农业大学烟草学院河南郑州450002 河南省烟草公司三门峡市公司河南三门峡472000 福建金闽再造烟叶发展有限公司福建福州350600 河南省烟草公司平顶山市公司河南平顶山467000

为缓解氯胁迫对烟苗生长发育的不利影响,本试验以水凝胶为材料,设置5个处理即CK(不施KCl和水凝胶)、CK1(1.15 g KCl/盆+0 g水凝胶)、T1(1.15 g KCl/盆+1 g水凝胶/盆)、T2(1.15 g KCl/盆+3 g水凝胶/盆)和T3(1.15 g KCl/盆+5 g水凝胶/盆)... 详细信息

为缓解氯胁迫对烟苗生长发育的不利影响,本试验以水凝胶为材料,设置5个处理即CK(不施KCl和水凝胶)、CK1(1.15 g KCl/盆+0 g水凝胶)、T1(1.15 g KCl/盆+1 g水凝胶/盆)、T2(1.15 g KCl/盆+3 g水凝胶/盆)和T3(1.15 g KCl/盆+5 g水凝胶/盆),研究氯胁迫下施用水凝胶对烟苗生长发育、抗氧化系统和常规化学成分的影响。结果表明,随着水凝胶用量增加,烟苗氯含量呈下降趋势,T2、T3处理烟苗氯含量较CK1分别降低21.35%和30.62%;T2处理烟苗地上部地下部鲜重、地上部地下部干重较CK1分别提高16.90%、20.29%、20.00%和30.93%,T3处理烟苗地上部地下部鲜重、地上部地下部干重较CK1分别提高27.70%、22.46%、30.77%和37.11%;T2、T3处理烟苗光合速率较CK1分别提高29.23%、41.78%;T2处理烟苗过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性以及丙二醛(MDA)含量较CK1分别降低19.30%、22.11%、12.98%和13.25%,T3处理烟苗CAT、POD、SOD活性以及MDA含量较CK1分别降低19.91%、21.59%、21.13%和20.33%;T2、T3处理有效提高氯胁迫下烟苗烟碱、总糖、还原糖含量和钾氯比。综上可见,施用水凝胶可有效缓解氯胁迫对烟苗的不利影响,促进烟苗生长发育。

关键词：水凝胶氯胁迫烟苗生长发育抗氧化酶活性