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SensFL:Privacy-Preserving Vertical Federated Learning with Sensitive Regularization

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 385-404页

作者： Chongzhen Zhang Zhichen Liu Xiangrui Xu Fuqiang Hu Jiao Dai Baigen Cai wei Wang School of Automation and Intelligence Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China Shuohuang Railway Development Co. Ltd.National Energy GroupCangzhou062350China Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation School of Computer Science and TechnologyBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China

In the realm of Intelligent Railway Transportation Systems,effective multi-party collaboration is crucial due to concerns over privacy and data *** Federated Learning(VFL)has emerged as a promising approach to facilitate such collaboration,allowing diverse entities to collectively enhance machine learning models without the need to share sensitive training ***,existing works have highlighted VFL’s susceptibility to privacy inference attacks,where an honest but curious server could potentially reconstruct a client’s raw data from embeddings uploaded by the *** vulnerability poses a significant threat to VFL-based intelligent railway transportation *** this paper,we introduce SensFL,a novel privacy-enhancing method to against privacy inference attacks in ***,SensFL integrates regularization of the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data into the model training process,effectively limiting the information contained in shared *** reducing the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data,SensFL can effectively resist reverse privacy attacks and prevent the reconstruction of the original data from the *** experiments were conducted on four distinct datasets and three different models to demonstrate the efficacy of *** results show that SensFL can effectively mitigate privacy inference attacks while maintaining the accuracy of the primary learning *** results underscore SensFL’s potential to advance privacy protection technologies within VFL-based intelligent railway systems,addressing critical security concerns in collaborative learning environments.

关键词： Vertical federated learning privacy defenses

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Combination of fruquintinib with venetoclax for the treatment of colorectal cancer

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Oncology Research 2025年第1期33卷 225-234页

作者： wei ZHANG weiCHENG WANG RUI WANG XIAO HAN LIJUN ZHU WENJIE GUO YANHONG GU Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing210029China State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China Department of Oncology The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityTaizhou225300China

Background:As a novel blocker of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor(VEGFR),fruquintinib has been approved for treating colorectal cancer(CRC).However,its dosage and therapeutic efficacy are limited by its widespread adverse ***,recognized as the initial inhibitor of B-cell lymphoma protein 2(BCL2),has shown potential in boosting the effectiveness of immunotherapy against *** study investigated the efficacy and mechanisms of fruquintinib combined with venetoclax in treating *** and Materials:We developed a colon cancer mouse model with the CT26 colon cell line to demonstrate fruquintinib and venetoclax’s efficacy against *** we employed various techniques to evaluate different aspects of the experimental *** was used to detect cell proliferation and angiogenesis in tumor *** blot analysis was utilized to examine the occurrence of cell apoptosis,and flow cytometry to quantitate immune cells within the tumor ***,immunofluorescence was employed to measure cytokine ***:The strongest inhibition on tumor growth was achieved by the combination of fruquintinib with venetoclax,as opposed to individual drug *** was found to amplify the impact of fruquintinib,leading to decreased cancer cell proliferation,increased cancer cell apoptosis,lowered angiogenesis,better vascular structure normalization,and improved immune cell ***:Our findings indicate that the addition of venetoclax enhances the impact of fruquintinib on vascular normalization and modulation of the tumor immune *** study presents the justification for utilizing the fruquintinib and venetoclax combination in treating *** holds promise in being assimilated into anticancer medications for CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer(CRC) B-cell lymphoma protein 2(BCL2) Venetoclax Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor(VEGFR) Fruquintinib Anti-angiogenesis Immunotherapy

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A six-variable quasi-3D isogeometric approach for free vibration of functionally graded graphene origami-enabled auxetic metamaterial plates submerged in a fluid medium

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 157-176页

作者： wei CHEN Zhihong TANG Yufen LIAO Linxin PENG College of Civil Engineering University of South China College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Guangxi University Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education Guangxi University

This paper presents, for the first time, an effective numerical approach based on the isogeometric analysis(IGA) and the six-variable quasi-three dimensional(3D)higher-order shear deformation theory(HSDT) to study the free vibration characteristics of functionally-graded(FG) graphene origami(GOri)-enabled auxetic metamaterial(GOEAM) plates submerged in a fluid medium. The plate theory incorporates the thickness stretching and the effects of transverse shear deformation without using any shear correction factors. The velocity potential function and Bernoulli's equation are used to derive the hydrodynamic pressure acting on the plate surface. Both horizontally and vertically immersed plate configurations are considered here in the form of inertia *** plates are composed of multilayer GOEAMs, with the GOri content varying through the plate's thickness in a layer-wise manner. This design results in graded auxetic *** material properties are evaluated by mixing rules and a genetic programming(GP)-assisted micromechanical model. The governing equations of motion for the FG-GOEAM plates immersed in a fluid medium are derived by Hamilton's principle. After validating the convergence and accuracy of the present model, a comprehensive parametric study is carried out to examine the effects of the GOri content, GOri distribution pattern, GOri folding degree, fluid level, immersed depth, and geometric parameter on the natural frequencies of the FG-GOEAM plates. The results show that the natural frequencies for the four GOri distribution patterns increase with the increase in the layer number when the lay number is fewer than 10, and then stabilize after the layer number reaches ***, in general, the natural frequency of the FG-GOEAM plate in a vacuum or fluid increases when the GOri content increases, while decreases when the GOri folding degree increases. Some additional findings related to the numerical results are presented in the conclusions. It is belie

关键词： Equations of motion

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High-dimensional large-scale mixed-type data imputation under missing at random

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Science China Mathematics 2025年

作者： wei Liu Guizhen Li Ling Zhou Lan Luo School of Mathematics Sichuan University Center of Statistical Research and School of Statistics Southwestern University of Finance and Economics Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science University of Iowa

Missingness in mixed-type variables is commonly encountered in a variety of areas. The requirement of complete observations necessities data imputation when a moderate or large proportion of data is ***, inappropriate imputation would downgrade the performance of machine learning algorithms, leading to bad predictions and unreliable statistical inference. For high-dimensional large-scale mixed-type missing data, we develop a computationally efficient imputation method, missing value imputation via generalized factor models（MIG）, under missing at random. The proposed MIG method allows missing variables to be of different types,including continuous, binary, and count variables, and are scalable to both data size n and variable dimension p while existing imputation methods rely on restrictive assumptions such as the same type of missing variables,the low dimensionality of variables, and a limited sample size. We explicitly show that the imputation error of the proposed MIG method diminishes to zero with the rate Op(max{n-1/2, p-1/2}) as both n and p tend to infinity. Five real datasets demonstrate the superior empirical performance of the proposed MIG method over existing methods that the average normalized absolute imputation error is reduced by 5.3%–34.1%.

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Molecular Structure Tailoring of Organic Spacers for High‑Performance Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 314-357页

作者： Pengyun Liu Xuejin Li Tonghui Cai wei Xing Naitao Yang Hamidreza Arandiyan Zongping Shao Shaobin Wang Shaomin Liu School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil ProcessingChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255049People’s Republic of China Centre for Applied Materials and Industrial Chemistry(CAMIC) School of ScienceRMIT UniversityMelbourneVic 3000Australia WA School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering(WASM‑MECE)Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6102Australia School of Chemical Engineering The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia School of Engineering Great Bay UniversityDongguan 523000People’s Republic of China

Layer-structured Ruddlesden–Popper(RP)perovskites(RPPs)with decent stability have captured the imagination of the photovoltaic research community and bring hope for boosting the development of perovskite solar cell(PSC)***,two-dimensional(2D)or quasi-2D RP PSCs are encountered with some challenges of the large exciton binding energy,blocked charge transport and poor film quality,which restrict their photovoltaic ***,these issues can be readily resolved by rationally designing spacer cations of *** review mainly focuses on how to design the molecular structures of organic spacers and aims to endow RPPs with outstanding photovoltaic *** firstly elucidated the important roles of organic spacers in impacting crystallization kinetics,charge transporting ability and stability of *** we brought three aspects to attention for designing organic ***,we presented the specific molecular structure design strategies for organic spacers of RPPs aiming to improve photovoltaic performance of RP *** proposed strategies in this review will provide new avenues to develop novel organic spacers for RPPs and advance the development of RPP photovoltaic technology for future applications.

关键词： Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites Low-dimensional perovskite solar cells Organic spacers Molecular structure Design strategies

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From waste to wealth:Coal tar residue derived carbon materials as low-cost anodes for potassium-ion batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 464-475页

作者： Zhonghua Lu Jun Shen Xin Zhang Lingcong Chao Liang Chen Ding Zhang Tao wei Shoudong Xu College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China College of Chemistry Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Energy and Power Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China

Carbon materials are widely recognized as highly promising electrode materials for various energy storage system *** tar residues(CTR),as a type of carbon-rich solid waste with high value-added utilization,are crucially important for the development of a more sustainable *** this study,we employed a straightforward direct carbonization method within the temperature range of 700-1000℃to convert the worthless solid waste CTR into economically valuable carbon materials as anodes for potassium-ion batteries(PIBs).The effect of carbonization temperature on the microstructure and the potassium ions storage properties of CTR-derived carbons(CTRCs)were systematically explored by structural and morphological characterization,alongside electrochemical performances *** on the co-regulation between the turbine layers,crystal structure,pore structure,functional groups,and electrical conductivity of CTR-derived carbon carbonized at 900℃(CTRC-900H),the electrode material with high reversible capacity of 265.6m Ah·g^(-1)at 50 m A·g^(-1),a desirable cycling stability with 93.8%capacity retention even after 100 cycles,and the remarkable rate performance for PIBs were ***,cyclic voltammetry(CV)at different scan rates and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)have been employed to explore the potassium ions storage mechanism and electrochemical kinetics of *** indicate that the electrode behavior is predominantly governed by surface-induced capacitive processes,particularly under high current densities,with the potassium storage mechanism characterized by an“adsorption-weak intercalation”*** work highlights the potential of CTR-based carbon as a promising electrode material category suitable for high-performance PIBs electrodes,while also provides valuable insights into the new avenues for the high value-added utilization of CTR.

关键词： coal tar residue carbon materials anode potassium-ion batteries high value-added

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Depression mechanism of sulfite ions on sphalerite and Pb^(2+)activated sphalerite in the flotation separation of galena from sphalerite

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 335-345页

作者： Feng Zhang Chenyang Zhang Linlin Wu wei Sun Hongliang Zhang Jianhua Chen Yong Pei Songjiang Li Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Carbon Emission Reduction in Metal Resource Exploitation and Utilization Hunan International Joint Research Center for Efficient and Clean Utilization of Critical Metal Mineral ResourcesSchool of Minerals Processing and BioengineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing Beijing General Research Institute of Mining&MetallurgyBeijing 100160China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro&Nano Materials Interfaces Science College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Resources Environment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Department of Chemistry Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China China Railway Resource Group Co.Ltd Beijing 102300China

The depression mechanism of sulfite ions on sphalerite and Pb^(2+)activated sphalerite in the flotation separation of galena from sphalerite still lacked in-depth ***,the depression mechanism of sulfite ions on sphalerite and Pb^(2+)activated sphalerite in the flotation separation of galena from sphalerite was further systematically investigated with experiments and density functional theory(DFT)*** X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy(XPS)results,DFT calculation results,and frontier molecular orbital analysis indicated that sulfite ions were difficult to be adsorbed on sphalerite surface,suggesting that sulfite ions achieved depression effects on sphalerite through other non-adsorption ***,the oxygen content in the surface of sphalerite treated with sulfite ions in creased,which enhanced the hydrophilicity of the sphalerite and further increased the difference in hydrophilicity between sphalerite and ***,sulfite ions were chelated with lead ions to form PbSO_(3)in *** hydrophilic PbSO_(3)was more easily adsorbed on sphalerite than *** interaction between sulfite ions and lead ions could effectively inhibit the activation of *** addition the UV spectrum showed that after adding sulfite ions,the peak of perxanthate in the sphalerite treated xanthate solution was significantly stronger than that in the galena with xanthate solution,indicating that xanthate interacted more readily with sulfite ions and oxygen mo lecules within the sphalerite system,leading to the formation of ***,sulfite ions hardly depressed the flotation of ga lena and could promote the flotation of galena to some *** study deepened the understanding of the depression mechanism o sulfite ions on sphalerite and Pb^(2+)activated sphalerite.

关键词： sphalerite galena sulfite ion density functional theory depression mechanism

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Gut microbiota-astrocyte axis: new insights into age-related cognitive decline

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 990-1008页

作者： Lan Zhang Jingge wei Xilei Liu Dai Li Xiaoqi Pang Fanglian Chen Hailong Cao Ping Lei Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Department of GeriatricsTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Tianjin Geriatrics Institute Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalNational Key Clinical SpecialtyTianjin Institute of Digestive DiseasesTianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseasesTianjinChina Department of Urology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Tianjin Neurological Institution Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina

With the rapidly aging human population,age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent *** is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota,microbial metabolites,and the functions of *** microbiota–gut–brain axis has been the focus of multiple studies and is closely associated with cognitive *** article provides a comprehensive review of the specific changes that occur in the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in older individuals and discusses how the aging of astrocytes and reactive astrocytosis are closely related to age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative *** article also summarizes the gut microbiota components that affect astrocyte function,mainly through the vagus nerve,immune responses,circadian rhythms,and microbial ***,this article summarizes the mechanism by which the gut microbiota–astrocyte axis plays a role in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s *** findings have revealed the critical role of the microbiota–astrocyte axis in age-related cognitive decline,aiding in a deeper understanding of potential gut microbiome-based adjuvant therapy strategies for this condition.

关键词： age aging Alzheimer’s disease astrocytes cognitive decline dementia gut microbiota gut–brain axis microbial metabolites neuroinflammation Parkinson’s disease

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Defects‑Rich Heterostructures Trigger Strong Polarization Coupling in Sulfides/Carbon Composites with Robust Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 528-547页

作者： Jiaolong Liu Siyu Zhang Dan Qu Xuejiao Zhou Moxuan Yin Chenxuan Wang Xuelin Zhang Sichen Li Peijun Zhang Yuqi Zhou Kai Tao Mengyang Li Bing wei Hongjing Wu Mengyang Li Bing wei Hongjing Wu School of Physics Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071People’s Republic of China School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor TechnologyXidian UniversityXi’an 710071People’s Republic of China School of Microelectronics Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071People’s Republic of China School of Telecommunication Engineering Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071People’s Republic of China MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary School of Physical Science and TechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems forAerospace School of Mechanical EngineeringNorthwestern PolytechnicalUniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China

Defects-rich heterointerfaces integrated with adjustable crystalline phases and atom vacancies,as well as veiled dielectric-responsive character,are instrumental in electromagnetic *** methods,however,constrain their delicate ***,an innovative alternative is proposed:carrageenan-assistant cations-regulated(CACR)strategy,which induces a series of sulfides nanoparticles rooted in situ on the surface of carbon *** unique configuration originates from strategic vacancy formation energy of sulfides and strong sulfides-carbon support interaction,benefiting the delicate construction of defects-rich heterostructures in M_(x)S_(y)/carbon composites(M-CAs).Impressively,these generated sulfur vacancies are firstly found to strengthen electron accumulation/consumption ability at heterointerfaces and,simultaneously,induct local asymmetry of electronic structure to evoke large dipole moment,ultimately leading to polarization coupling,i.e.,defect-type interfacial ***“Janus effect”(Janus effect means versatility,as in the Greek two-headed Janus)of interfacial sulfur vacancies is intuitively confirmed by both theoretical and experimental investigations for the first ***,the sulfur vacancies-rich heterostructured Co/Ni-CAs displays broad absorption bandwidth of 6.76 GHz at only 1.8 mm,compared to sulfur vacancies-free CAs without any dielectric *** defects-rich heterostructures,this one-pot CACR strategy may steer the design and development of advanced nanomaterials,boosting functionality across diverse application domains beyond electromagnetic response.

关键词： Defects-rich heterointerfaces Sulfides Polarization coupling Electromagnetic wave absorption

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Effect of Ti Additions on Mechanical and Thermodynamic Properties of W-Ti Alloys: A First-principles Study

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 246-257页

作者： ZHANG Jian NIE wei HUANG Jin ZHU Ke LIU Ruxia ZHANG Ruizhi LUO Guoqiang SHEN Qiang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Institute for Carbon Neutrality University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

The mechanical and thermodynamic properties of W-Ti alloys(including W_(15)Ti_(1),W_(14)Ti_(2),W_(12)Ti_(4) and W_(8)Ti_(8) alloys)were investigated by the first-principles approach based on density functional *** results indicate that W-Ti alloys except W_(8)Ti_(8) are thermodynamically *** modulus and hardness of W-Ti alloys are smaller than those of pure tungsten and gradually decrease with increasing Ti ***,their B/G ratios and Poisson's ratios exceed those of pure tungsten,suggesting that the introduction of Ti decreases the mechanical strength while enhancing the ductility of W-Ti *** thermal expansion coefficients for W-Ti alloys all surpass those of pure tungsten,indicating that the introduction of titanium exacerbates the thermal expansion behavior of W-Ti ***,elevated pressure has the capacity to suppress the thermal expansion tendencies in titanium-doped tungsten *** study offers theoretical insights for the design of nuclear materials by exploring the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of W-Ti alloys.

关键词： first-principles mechanical properties thermodynamic properties tungsten-titanium alloys

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