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Variational Reconstruction and Simulation Experiments of Sea Surface Wind Field for Ocean Data Buoy

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 577-582页

作者： li Yunzhou HUANG Sixun YAN Shen SUN Xuejin QI Suiping WANG zhongqiu TANG Xiaoyu College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Qingdao 266061China State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology College of Control Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao 266237China

The sea surface wind field is an important physical parameter in oceanography and meteorology.With the continuous refinement of numerical weather prediction,air-sea interface materials,energy exchange,and other studies,three-dimensional(3D)wind field distribution at local locations on the sea surface must be measured accurately.The current in-situ observation of sea surface wind parameters is mainly achieved through the installation of wind sensors on ocean data buoys.However,the results obtained from this single-point measurement method cannot reflect wind field distribution in a vertical direction above the sea surface.Thus,the present paper proposes a theoretical framework for the optimal inversion of the 3D wind field structure variation in the area where the buoy is located.The variation analysis method is first used to reconstruct the wind field distribution at different heights of the buoy,after which theoretical analysis verification and numerical simulation experiments are conducted.The results indicate that the use of variational methods to reconstruct 3D wind fields is significantly effective in eliminating disturbance errors in observations,which also verifies the correctness of the theoretical analysis of this method.The findings of this article can provide a reference for the layout optimization design of wind measuring instruments in buoy observation systems and also provide theoretical guidance for the design of new observation buoys in the future.

关键词： moored buoy three-dimensional wind field distribution variational analysis wind field reconstruction

Do bovids evolve hindquarter markings for anti-predation?

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Current Zoology 2022年第2期68卷 143-148页

作者： Cong Yu lixin CHEN Sihan NING Sana ULLAH zhongqiu li Laboratory of Animal Behavior and Conservation School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Department of Zoology Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahore 54000Pakistan

Conspicuous coloration in animals serves many functions such as anti-predation.Anti-predation strategies include motion dazzle and flash behavior.Motion dazzle markings can reduce the probability of being preyed on because the predators misjudge their movement.In flash behavior,prey demonstrate conspicuous cue while fleeing;the predators follow them;however,the prey hide their markings and the predators assume that the prey has vanished.To investigate whether bovids use conspicuous hindquarter markings as an anti-predatory behavior,we undertook phylogenetically controlled analyses to explore under what physiological characteristics and environmental factors bovids might have this color pattern.The results suggested that rump patches and tail markings were more prevalent in bovids living in larger-sized groups,which supports the hypothesis of intraspecific communication.Moreover,we observed the occurrence of conspicuous white hindquarter markings in bovids having smaller body size and living in larger groups,suggesting a motion dazzle function.However,the feature of facultative exposing color patterns(flash markings)was not associated with body size,which was inconsistent with predictions and implied that bovids may not adopt this as an anti-predator strategy.It was concluded that species in bovids with conspicuous white hindquarter markings adopt motion dazzle as an anti-predation strategy while fleeing and escaping from being prey on.

关键词： anti-predation bovid flash behavior hindquarter markings interspecies communication motion dazzle

Vocal repertoire of Azure-winged Magpies(Cyanopica cyanus):A context-associated communication system

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Avian Research 2023年第1期14卷 45-53页

作者： Xu Wang Fan Yu Haozhong Si zhongqiu li Laboratory of Animal Behaviour and Conservation School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNarying 20023Chine

Signals within animals’vocal communication are considered functional referential and context-specific.Even in the absence of the context,receivers are expected to acquire the information of calls and respond specificallyWhereas the framework was supported by plenty of evidence,its exhaustivity in describing all animal vocalisations has been questioned.Here,we investigated the vocal repertoire of a cooperatively breeding species,Azure-winged Magpie(Cyanopica cyanus),to present evidence for referential signals.The results showed that Azure-winged Magpies had a relatively large vocal repertoire,consisting of twelve distinct calls.These calls were associated with the context including movement,begging for food,contact,vigilance against predators,etc.However,even the predator-specific alarm calls would induce various responses of receivers.This implies that multiple pieces of information are involved in the vocalisation,which could be utilised by the receiver to select an appropriate response based on the surroundings.Our study gives a detailed description of the context and function of the vocal repertoire in Azure-winged Magpies,laying the foundation for further investigation on the developmental mechanisms of bird vocalisations.This study also suggests that the referential signals of animal vocalisations may not be limited to the context-specific responses of receivers and need to be discussed from a broader perspective.

关键词： Amure wingeod Magpies Behavioural ontext Reerential sigmals Vocal ammumication Vocal repertoire

Using a behavior random permutation model to identify displacement grooming in ungulates

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Current Zoology 2023年第2期69卷 200-207页

作者： Yunchao Luo lin Wang Le Yang Xiao-Fen li Patrick Anselme Xinxin Wang Xingjun Tian zhongqiu li Lab of Animal Behavior and Conservation School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology Lhasa 850000China Department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University800 DongChuan RoadShanghai 200240China Department of Biopsychology Ruhr-Universitat Bochum 44801BochumGermany

Behavior affects an individual's life in all aspects,e.g.,enhancing fitness,leveraging predation risk,and reducing competition with conspecifics.However,the sequential distribution of behaviors received less attention and is unclear what the function of displacement behavior is.Displacement activities can be found in vertebrate species but there is no formal method to determine whether a behavior is expressed as a displaced or normal activity.Analyzing the sequential distributions of behaviors in a natural setting may allow researchers to identify unexpected distributions as a possible signature of displacement activities.In this study,we used a behavior random permutation model to detect the presence of a displacement activity in the Tibetan antelope Pantholops hodgsonii and the Tibetan gazelle Procapra picticaudata.The results showed that grooming in both ungulates tended to be accompanied with vigilance,and the frequency of grooming after vigilance was significantly higher than before vigilance.A significant positive correlation between the scan rate and grooming rate in the 2 ungulates was obtained.We suggest that grooming could sometimes be expressed as a displacement activity in ungulates.In addition to providing a general method for further research on displacement activities in a variety of animal species,this study sheds light on the importance of a spectral analysis of sequential distribution of animal behaviors.Behavior random permutation models can be used to explore the relevance between any 2 behaviors in a specific sequence,especially to identify a myriad of unexpected behaviors relative to their normal context of occurrence.

关键词： behavior sequence displacement activity self-grooming vigilance random distribution behavioral analysis method

Mechanical model for double side self-propelled rolling machine based on rigid and flexible contact dynamics

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第6期15卷 38-43页

作者： Yiming li Yu liu Xiang Yue zhongqiu li Xing'an liu Tianlai li College of Engineering Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China College of Horticulture Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Shenyang Agricultural UniversityMinistry of EducationShenyang 110866China National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design&Application Technology(liaoning) Shenyang 110866China

The objective of the present research was to establish a mechanical model to study the performance of double side self-propelled rolling machine.There are two key models in the modeling process.The first model is the soft cover dynamics model,which is an important innovation in this study.And the insulation quilt was established based on the Macro-modeling technology.The second model is the double side self-propelled rolling machine virtual prototype model.By specifying multiple contact constraints and loadings between the soft cover dynamics model and the rigid component,the virtual prototype model was built successfully and the double side self-propelled rolling process was completely simulated.Moreover,the interaction mechanisms of the rigid and flexible coupling mechanics were investigated.The virtual rolling processes of different insulation quilt lengths were analyzed under different thickness treatments.The simulated results showed a good agreement with the experimental measurements,which suggested that the established model is an effective approach to evaluating and optimizing the rolling machine.The successful establishment of the mechanical model can facilitate the study of the performance of the product and further optimization,and also is of great significance to shorten the development cycle and reduce costs.

关键词： contact dynamics solar greenhouse self-propelled rolling machine mechanical model

Collective decision-making and spatial patterns in orientation of an endemic ungulate on the Tibetan Plateau

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 45-58页

作者：严雪婷王旭赵雨梦祝芹杨乐李忠秋 Lab of Animal Behavior&Conservation School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210023China Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology Lhasa850000China

Group living animals form striking aggregation patterns and display synchronization,polarization,and collective intelligence.Though many col-lective behavioral studies have been conducted on small animals like insects and fish,research on large animals is still rare due to the limited availability of field collective data.We used drones to record videos and analyzed the decision-making and behavioral spatial patterns in orienta-tion of Kiang(Tibetan wild ass,Equus kiang).Leadership is unevenly distributed among Kiang,with the minority initiating majority behavior-shift decisions.Decisions of individual to join are driven by imitation between group members,and are largely dependent on the number of members who have already joined.Kiang respond to the behavior and position of neighbors through different strategies.They strongly polarize when moving,therefore adopting a linear alignment.When vigilant,orientation deviation increases as they form a tighter group.They remain scattered while feeding and,in that context,adopt a side-by-side alignment.This study reveals partially-shared decision-making among Kiang,whereby copying neighbors provides the wisdom to thrive in harsh conditions.This study also suggests that animals'spatial patterns in orientation depend largely ontheirbehavioral states inachieving synchronization.

关键词： decision-making imitation spatial position Tibetan wild ass

WheatCENet:A Database for Comparative Co-expression Network Analysis of Allohexaploid Wheat and Its Progenitors

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2023年第2期21卷 324-336页

作者： zhongqiu li Yiheng Hu Xuelian Ma lingling Da Jiajie She Yue liu Xin Yi Yaxin Cao Wenying Xu Yuannian Jiao Zhen Su State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBejing 100193China StateKey Laboratory of Systematic and Eolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejing 100049China

Genetic and epigenetic changes after polyploidization events could result in variable gene expression and modified regulatory networks.Here,using large-scale transcriptome data,we constructed co-expression networks for diploid,tetraploid,and hexaploid wheat species,and built a platform for comparing co-expression networks of allohexaploid wheat and its progenitors,named *** is a platform for searching and comparing specific functional coexpression networks,as well as identifying the related functions of the genes clustered therein.Functional annotations like pathways,gene families,protein-protein interactions,microRNAs(miRNAs),and several lines of epigenome data are integrated into this platform,and Gene Ontology(GO)annotation,gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA),motif identification,and other useful tools are also included.Using WheatCENet,we found that the network of WHEAT ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION I(WAPOI)has more co-expressed genes related to spike development in hexaploid wheat than its progenitors.We also found a novel motif of CCWWWWWWGG(CArG)specifically in the promoter region of WAPO-Al,suggesting that neofunctionalization of the WAPO-AI gene affects spikelet development in hexaploid *** is useful for investigating co-expression networks and conducting other analyses,and thus facilitates comparative and functional genomic studies in wheat.

关键词： Co-expression network Species comparison Diploid and polyploid wheat Functional annotation

The group size effect and synchronization of vigilance in the Tibetan wild ass

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Current Zoology 2021年第1期67卷 11-16页

作者： Xinxin WANG Le YANG Yumeng ZHAO Cong Yu zhongqiu li Lab of Animal Behavior and Conservation School of Life SciencesNanjing University163 Xianlin AvenueNanjing210023China Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology 19 Beiing West RoadLhasa850000China

Vigilance behavior is considered as an effective strategy for prey species to detect predators.An individual benefits from living in a group by reducing the time spent being vigilant without affecting the probability of detecting a predator.However,the mechanism producing a decrease in vigilance with increasing group size is unclear.Many models of vigilance assume that group members scan independently of one another.Yet in recent studies,the other 2 patterns of vigilance,coordination and synchronization,were reported in some species.In 2 summers(2018 and 2019),we studied the group-size effect on vigilance and foraging of Tibetan wild ass in Chang Tang Nature Reserve of Tibet.We also tested whether individuals scan the environment independently,tend to coordinate their scans,or tend to synchronize their vigilance.The results showed that individuals decreased the time spent on vigilance with increasing group size,while increased the time spent foraging.Group members scanned the environment at the same time more frequently and there was a positive correlation between group members'behaviors,indicating that Tibetan wild asses tend to synchronize their vigilance.

关键词： group size effect synchronization of vigilance Tibetan wild ass

稀土Ce^(4+)掺杂对BCT–BZNT陶瓷结构和储能性能的影响

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硅酸盐学报 2024年第4期52卷 1355-1364页

作者：任香李筱瑒郭中秋李朋郝继功李伟聊城大学材料科学与工程学院山东省教育厅敏感材料与器件实验室山东聊城252059

电介质电容器由于具有超高的功率密度、超快的充放电速率,被广泛应用于脉冲功率电子设备。利用传统固相反应法合成了(1–x){0.88(Ba_(0.6)Ca_(0.4))TiO_(3)–0.12Bi[Zn_(2/3)(Nb_(0.85)Ta_(0.15))_(1/3)]O_(3)}–xCeO_(2)陶瓷(BCT–BZNT–xCe,x=0,0.010,0.015,0.020,0.025)。研究了稀土Ce对0.88(Ba_(0.6)Ca_(0.4))TiO_(3)–0.12Bi[Zn_(2/3)(Nb_(0.85)Ta_(0.15))_(1/3)]O_(3)陶瓷相结构、微观形貌、介电和储能性能的影响。结果表明:随着Ce含量的增加,陶瓷的晶粒得到细化,介电常数和介电损耗减小。此外,Ce的引入显著增强了样品的饱和极化和击穿电场强度。当x=0.02时,陶瓷在600 kV/cm的电场强度下获得了极高的可回收储能密度5.49 J/cm^(3)和储能效率89.4%,同时具有超快的充放电速率(t_(0.9)=23.8 ns)。样品BCT–BZNT–0.02Ce呈现出优异的综合性能,使其在脉冲功率领域具有很好的发展潜力。

关键词：钛酸钡弛豫铁电体储能性能充放电速率