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Aspartic acid in the hippocampus:a biomarker for postoperative cognitive dysfunction

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第2期9卷 143-152页

作者： Rong hu Dong huang Jianbin Tong Qin Liao Zhonghua Hu Wen Ouyang Department of Anesthesia Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South University Department of Anatomy&Neurobiology Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South University

This study established an aged rat model of cognitive dysfunction using anesthesia with 2% iso- flurane and 80% oxygen for 2 hours. Twenty-four hours later, Y-maze test results showed that isoflurane significantly impaired cognitive function in aged rats. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry results showed that isoflurane also significantly increased the levels of N,N-diethy- lacetamide, n-ethylacetamide, aspartic acid, malic acid and arabinonic acid in the hippocampus of isoflurane-treated rats. Moreover, aspartic acid, N,N-diethylacetamide, n-ethylacetamide and malic acid concentration was positively correlated with the degree of cognitive dysfunction in the isoflurane-treated rats. It is evident that hippocampal metabolite changes are involved in the formation of cognitive dysfunction after isoflurane anesthesia. To further verify these results, this study cultured hippocampal neurons in vitro, which were then treated with aspartic acid （100 μmol/L）. Results suggested that aspartic acid concentration in the hippocampus may be a biomarker for predicting the occurrence and disease progress of cognitive dysfunction.

关键词： nerve regeneration brain impairment anesthesia postoperative cognitive dysfunction isoflurane hippocampal metabolites metabonomics gas chromatography-mass spectrometry aspar-tic acid NSFC grant neural regeneration

Lymphatic vessel:origin,heterogeneity,biological functions,and therapeutic targets

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 442-478页

作者： Zhaoliang hu Xushi Zhao zhonghua Wu Bicheng Qu Minxian Yuan Yanan Xing Yongxi Song Zhenning Wang Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery The First Hospital of China Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors(China Medical University)Ministry of Education155 North Nanjing StreetHeping DistrictShenyang 110001China

Lymphatic vessels,comprising the secondary circulatory system in human body,play a multifaceted role in maintaining homeostasis among various tissues and organs.They are tasked with a serious of responsibilities,including the regulation of lymph absorption and transport,the orchestration of immune surveillance and responses.Lymphatic vessel development undergoes a series of sophisticated regulatory signaling pathways governing heterogeneous-origin cell populations stepwise to assemble into the highly specialized lymphatic vessel networks.Lymphangiogenesis,as defined by new lymphatic vessels sprouting from preexisting lymphatic vessels/embryonic veins,is the main developmental mechanism underlying the formation and expansion of lymphatic vessel networks in an embryo.However,abnormal lymphangiogenesis could be observed in many pathological conditions and has a close relationship with the development and progression of various diseases.Mechanistic studies have revealed a set of lymphangiogenic factors and cascades that may serve as the potential targets for regulating abnormal lymphangiogenesis,to further modulate the progression of diseases.Actually,an increasing number of clinical trials have demonstrated the promising interventions and showed the feasibility of currently available treatments for future clinical translation.Targeting lymphangiogenic promoters or inhibitors not only directly regulates abnormal lymphangiogenesis,but improves the efficacy of diverse treatments.In conclusion,we present a comprehensive overview of lymphatic vessel development and physiological functions,and describe the critical involvement of abnormal lymphangiogenesis in multiple diseases.Moreover,we summarize the targeting therapeutic values of abnormal lymphangiogenesis,providing novel perspectives for treatment strategy of multiple human diseases.

关键词： therapeutic origin specialized

Regulation of mTORC1 by amino acids in mammalian cells: A general picture of recent advances

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 1009-1023页

作者： Shizhe Zhang Xueyan Lin Qiuling Hou Zhiyong hu Yun Wang zhonghua Wang Key Laboratory of Ruminant Nutrition and Physiology College of Animal Science and TechnologyShandong Agricultural UniversityNo.61Daizong StreetTai'anShandongChina

The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1)integrates various types of signal inputs,such as energy,growth factors,and amino acids to regulate cell growth and proliferation mainly through the 2 direct downstream targets,eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 E-binding protein 1(4 EBP1)and ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1(S6 K1).Most of the signal arms upstream of mTORCl including energy status,stress signals,and growth factors converge on the tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC)-Ras homologue enriched in brain(Rheb)axis.Amino acids,however,are distinct from other signals and modulate mTORCl using a unique pathway.In recent years,the transmission mechanism of amino acid signals upstream of mTORCl has been gradually elucidated,and some sensors or signal transmission pathways for individual amino acids have also been discovered.With the help of these findings,we propose a general picture of recent advances,which demonstrates that various amino acids from lysosomes,cytoplasm,and Golgi are sensed by their respective sensors.These signals converge on mTORCl and form a huge and complicated signal network with multiple synergies,antagonisms,and feedback mechanisms.

关键词： mTORC1 Amino acids Leucine Mammal Signaling pathway

The effect of intranasal oxytocin on the perception of eye gaze direction

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The effect of intranasal oxytocin on the perception of eye g...

A geometric method based on space arc for pose-configuration simultaneous planning of segmented hyper-redundant manipulators

第二十一届全国心理学学术会议

作者： Yahuan Shi Zhonghua Hu Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience Liaoning Normal University

Over the last decades, researches have found that oxytocin(OXT) plays a crucial role in the social interactions and social cognition. Most of the studies suggested that OXT enhanced the processing of the eye region. To date, no one has studied whether OXT affects the perception of gaze direction. However, the judgement of gaze direction is crucially involved in the social communication. It is the basis of the joint attention, and a foundation of human social cognition and language development. So we attempted to investigate whether OXT has an effect on the perception of gaze direction. Furthermore, some studies showed that OXT had a sex-dependent effect on the social interactions and social cognition. Thus the present study investigated how oxytocin affects the judgement of gaze direction, and whether the OXT effects was modulated by the participants’ sex when the faces display threatening emotions. The discussion of this question may extend the application of OXT in the social interactions and provide a new idea for the invention of the abnormal population, such as autism. Following a double-blind, placebo controlled within-subject cross-over design, 120 participants(male=60, female=60) were asked to finish two experimental sessions, separated by approximately four weeks. Concerning the administration of the substances, participants were told that they would receive oxytocin during one session and placebo in the other, and the administration order was randomized. Thirty minutes after the administration of OXT, participants were required to complete questionnaires, including The Positive and Negative Affect Scale(PANAS), State Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI), and Beck Depression inventory(BDI-II). Then, they accomplished the main task. Faces of 3 virtual male actors were captured while expressing 11 different gaze directions and 3 facial expressions(anger, fear, neutral). Participants were required to judge whether the gaze direction was looking towards or away from them and asked to choose the most appropriate res

关键词： oxytocin the cone of direct gaze（CoDG） facial expressions gender difference

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2021年第11期64卷 2389-2407页

作者： hu zhonghua YUAN Han XU WenFu YANG TaiWei LIU TianLiang LIANG Bin School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China State Key Laboratory^of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

A segmented hyper-redundant manipulator can perform complicated operation tasks in a confined space due to its high flexibility and dexterity. However, the trajectory planning in a narrow space and obstacles environment is very challenging for the manipulator. In this paper, we propose a geometry method to simultaneously plan the end-effector pose and manipulator’s configuration. Firstly, the geometries of each segment are described by an inscribed arc(IA) and a circumscribed arc(CA). Then,the whole kinematics chain is considered as an inscribed curve(IC) or a circumscribed curve(CC) which are composed of multiple IAs or CAs. Furthermore, the IC and CC of the manipulator are divided into multiple spatial single-arc and double-arc groups according to requirements. The pose-configuration simultaneous planning is realized by the spatial single-arc/double-arc modeling and joints angles solving. By numerical iteration, the spatial arcs’ parameters are determined according to desired pose and boundary condition of obstacle avoidance. The angles of joints are analytically solved when the above parameters are known. Finally, a narrow space detection task is simulated and experimented respectively. The results verify the proposed method.

关键词： segmented hyper-redundant manipulator pose-configuration simultaneous planning spatial arc modeling obstacle avoidance geometric planning

Responses in splanchnic and mammary amino acid metabolism to short-term graded removal of methionine in lactating goats

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第2期13卷 116-125页

作者： Yantao Li Mark D.Hanigan Xueyan Lin Zhiyong hu Zhengui Yan Qiuling Hou Yun Wang zhonghua Wang Ruminant Nutrition and Physiology Laboratory College of Animal Science and TechnologyShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'an 271018China Department of Dairy Science Virginia TechBlacksburg 24061USA

Four multi-catheterized lactating goats were used in a 4×4 Latin square experiment to investigate the responses of amino acid metabolism in portal-drained viscera(PDV),liver,and mammary glands to short-term varying supplies of methionine(Met).During the last 45 h in each experimental period,goats were fasted for 12 h and then abomasally infused with an amino acid(AA)mixture plus glucose for 33 h.Treatments consisted of graded removal of Met from an infused AA mixture to achieve Met content in the infusate of 100%(complete),60%,30%,or 0%that in casein.Graded Met removal decreased the pro-duction of milk,milk protein,lactose,and fat linearly whilst also decreasing arterial Met concentration linearly(P0.1)was maintained as Met supply declined.This was achieved through increased mammary affinity(P<0.05)and increased mammary blood flow(P<0.05)totally offsetting the negative effect of decreased circu-lating Met concentration.Graded removal of Met from the infusate linearly decreased mammary uptake-to-milk output ratios of Met(P<0.05)and tended to decrease essential amino acid(EAA)linearly(0.05

关键词： Methionine Lactating goat Milk protein Amino acid Splanchnic tissue

Targeted mutagenesis of POLYAMINE OXIDASE 5 that negatively regulates mesocotyl elongation enables the generation of direct-seeding rice with improved grain yield

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Molecular Plant 2021年第2期14卷 344-351页

作者： Yusong Lv Gaoneng Shao Guiai Jiao zhonghua Sheng Lihong Xie Shikai hu Shaoqing Tang Xiangjin Wei Peisong hu State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Center for Rice ImprovementChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Under conditions of labor or resource scarcity,direct seeding,rather than transplantation,is the preferred mode of rice(Oryza sativa)cultivation.This approach requires varieties that exhibit uniform seedling emergence.Mesocotyl elongation(ME),the main driver of rapid emergence of rice seedlings from soil,is enhanced by darkness and inhibited by light.Plant polyamine oxidases(PAOs)oxidize polyamines(PAs)and release H2O2,Here,we established that OsPAO5 expression in rice seedlings is increased in the presence of light and inhibited by darkness.To determine its role in ME,we created OsPAO5 mutants using CRISPR/Cas9.Compared with the wild type,pao5 mutants had longer mesocotyls,released less H2O2,and synthesized more ethylene.The mutant seedlings emerged at a higher and more uniform rate,indicating their potential for use in direct seeding.Nucleotide polymorphism analysis revealed that an SNP(PAO5-578G/A)located 578 bp upstream of the OsPAO5 start codon alters its expression,and was selected during rice mesocotyl domestication.The PAO5-578G genotype conferring a long mesocotyl mainly exists in wild rice,most Aus accessions,and some Geng(Japonica)accessions.Intriguingly,knocking out OsPAO5 can remarkably increase the grain weight,grain number,and yield potential.In summary,we developed a novel strategy to obtain elite rice with higher emergence vigor and yield potential,which can be conveniently and widely used to breed varieties of direct-seeding rice.

关键词： Oryza sativa direct seeding mesocotyl elongation grain yield polyamine oxidase 5

Effect of external surface of HZSM-5 zeolite on product distribution in the conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2014年第6期23卷 771-780页

作者： Junhui Li Yanan Wang Wenzhi Jia Zhiwen Xi huanhui Chen Zhirong Zhu Zhonghua Hu Department of Chemistry Tongji University

The external surface of HZSM-5 zeolite was passivated by liquid siliceous deposition and by acidic sites poisoning with lepidine, respectively. Then methanol-to-hydrocarbons （MTH） reaction was investigated over the above as-prepared catalysts and the dissoluble coke on these used catalysts was analyzed by GC-MS, to study the role of the external surface of HZSM-5 in the catalytic reaction. Comparison with the experi- mental results based on parent ZSM-5 showed that the product distribution of MTH reaction was obviously influenced by the external surface. Evidences were listed as follows：（1） the final product on parent HZSM-5 showed higher aromatic selectivity, lower olefin selectivity, lower ra- tio of C2/C3＋ aliphatics and higher ratio of C3/C4＋ aliphatics than the reaction mixture produced by the sole catalysis of acidic sites in HZSM-5 channel; （2） a little of pentamethylbenzene and hexamethylbenzene in the product on parent HZSM-5, was produced via multi-methylation of methylbenzene on the external surface. The above conclusion may also be suitable for MTH reaction over other zeolites with 10-ring channel.

关键词： methanol-to-hydrocarbons product distribution HZSM-5 external surface acidic sites

Moving Finite Element Simulations for Reaction-Diffusion Systems

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2012年第3期4卷 365-381页

作者： Guanghui hu zhonghua Qiao Tao Tang Department of Mathematics Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824-1027USA Department of Applied Mathematics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong Department of Mathematics Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong Kong

This work is concerned with the numerical simulations for two reactiondiffusion systems,i.e.,the Brusselator model and the Gray-Scott model.The numerical algorithm is based upon a moving finite element method which helps to resolve large solution gradients.High quality meshes are obtained for both the spot replication and the moving wave along boundaries by using proper monitor functions.Unlike[33],this work finds out the importance of the boundary grid redistribution which is particularly important for a class of problems for the Brusselator model.Several ways for verifying the quality of the numerical solutions are also proposed,which may be of important use for comparisons.

关键词： Reaction-diffusion systems Brusselator model Gray-Scott model moving finite element method