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Online power management strategy for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles based on deep reinforcement learning and driving cycle reconstruction

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Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation 2022年第2期1卷 62-74页

作者： zhiyuan fang Zeyu Chen Quanqing Yu Bo Zhang Ruixin Yang School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Northeastern UniversityWenhua Road110819 ShenyangChina National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles Beijing Institute of TechnologyZhongguancun South Street100081 BeijingChina School of Automotive Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyWenhua West Road264209 WeihaiChina

This paper proposes a novel power management strategy for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles based on deep reinforcement learning *** parallel soft actor-critic(SAC)networks are trained for high speed,medium speed,and low-speed conditions respectively;the reward function is designed as minimizing the cost of energy cost and battery *** operation,the driving condition is recognized at each moment for the algorithm invoking based on the learning vector quantization(LVQ)neural *** top of that,a driving cycle reconstruction algorithm is *** historical speed segments that were recorded during the operation are reconstructed into the three categories of high speed,medium speed,and low speed,based on which the algorithms are online *** SAC-based control strategy is evaluated based on the standard driving cycles and Shenyang practical *** results indicate the presented method can obtain the effect close to dynamic programming and can be further improved by up to 6.38%after the online update for uncertain driving conditions.

关键词： Electric vehicle Deep reinforcement learning Power management strategy Driving cycle reconstruction Optimal control strategy

Tumor-immune Co-evolution in hepatocellular carcinoma and itsimplication for immunotherapy resistance

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iLIVER 2022年第1期1卷 78-80页

作者： zhiyuan fang Huayu Yang Yilei Mao Department of Liver Surgery Peking Union Medical College(PUMC)HospitalPUMC&Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)Beijing100730China

*** In recent years,investigators have witnessed great progress in understanding the tumor microenvironment(TME)and evolution,which has been accompanied by a substantial number of newly developed targeted therapies and *** are capable of escaping immune surveillance in the context of both spontaneous immune response and immunotherapies,and these two immune evasion processes share many overlapping mechanisms,such as human leukocyte antigen loss of heterozygosity(HLA-LOH)and immunoediting[1].For hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),numerous treatment strategies targeting the TME have been proposed in recent years[2,3].Among these strategies,immune-checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)have been found to be a promising therapeutic choice[4–6].The combination of atezolizumab(anti--programmed death-ligand 1,PD-L1)and bevacizumab(anti-vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)antibodies demonstrated significantly better overall and progression-free survival than the kinase inhibitor sorafenib in patients with unresectable HCC in a phase III trial[4],and this combination was established as a first-line treatment for advanced ***,the response rate for ICIs was limited[4–6],and it was reported that nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-related HCC was less responsive to ICIs than other HCCs[7].Given the clinical importance of tolerance to immunotherapy in HCC,tumor-immune co-evolution deserves more attention and may provide novel ideas for developing new combination therapies that target multiple mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance.

关键词： immunotherapy hepatocellular evolution

Heterotic Group Classification of 63 Inbred Lines and Hybrid Purity Identification by Using SSR Markers in Winter Cabbage(Brassica Oleracea L. var. capitata)

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2018年第4期4卷 158-164页

作者： LI Xing YU Hailong LI zhiyuan LIU Xiaoping fang zhiyuan LIU Yumei YANG Limei ZHUANG Mu LV Honghao ZHANG Yangyong Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Winter cabbage is an important crop cultivated through winter in the region near the Yangtze River, enabling the supply of fresh cabbage there at that time of year. However, a problem has emerged regarding the newly developed parents of winter cabbage, which is completely different from spring and autumn cabbage, namely, how to combine these parents to breed an elite hybrid. To classify the heterotic groups and improve the efficiency of parent selection in winter cabbage breeding, 20 polymorphic SSR markers were selected to screen 63 winter cabbage inbred lines. Seventeen pairs among the 20 SSR markers amplified polymorphic bands. These primers amplified two to six bands,with an average of 2.8 bands per primer, and a total of 47 polymorphic bands were generated in the 63 inbred lines. These lines included flatheaded morphotype and round-headed morphotype, thus they were separately classified into heterotic groups based on the SSR markers. The flat-headed morphotype contained 21 inbred lines and was classified into three heterotic groups, named Hanchun 4, Jiali, and Dongsheng, in accordance with the representative germplasm contained in each group. The round-headed morphotype contained 42 inbred lines and was classified into five heterotic groups, named Parte, Bejo1039, YK-143, SCA002, and Golden B90. Meanwhile, parent analysis of 20 developed elite combinations showed that their parents were all distributed in different heterotic groups, indicating that the group classification was reasonable,which can provide a basis for further parent selection in winter cabbage breeding. Furthermore, polymorphic SSR primers were successfully used to identify the hybrid purity of three elite varieties.

关键词： winter cabbage head morphotype SSR marker heterotic group hybrid purity identification

Genome-wide identification and analysis of cytokinin dehydrogenase/oxidase(CKX) family genes in Brassica oleracea *** their involvement in response to Plasmodiophora brassicae infections

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2022年第1期8卷 68-80页

作者： Mingzhao Zhu Yong Wang Shujin Lu Limei Yang Mu Zhuang Yangyong Zhang Honghao Lv zhiyuan fang Xilin Hou State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops Ministry of AgricultureInstitute of Vegetables and FlowersChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Cytokinins are a class of phytohormones that promote cell division and differentiation and are thought to affect plant immunity to multiple ***,a comprehensive analysis of cytokinin dehydrogenase/oxidase(CKX)family genes in cabbage has not been *** this study,a total of 36 CKX genes were identified using a genome-wide search *** analysis classified these genes into three *** were distributed unevenly across nine chromosomes in ***,and 15 of them did not contain any *** results of colinearity analysis showed that 36 CKX gene in Arabidopsis was present in several copies in the Brassica oleracea *** analysis of cisacting elements indicated that all genes possessed at least one stress or hormone responsive cis-acting element.A heatmap of CKX gene expression showed the patterns of expression of these genes in various tissues and *** genes(Bol028363,Bol031036 and Bol018140)were relatively highly expressed in all of the investigated tissues under normal conditions,showing the expression profile of housekeeping ***,the expression patterns of CKX genes in Jingfeng 1 and Xiangan 336 were quite different under the same ***,three genes(Bol020547,Bol028392 and Bol045724)were significantly down-regulated and up-regulated in the susceptible and resistant material,respectively,after inoculation,which may indicate their crucial roles in resistance to clubroot *** results provide insights for better understanding the roles of CKX genes in the ***–*** interaction.

关键词： Brassica oleracea Genome-wide Cytokinin dehydrogenase/oxidase(CKX)genes Clubroot

Utilization of Ogura CMS germplasm with the clubroot resistance gene by fertility restoration and cytoplasm replacement in Brassica oleracea L

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 1971-1980页

作者： Wenjing Ren zhiyuan Li Fengqing Han Bin Zhang Xing Li zhiyuan fang Limei Yang Mu Zhuang Honghao Lv Yumei Liu Yong Wang Hailong Yu Yangyong Zhang Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural CropsMinistry of Agriculture#12 Zhong Guan Cun Nandajie StreetBeijing 100081China

Clubroot disease,a major plant root disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae,has become one of the most destructive diseases among cultivated cruciferous ***,clubroot-resistant Brassica oleracea materials are rare.A few clubroot-resistant cabbage varieties are available on the market,but all are Ogura cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)***,in this study,to reutilize the clubroot-resistant Ogura CMS germplasm of cabbage,a new fertility-restored Ogura CMS material,16Q2-11,was used as a bridge to transfer the clubroot resistance(CR)gene from the Ogura CMS cytoplasm to the normal cytoplasm by a two-step method(a fertility restoration and cytoplasm replacement method).In the first cross for fertility restoration of Ogura CMS clubroot-resistant cabbage(FRCRC),16Q2-11 was used as a restorer to cross with Ogura CMS materials containing the CR gene *** Rfo-positive progenies were generated,of which four contained CRb2:F8-514,F8-620,F8-732 and *** inoculation with race 4 of ***,these four CRb2-positive individuals showed ***,F8-514 and F8-839 were then used as male parents in the second cross of FRCRC to cross with cabbage inbred lines,resulting in the successful introgression of the CRb2 gene into the inbred *** offspring produced from this step of cross,which had a normal cytoplasm,showed a high resistance to race 4 of *** and could be utilized for the breeding of clubrootresistant cabbage varieties in the *** is the first time that the Ogura CMS restorer has been used to restore the fertility of Ogura CMS clubroot-resistant cabbages,which could improve germplasm diversity in cabbage and provide a reference method for using CMS germplasm in Brassica crops.

关键词： fertility germplasm breeding

Measurement of downburst storm wind field and wind response of transmission tower

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Zhendong yu Chongji/Journal of Vibration and Shock 2024年第24期43卷 267-276页

作者： Wang, Zhisong Xu, Qinglu fang, zhiyuan Yang, Fei School of Civil Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400045 China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471023 China

Downburst is a common extreme wind climate, which is destructive to transmission lines. It is of great significance to study the wind field and wind effect of downburst in order to understand the characteristics of wind field and carry out the design of structure anti-thunder storm reasonably. This study is based on the field measurement project of transmission towers in southern Zhejiang Province. Suspected downburst wind speed data were selected. The measured model of transmission tower is established, and the wind-induced vibration response of transmission tower under the measured wind field is analyzed. The research results show that The measured time-varying average wind speed of downburst can be extracted quickly and accurately by using the moving average method and using the average time distance of 60s. The turbulence intensity of the pulsating wind speed during suspected downburst events, particularly during periods of extreme wind speed, was measured to be approximately 0.2, indicating a close resemblance to a Gaussian distribution. Upon analyzing the temporal variation of turbulence intensity in two wind speed time series, it was observed that the turbulence intensity tends to increase as the measured wind speed becomes larger, especially when the wind field weakens during wind speed reductions. The measured inclination, second and top layer acceleration responses are mainly provided by the first two orders of modes. The foot strain of transmission tower is greatly affected by temperature in a long time range and wind speed in a local short time range. The structural response is mainly provided by the first two orders of modes;Using the nonlinear planning genetic algorithm to record the wind speed timescale through a limited number of measurement points can be a good inverse performance of the wind field parameters, and the reconstructed wind field is better restored to the measured wind field wind speed timescale;The dynamic response of the transmission

关键词： Inverse problems

Dissection of two QTL clusters underlying yield-related heterosis in the cabbage founder parent 01–20

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2023年第1期9卷 77-88页

作者： Xing Li Honghao Lv Bin Zhang zhiyuan fang Limei Yang Mu Zhuang Yumei Liu Zhansheng Li Yong Wang Yangyong Zhang Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops Institute of Vegetables and FlowersChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijingChina

Cabbage has significant heterosis and most commercial cultivars are *** explore genetic basis of cabbage heterosis and promote cabbage heterosis utilization,we constructed two populations by crossing 100 DH lines derived from a cabbage hybrid 01–20×96–100 with two female *** exhibited different extents of heterosis,the mean value of economic yield was 2.6 times bigger than *** identified 66 and 73 QTLs associated with mid-parent heterosis and transgressive heterosis of twelve yield-related traits,*** QTLs could be detected under the two-year experiment existed in two populations with different testers,showing relatively high phenotypic contribution rate(15.8%–20.0%).Heterosis QTLs exhibited clustered distribution in several cabbage chromosome *** dominant genetic regions,mk300–316 and mk258–268,originated from the elite parent 01–20,exhibited significant genetic effects for yield-related heterosis,which were first *** elite DH lines(D22,D46,D83)harboring these two dominant regions were selected as having strong heterosis in cabbage *** gene analysis revealed that some genes participating in biosynthetic processes of carbohydrates and some responses to auxin might affect cabbage yield *** identification and genetic dissection of yield-related traits provide new insights into the genetic effects of cabbage heterosis.

关键词： Cabbage Yield-related traits Heterosis QTL Genetic analysis New inbred line breeding

Map-based cloning and CRISPR/Cas9-based editing uncover BoNA1 as the causal gene for the no-anthocyanin-accumulation phenotype in curly kale (Brassica oleracea var. sabellica)

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Horticulture Research 2023年第8期10卷 194-202页

作者： Kaiwen Yuan Xinyu Zhao Wenru Sun Limei Yang Yangyong Zhang Yong Wang Jialei Ji Fengqing Han zhiyuan fang Honghao Lv State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and FlowersChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081China

Brassica oleracea comprises several important vegetable and ornamental crops,including curly kale,ornamental kale,cabbage,broccoli,and *** accumulation of anthocyanins,important secondary metabolites valuable to human health,in these plants varies widely and is responsible for their pink to dark purple *** curly kale varieties lack anthocyanins,making these plants completely *** genetic basis of this trait is still *** crossed the curly kale inbred line BK2019(without anthocyanins)with the cabbage inbred line YL1(with anthocyanins)and the Chinese kale inbred line TO1000(with anthocyanins)to generate segregating *** no-anthocyanin trait was genetically controlled by a recessive gene,*** generated a linkage map and mapped bona1 to a 256-kb interval on *** identified one candidate gene,Bo9g058630,in the target genomic region;this gene is homologous to AT5G42800,which encodes a dihydroflavonol-4-reductase-like(DFR-like)protein in *** BK2019,a 1-bp insertion was observed in the second exon of Bo9g058630 and directly produced a stop *** verify the candidate gene function,CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology was applied to knock out *** generated three bona1 mutants,two of which were completely green with no anthocyanins,confirming that Bo9g058630 corresponds to *** insertion/deletion mutations in BoNA1 exons were found in all six of the other no-anthocyanin kale varieties examined,supporting that independent disruption of BoNA1 resulted in no-anthocyanin varieties of *** study improves the understanding of the regulation mechanism of anthocyanin accumulation in *** subspecies.

关键词： crops fir insertion

Genetic diversity and population structure analysis of 161 broccoli cultivars based on SNP markers

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2021年第5期7卷 423-433页

作者： Jingjing Huang Yumei Liu Fengqing Han zhiyuan fang Limei Yang Mu Zhuang Yangyong Zhang Honghao Lv Yong Wang Jialei Ji Zhansheng Li Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of AgricultureBeijing 100081China

To better understand the genetic diversity and population structure of broccoli cultivars planted in China,a total of 161 representative broccoli cultivars in the past 25 years were collected and analysed based on single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)*** pairs of primers with good polymorphism and high resolution were screened from 315 pairs of SNP primers by 3 broccoli accessions(inbred lines)with different phenotypes and *** 10 pairs of SNP primers were selected,producing 78 *** diversity analysis indicated that the polymorphism information content(PIC)of SNP primer ranged from 0.64 to *** observed number of alleles(Na)was 2.00,the effective number of alleles(Ne)was 1.11–2.00,the Nei’s gene diversity(H)was 0.10–0.50,and Shannon information index(I)was 0.20–0.70 using PopGene32 *** clustering results showed that the 161 broccoli cultivars could be divided into 4 major subgroups(A,B,C and D),foreign cultivars were all assigned to subgroup A,and domestic cultivars were assigned to 3 subgroups of B,C,and *** study indicated that some domestic cultivars and foreign cultivars were similar in genetic background,but most domestic cultivars were still different from the Japanese *** K=2,the population structure result presented that 161 broccoli cultivars could be divided into 1 simple group(2 groups)and 1 mixed *** Q≥0.6,143(88.82%)broccoli cultivars belonged to the simple *** simple groups 68(42.24%)broccoli cultivars of group 1 were derived from Japan,the United States,Switzerland,the Netherlands,China-Taiwan,and China-Mainland;75(46.58%)broccoli cultivars belonged to group 2;when Q<0.6,18(11.18%)broccoli cultivars belonged to the mixed *** study is helpful to understand the diversity and resolution of broccoli cultivars from worldwide,which is beneficial to plant breeding and materials *** meanwhile,this result is also used for construction of broccoli fingerprint serving for cultivar id

关键词： Broccoli Genetic diversity Population structure analysis Fingerprint SNP