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Intercomparison of multi-model ensemble-processing strategies within a consistent framework for climate projection in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第9期66卷 2125-2141页

作者： Huanhuan ZHU zhihong jiang Laurent LI Wei LI Sheng jiang Panyu ZHOU Weihao ZHAO Tong LI Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisasterNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique CNRSSorbonne UniversitéEcole Normale SupérieureEcole PolytechniqueParis 75005France School of Mathematics and Statistics Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Climate change adaptation and relevant policy-making need reliable projections of future climate.Methods based on multi-model ensemble are generally considered as the most efficient way to achieve the goal.However,their efficiency varies and inter-comparison is a challenging task,as they use a variety of target variables,geographic regions,time periods,or model pools.Here,we construct and use a consistent framework to evaluate the performance of five ensemble-processing methods,i.e.,multimodel ensemble mean(MME),rank-based weighting(RANK),reliability ensemble averaging(REA),climate model weighting by independence and performance(ClimWIP),and Bayesian model averaging(BMA).We investigate the annual mean temperature(Tav)and total precipitation(Prcptot)changes(relative to 1995–2014)over China and its seven subregions at 1.5 and 2℃warming levels(relative to pre-industrial).All ensemble-processing methods perform better than MME,and achieve generally consistent results in terms of median values.But they show different results in terms of inter-model spread,served as a measure of uncertainty,and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).ClimWIP is the most optimal method with its good performance in simulating current climate and in providing credible future projections.The uncertainty,measured by the range of 10th–90th percentiles,is reduced by about 30%for Tav,and 15%for Prcptot in China,with a certain variation among subregions.Based on ClimWIP,and averaged over whole China under 1.5/2℃global warming levels,Tav increases by about 1.1/1.8℃(relative to 1995–2014),while Prcptot increases by about 5.4%/11.2%,respectively.Reliability of projections is found dependent on investigated regions and indices.The projection for Tav is credible across all regions,as its SNR is generally larger than 2,while the SNR is lower than 1 for Prcptot over most regions under 1.5℃warming.The largest warming is found in northeastern China,with increase of 1.3(0.6–1.7)/2.0(1.4–2.6)℃(ensemble’s median and range of the 10th–90th percentiles)under 1.5/2℃warmin

关键词： Multi-model ensemble simulation Ensemble-processing strategy Global warming targets Climate projection uncertainty assessment Regional climate change in China

Multi-Joint Active Collision Avoidance for Robot Based on Depth Visual Perception

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第12期9卷 2186-2189页

作者： Hui Li Xingfang Wang Xiao Huang Yifan Ma zhihong jiang School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Dear editor,Human-robot collaboration is a research topic that has numerous potential applications, such as in smart cities. An important safety consideration in human-robot collaboration is collision avoidance[1]. Many studies have prioritized collision avoidance of the robot end-effector. However, multi-joint(whole-body) collision avoidance is also very important in complex working scenarios. Several studies have achieved multi-joint collision avoidance by estimating the distance between obstacles and control points placed on the robot body.

关键词： robot Robot Visual

Valorization of Camellia oleifera oil processing byproducts to value-added chemicals and biobased materials: A critical review

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第1期9卷 28-53页

作者： Xudong Liu Yiying Wu Yang Gao Zhicheng jiang Zicheng Zhao Wenquan Zeng Mingyu Xie Sisi Liu Rukuan Liu Yan Chao Suli Nie Aihua Zhang Changzhu Li zhihong Xiao State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource Hunan Academy of ForestryChangsha410004China Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Utilization Science for Southern Woody Oil Resource Hunan Academy of ForestryChangsha410004China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Oils and Fats Molecular Structure and Function Changsha410004China State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes College of ChemistryTiangong UniversityTianjin300387China College of Biomass Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China College of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan411105China

The C.oleifera oil processing industry generates large amounts of solid wastes,including C.oleifera shell(COS)and C.oleifera cake(COC).Distinct from generally acknowledged lignocellulosic biomass(corn stover,bamboo,birch,etc.),Camellia wastes contain diverse bioactive substances in addition to the abundant lignocellulosic components,and thus,the bioreﬁnery utilization of C.oleifera processing byproducts involves complicated processing technologies.This reviewﬁrst summarizes various technologies for extracting and converting the main components in C.oleifera oil processing byproducts into value-added chemicals and biobased materials,as well as their potential applications.Microwave,ultrasound,and Soxhlet extractions are compared for the extraction of functional bioactive components(tannin,ﬂavonoid,saponin,etc.),while solvothermal conversion and pyrolysis are discussed for the conversion of lignocellulosic components into value-added chemicals.The application areas of these chemicals according to their properties are introduced in detail,including utilizing antioxidant and anti-in-ﬂammatory properties of the bioactive substances for the speciﬁc application,as well as drop-in chemicals for the substitution of unrenewable fossil fuel-derived products.In addition to chemical production,biochar fabricated from COS and its applications in theﬁelds of adsorption,supercapacitor,soil remediation and wood composites are comprehensively reviewed and discussed.Finally,based on the compositions and structural characteristics of C.oleifera byproducts,the development of full-component valorization strategies and the expansion of the appli-cationﬁelds are proposed.

关键词： Camellia oleifera shell Camellia oleifera cake Value-added chemicals Bioactive components Biobased materials

ReLFA:Resist Link Flooding Attacks via Renyi Entropy and Deep Reinforcement Learning in SDN-IoT

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China Communications 2022年第7期19卷 157-171页

作者： Jiushuang Wang Ying Liu Weiting Zhang Xincheng Yan Na Zhou zhihong jiang School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China State Key Laboratory of Mobile Network and Mobile Multimedia Technology Shenzhen 518055China ZTE Corporation Nanjing 210012China

Link flooding attack(LFA)is a fresh distributed denial of service attack(DDoS).Attackers can cut off the critical links,making the services in the target area unavailable.LFA manipulates legal lowspeed flow to flood critical links,so traditional technologies are difficult to resist such attack.Meanwhile,LFA is also one of the most important threats to Internet of things(IoT)devices.The introduction of software defined network(SDN)effectively solves the security problem of the IoT.Aiming at the LFA in the software defined Internet of things(SDN-IoT),this paper proposes a new LFA mitigation scheme ReLFA.Renyi entropy is to locate the congested link in the data plane in our scheme,and determines the target links according to the alarm threshold.When LFA is detected on the target links,the control plane uses the method based on deep reinforcement learning(DRL)to carry out traffic engineering.Simulation results show that ReLFA can effectively alleviate the impact of LFA in SDN IoT.In addition,the rerouting time of ReLFA is superior to other latest schemes.

关键词： link flooding attacks renyi entropy deep reinforcement learning

Detection and Attribution of Changes in Summer Compound Hot and Dry Events over Northeastern China with CMIP6 Models

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2022年第1期36卷 37-48页

作者： Wei LI zhihong jiang Laurent ZXLI Jing-Jia LUO Panmao ZHAI Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Laboratory of Severe Weather Fujian Institute of Meteorological SciencesFuzhou 350001China Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueSorbonne UniversitéEcole Normale SupérieureEcole PolytechniqueParis 75252France State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

Northeastern China has experienced a significant increase in summer compound hot and dry events(CHDEs),posing a threat to local agricultural production and sustainable development.This study investigates the detectable anthropogenic signal in the long-term trend of CHDE and quantifies the contribution of different external forcings.A probability-based index(PI)is constructed through the joint probability distribution to measure the severity of CHDE,with lower values representing more severe cases.Response of CHDE to external forcing was assessed with simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6(CMIP6).The results show a significant increase in the severity of CHDE over northeastern China during the past decades.The trend of regional averaged PI is-0.28(90%confidence interval:-0.43 to-0.13)per 54 yr and it is well reproduced in the historical forcing simulations.The attribution method of optimal fingerprinting was firstly applied to a two-signal configuration with anthropogenic forcing and natural forcing;the anthropogenic impact was robustly detected and it explains most of the observed trend of PI.Similarly,three-signal analysis further demonstrated that the anthropogenic greenhouse gases dominantly contribute to the observed change,while the anthropogenic aerosol and natural forcing have almost no contribution to the observed changes.For a compound event concurrently exceeding the 95 th percentile of surface air temperature and precipitation reversal in the current period,its likelihood exhibits little change at 1.5℃global warming,but almost doubled at 2.0℃global warming.

关键词： compound hot and dry event(CHDE) detection and attribution northeastern China future projection

Advances in Space Robots

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Space(Science & Technology) 2022年第1期2022卷 83-84页

作者： zhihong jiang Jinguo Liu Yiwei Liu Hui Li Beijing Institute of Technology BeijingChina Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesChina Harbin Institute of Technology HarbinChina

1.Main Text Space robots are a type of specialized robots that assist and replace humans in conducting scientific experiments,external vehicular activities,space exploration,and other activities in space.Space robots are gradually changing traditional modes of space transportation,on-orbit construction,on-orbit maintenance,and planetary exploration.It is one of the important enabling means for future unmanned and manned space missions.The development of space robots presents the design,fabrication,and control challenges,as such devices will operate in space where the environment differs greatly from Earth.

关键词： replace specialized Earth

Unidirectional movement behavior of underwater bubbles on the wettability gradient mesh via asymmetrical bounce

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第8期 2606-2613页

作者： Yuzhen Ning zhihong Zhao Shuang Ben Qiang Li Cunming Yu Xudong Zhang Huawei Chen Kesong Liu Lei jiang School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang University Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology School of Chemistry Beihang University Research Institute of Aero-Engine Beihang University School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang Ligong University Tianmushan Laboratory The Analysis & Testing Center Beihang University

The impact of underwater bubbles on solid surfaces with a gradient wettability is important for fundamental science and technological applications. Despite progress in the translational motion of underwater bubbles on asymmetric surface, a fundamental dynamic understanding of asymmetrical bounce behavior of the underwater bubble needs to be further improved.Herein, we investigate asymmetrical bounce of underwater bubbles after impacting the wettability gradient copper mesh surface.Asymmetrical bounce of the underwater bubble on the wettability gradient mesh(WGM) surface is composed by asymmetrical spread in the spread process and asymmetrical recoil in the recoil process, which induce the unidirectional movement behavior.Additionally, effective bubble-size manipulation can be easily implemented due to different volumes of bubbles remaining at different locations of WGM surface. We envision that this work will provide a new understanding of asymmetrical bounce behavior of the underwater bubble on the wettability gradient surface, and propose a novel and feasible strategy for constructing the underwater bubble manipulation system.

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Additional risk in extreme precipitation in China from 1.5℃to 2.0℃global warming levels

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Science Bulletin 2018年第4期63卷 228-234页

作者： Wei Li zhihong jiang Xuebin Zhang Laurent Li Ying Sun Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisasterNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change.Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disaster Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044China Climate Research Division Environment and Climate Change CanadaTorontoOntario M3H 5T4Canada Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique CNRSSorbonne UniversitesUPMC Universite Paris 06ParisFrance National Climate Center Laboratory for Climate StudiesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeifing 100812China

To avoid dangerous climate change impact, the Paris Agreement sets out two ambitious goals: to limit the global warming to be well below 2 ℃ and to pursue effort for the global warming to be below 1.5 ℃ above the pre-industrial level. As climate change risks may be region-dependent, changes in magnitude and probability of extreme precipitation over China are investigated under those two global warming levels based on simulations from the Coupled Model Inter-Comparison Projects Phase 5. The focus is on the added changes due to the additional half a degree warming from 1.5 ℃ to 2 ℃ . Results show that regional average changes in the magnitude do not depend on the return periods with a relative increase around 7% and 11% at the 1.5 ℃ and 2 ℃ global warming levels, respectively. The additional half a degree global warming adds an additional increase in the magnitude by nearly 4%. The regional average changes in term of occurrence probabilities show dependence on the return periods, with rarer events(longer return periods) having larger increase of risk. For the 100-year historical event, the probability is projected to increase by a factor of 1.6 and 2.4 at the 1.5 ℃ and 2 ℃ global warming levels, respectively.The projected changes in extreme precipitation are independent of the RCP scenarios.

关键词：极端降水温暖风险中国气候变化地区性工业化模型基

Acupuncture for ischemic stroke:where are we now?

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Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine 2024年第1期4卷 36-55页

作者： Weiming Zhu Qingqing Jia Alberto Cantidio Ferreira Hailun jiang Jieying Zhang Boxuan Li Menglong Zhang Bifang Zhuo Yuanhao Lyu Junjie Chen Li Li Guang Tian Shizhe Deng zhihong Meng Xuemin Shi Graduate School Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina First Teaching Hospital Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion TianjinChina The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine JinanChina Taos Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Recife/PEBrazil

Acupuncture is an effective treatment for ischemic stroke(IS)and plays a key role in neurological rehabilitation after IS.Acupuncture can improve the clinical symptoms of various complications after IS,including motor dysfunction,swallowing disorders,speech disorders,cognitive impairment,depression,insomnia,and fatigue.However,the mechanisms underlying the effects of acupuncture in IS remain unclear.Available evidence suggests that acupuncture may exert neuroprotective effects through neuroplasticity(neurogenesis and synaptogenesis),angiogenesis,cell proliferation and apoptosis,and regulation of oxidative stress,inflammation,and immunity.Further studies should be conducted to improve the high-quality evidence-based system of acupuncture intervention for IS,by focusing on the clinical and basic research design,increasing the sample size,standardizing and quantifying the standards of acupuncture operations,using multidisciplinary techniques and methods to systematically explore the key targets of acupuncture intervention for IS,and reveal the efficacy and mechanism of acupuncture in the treatment of IS.

关键词： Acupuncture Curative effect Electroacupuncture Ischemic stroke Mechanism Review