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Transplantation of fibrin-thrombin encapsulated human induced neural stem cells promotes functional recovery of spinal cord injury rats through modulation of the microenvironment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 440-446页

作者： Sumei Liu Baoguo Liu Qian Li Tianqi Zheng Bochao Liu Mo Li zhiguo chen Cell Therapy Center Beijing Institute of GeriatricsXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseasesand Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative DiseasesMinistry of EducationBeijingChina Center of Neural Injury and Repair Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingChina Center of Parkinson’s Disease Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingChina

Recent studies have mostly focused on engraftment of cells at the lesioned spinal cord,with the expectation that differentiated neurons facilitate recovery.Only a few studies have attempted to use transplanted cells and/or biomaterials as major modulators of the spinal cord injury microenvironment.Here,we aimed to investigate the role of microenvironment modulation by cell graft on functional recovery after spinal cord injury.Induced neural stem cells reprogrammed from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells,and/or thrombin plus fibrinogen,were transplanted into the lesion site of an immunosuppressed rat spinal cord injury model.Basso,Beattie and Bresnahan score,electrophysiological function,and immunofluorescence/histological analyses showed that transplantation facilitates motor and electrophysiological function,reduces lesion volume,and promotes axonal neurofilament expression at the lesion core.Examination of the graft and niche components revealed that although the graft only survived for a relatively short period(up to 15 days),it still had a crucial impact on the microenvironment.Altogether,induced neural stem cells and human fibrin reduced the number of infiltrated immune cells,biased microglia towards a regenerative M2 phenotype,and changed the cytokine expression profile at the lesion site.Graft-induced changes of the microenvironment during the acute and subacute stages might have disrupted the inflammatory cascade chain reactions,which may have exerted a long-term impact on the functional recovery of spinal cord injury rats.

关键词： biomaterial fibrinogen functional recovery induced neural stem cell transplantation microenvironment microglia spinal cord injury thrombin

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VMCTE:Visualization-BasedMalware Classification Using Transfer and Ensemble Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 4445-4465页

作者： zhiguo chen Jiabing Cao Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics Ministry of EducationNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China

The Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)effect has made telecommuting and remote learning the norm.The growing number of Internet-connected devices provides cyber attackers with more attack vectors.The development of malware by criminals also incorporates a number of sophisticated obfuscation techniques,making it difficult to classify and detect malware using conventional approaches.Therefore,this paper proposes a novel visualization-based malware classification system using transfer and ensemble learning(VMCTE).VMCTE has a strong anti-interference ability.Even if malware uses obfuscation,fuzzing,encryption,and other techniques to evade detection,it can be accurately classified into its corresponding malware family.Unlike traditional dynamic and static analysis techniques,VMCTE does not require either reverse engineering or the aid of domain expert knowledge.The proposed classification system combines three strong deep convolutional neural networks(ResNet50,MobilenetV1,and MobilenetV2)as feature extractors,lessens the dimension of the extracted features using principal component analysis,and employs a support vector machine to establish the classification model.The semantic representations of malware images can be extracted using various convolutional neural network(CNN)architectures,obtaining higher-quality features than traditional methods.Integrating fine-tuned and non-fine-tuned classification models based on transfer learning can greatly enhance the capacity to classify various families ofmalware.The experimental findings on the Malimg dataset demonstrate that VMCTE can attain 99.64%,99.64%,99.66%,and 99.64%accuracy,F1-score,precision,and recall,respectively.

关键词： Malware classification ensemble learning visualization transfer learning

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Motor neuron replacement therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第8期17卷 1633-1639页

作者： Bochao Liu Mo Li Lingyan Zhang zhiguo chen Paul Lu Cell Therapy Center Beijing Institute of GeriatricsXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseasesand Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative DiseasesMinistry of EducationBeijingChina Center of Neural Injury and Repair Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingChina Center of Parkinson’s Disease Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingChina iXCells Biotechnologies USA Inc.San DiegoCAUSA Amogene Biotech XiamenFujian ProvinceChina Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System San DiegoCAUSA Department of Neurosciences University of California-San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a motor neuron degenerative disease that is also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease in the United States,Charcot’s disease in France,and motor neuron disease in the UK.The loss of motor neurons causes muscle wasting,paralysis,and eventually death,which is commonly related to respiratory failure,within 3-5 years after onset of the disease.Although there are a limited number of drugs approved for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,they have had little success at treating the associated symptoms,and they cannot reverse the course of motor neuron degeneration.Thus,there is still a lack of effective treatment for this debilitating neurodegenerative disorder.Stem cell therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a very attractive strategy for both basic and clinical researchers,particularly as transplanted stem cells and stem cell-derived neural progenitor/precursor cells can protect endogenous motor neurons and directly replace the lost or dying motor neurons.Stem cell therapies may also be able to re-establish the motor control of voluntary muscles.Here,we review the recent progress in the use of neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.We focus on MN progenitor cells derived from fetal central nervous system tissue,embryonic stem cells,and induced pluripotent stem cells.In our recent studies,we found that transplanted human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived motor neuron progenitors survive well,differentiate into motor neurons,and extend axons into the host white matter,not only in the rostrocaudal direction,but also along motor axon tracts towards the ventral roots in the immunodeficient rat spinal cord.Furthermore,the significant motor axonal extension after neural progenitor cell transplantation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis models demonstrates that motor neuron replacement therapy could be a promising therapeutic strategy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,particularly as a variety of stem cell derivatives,including induced plur

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis motor neuron replacement neural progenitor cells neural stem cells stem cells

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Global video object segmentation with spatial constraint module

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Computational Visual Media 2023年第2期9卷 385-400页

作者： Yadang chen Duolin Wang zhiguo chen Zhi-Xin Yang Enhua Wu Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics Ministry of EducationSchool of Computer and SoftwareNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Electromechanical EngineeringUniversity of MacaoMacao 999078China State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of SoftwareUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Faculty of Science and Technology University of MacaoMacao 999078China

We present a lightweight and efficient semisupervised video object segmentation network based on the space-time memory framework.To some extent,our method solves the two difficulties encountered in traditional video object segmentation:one is that the single frame calculation time is too long,and the other is that the current frame’s segmentation should use more information from past frames.The algorithm uses a global context(GC)module to achieve highperformance,real-time segmentation.The GC module can effectively integrate multi-frame image information without increased memory and can process each frame in real time.Moreover,the prediction mask of the previous frame is helpful for the segmentation of the current frame,so we input it into a spatial constraint module(SCM),which constrains the areas of segments in the current frame.The SCM effectively alleviates mismatching of similar targets yet consumes few additional resources.We added a refinement module to the decoder to improve boundary segmentation.Our model achieves state-of-the-art results on various datasets,scoring 80.1%on YouTube-VOS 2018 and a J&F score of 78.0%on DAVIS 2017,while taking 0.05 s per frame on the DAVIS 2016 validation dataset.

关键词： video object segmentation semantic segmentation global context(GC)module spatial constraint

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“颠倒”的辩证法:重新理解马克思对黑格尔的超越

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南京社会科学 2024年第4期 28-35页

作者：陈治国山西大学马克思主义哲学研究所太原030006

马克思对黑格尔哲学的“颠倒”与超越不是一次性完成的,而是经过了长期的、全面的反思与批判。从总体上来看,马克思对黑格尔哲学的批判与超越,经历了哲学立场的“主谓颠倒”即倒转了黑格尔的唯心主义立场;市民社会思维方式的“改造”即... 详细信息

马克思对黑格尔哲学的“颠倒”与超越不是一次性完成的,而是经过了长期的、全面的反思与批判。从总体上来看,马克思对黑格尔哲学的批判与超越,经历了哲学立场的“主谓颠倒”即倒转了黑格尔的唯心主义立场;市民社会思维方式的“改造”即拨正了黑格尔关于经济学范畴与现实的关系;现实社会结构的“翻转”即颠倒了黑格尔资本逻辑背后“颠倒”的世界结构等三个阶段。经过哲学立场、经济学方法与资本逻辑结构的“颠倒性”批判,马克思最终实现了对黑格尔哲学的彻底超越。这种不断超越的过程,既是马克思不断深入理解黑格尔哲学思想内在价值与局限的过程,也是马克思哲学思想不断走向科学与成熟的过程。

关键词：颠倒哲学立场市民社会资本逻辑

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Passive-Event-Assisted Approach for the Localizability of Large-Scale Randomly Deployed Wireless Sensor Network

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2019年第2期24卷 134-146页

作者： zhiguo chen Guifa Teng Xiaolei Zhou Tao chen Collegeof Information Science and Technology Agricultural University of Hebei Nanjing Telecommunication Technology Research Institute National University of Defense Technology Science and Technology on Information Systems Engineering Laboratory National University of Defense Technology

Localizability in large-scale, randomly deployed Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) is a classic but challenging issue. To become localizable, WSNs normally require extensive adjustments or additional mobile nodes. To address this issue, we utilize occasional passive events to ease the burden of localization-oriented network adjustment. We prove the sufficient condition for node and network localizability and design corresponding algorithms to minimize the number of nodes for adjustment. The upper bound of the number of adjusted nodes is limited to the number of articulation nodes in a connected graph. The results of extensive simulations show that our approach greatly reduces the cost required for network adjustment and can thus provide better support for the localization of large-scale sparse networks than other approaches.

关键词： network localizability random deployment Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) passive event

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Effect of Small Addition of Sc on the Microstructural Evolution in Al-15Ag Alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2005年第5期21卷 630-634页

作者： zhiguo chen Ziqiao ZHENG Simon P.Ringer School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha 410083 China Australian Key Centre for Microscopy & Microanalysis The University of Sydney 2006 NSW Australia

The effect of small addition of Sc on the microstructural evolution in Al-15Ag alloy was investigated by Monte Carlo simulation and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. Monte Carlo simulation results indicate that Ag clustering is suppressed by the addition of Sc during the initial ageing stage, and there is a little chemical repulsion between Ag atoms and Sc atoms. TEM observations show that the morphology of γ′ precipitation can be modified by the small addition of Sc, which does result in a refinement of γ′ precipitates in Al-15Ag-0.2Sc. The mechanism by which trace Sc affect the microstructure is to reduce the ledge density of γ′precipitates.

关键词： Aluminium alloys Ageing Microstructure Scandium

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亚里士多德伦理学中的辩证法

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安徽大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2024年第2期48卷 36-44页

作者：孙亚杰陈治国山东大学马克思主义学院山东大学哲学与社会发展学院暨现象学与中国文化研究中心山东济南250100

辩证法素来被看作亚里士多德哲学探究的主导性方法,并且,伦理学是这种方法最为明确而成功的运用领域。不过,在新近研究中,部分学者对这种传统解释,尤其是辩证法构成了亚里士多德伦理学探究的主导性方法这一重要观点提出了一些质疑和挑... 详细信息

辩证法素来被看作亚里士多德哲学探究的主导性方法,并且,伦理学是这种方法最为明确而成功的运用领域。不过,在新近研究中,部分学者对这种传统解释,尤其是辩证法构成了亚里士多德伦理学探究的主导性方法这一重要观点提出了一些质疑和挑战。然而,这些挑战及其根据是站不住脚的。理由在于,亚里士多德《论题篇》中的辩证法包含立论和驳论两条路径;从具体程序上看,《尼各马可伦理学》第七卷所阐述并运用的“拯救现象法”正是辩证法驳论路径的表达,而在《尼各马可伦理学》和《欧德谟伦理学》两次对伦理学核心主题即幸福定义的探究中,辩证法的立论路径则更多地得到了明确运用。同时,《论题篇》以及《辩谬篇》对辩证法提出的诸种其他相关要求,如从人们熟悉的事物出发建构命题、引用事实作为证据和说明等,也都在亚里士多德伦理学作品中得到回应和贯彻。因此,辩证法无可怀疑地构成亚里士多德伦理学主导性的探究方法,亦即,不仅伦理学领域的探究实践与他创造性建立的方法理论相一致,而且与这些方法相关的理论和实践也鼓舞一种自觉的原创性精神和意识。

关键词：亚里士多德辩证法立论驳论拯救现象法伦理学

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经口内镜食管下括约肌切开术气体相关并发症的危险因素分析及预测模型建立

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中华消化内镜杂志 2024年第4期41卷 297-303页

作者：杨佳陈志国王梓义孟祥勇陈静陈磊陆军军医大学第一附属医院消化内科重庆400038

目的:分析贲门失弛缓症(achalasia,AC)患者行经口内镜食管下括约肌切开术(peroral endoscopic myotomy,POEM)过程中出现气体相关并发症的危险因素,构建POEM气体相关并发症列线图预测模型。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2022年12月于陆军... 详细信息

目的:分析贲门失弛缓症(achalasia,AC)患者行经口内镜食管下括约肌切开术(peroral endoscopic myotomy,POEM)过程中出现气体相关并发症的危险因素,构建POEM气体相关并发症列线图预测模型。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2022年12月于陆军军医大学第一附属医院行POEM的AC患者的临床资料。将纳入病例随机分为建模组(146例)和验证组(37例)。基于建模组单因素与多因素分析筛选出气体相关并发症的危险因素,建立列线图预测模型。结果:在183例接受POEM的AC患者中,有91例(49.73%)出现气体相关并发症。单因素分析中肌切开长度、Eckardt评分、手术时间、高血压、肌层切开方式、既往史、血清肌酐、血小板和血清尿素氮为出现气体相关并发症的影响因素(P2 h(OR=2.03,95%CI:1.06~3.87,P=0.032)、肌切开长度>10 cm(OR=7.55,95%CI:3.09~18.45,P<0.001)、肌层切开方式为全层切开(OR=4.61,95%CI:1.50~14.20,P=0.008)、Eckardt评分为2或3级(OR=6.14,95%CI:2.73~13.80,P<0.001)、高血压(OR=22.69,95%CI:2.71~189.74,P=0.004)、既往行手术治疗(OR=5.27,95%CI:1.57~17.66,P=0.007)和血清尿素氮升高(OR=1.21,95%CI:1.01~1.45,P=0.036)为POEM出现气体相关并发症的独立危险因素。将以上独立危险因素纳入建立预测模型,模型在建模组和验证组的受试者工作特征曲线下面积分别为0.833和0.912。校准曲线、临床决策曲线、Hosmer-Lemeshow检验结果显示该模型具有良好的预测能力。结论:利用手术时间、肌切开长度、肌层切开方式、高血压、既往史、Eckardt评分和血清尿素氮构建的模型在预测行POEM出现气体相关并发症方面具有良好的预测能力,可指导临床。

关键词：括约肌切开术内窥镜贲门失弛缓症经口内镜食管下括约肌切开术气体相关并发症预测模型

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Accelerated generation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells by forced expression of Sox10 and Olig2

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2016年第11期59卷 1131-1138页

作者： Pengyan Li Mo Li Xihe Tang Shuyan Wang Y.Alex Zhang zhiguo chen Cell Therapy Center Beijing Institute of Geriatrics Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University and Key Laboratory of NeurodegenerationMinistry of Education Center of Neural Injury and Repair Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Center of Parkinson's Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders

Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells(OPCs) hold great promise for treatment of dysmyelinating disorders, such as multiple sclerosis and cerebral palsy. Recent studies on generation of human OPCs mainly use human embryonic stem cells(hESCs) or neural stem cells(NSCs) as starter cell sources for the differentiation process. However, NSCs are restricted in availability and the present method for generation of oligodendrocytes(OLs) from ESCs often requires a lengthy period of time. Here, we demonstrated a protocol to efficiently derive OPCs from human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs) by forced expression of two transcription factors(2TFs), Sox10 and Olig2. With this method, PDGFRα+ OPCs can be obtained in 14 days and O4^+ OPCs in 56 days.Furthermore, OPCs may be able to differentiate to mature OLs that could ensheath axons when co-cultured with rat cortical neurons. The results have implications in the development of autologous cell therapies.

关键词： oligodendrocyte progenitors iPSC differentiation demyelination

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