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Recent advances in Fe-N-C-and Co-N-C-based materials as bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1137-1160页

作者： Hui-Min Xu Hong-Rui Zhu Chen-Jin Huang zhi-Jie Zhang Ting-Yu Shuai Qi-Ni Zhan gao-Ren Li College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Fe-nitrogen-carbon(Fe-N-C)-and Co-nitrogen-carbon(Co-N-C)-based electrocatalysts have been widely concerned because of their high OER/ORR activity,low metal cost,and simple *** exploration of Fe-N-C and Co-N-C single atombased catalysts with high activity and stability to overcome the slow kinetics of oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions is also the key to the development of efficient electrolytic water,fuel cells,and rechargeable metal-air ***-N-C and Co-N-C single atom-based electrocatalysts have the advantages of a high utilization rate of metal atoms and high electrocatalytic activity,and are ideal catalysts for promoting electrochemical energy conversion and *** general principles of designing Fe-N-C and Co-N-C single atom-based electrocatalysts are reviewed in this ***,the strategies to improve the bifunctional catalytic activity and stability are ***,the challenges and prospects of Fe-N-C and Co-N-C single atom-based catalysts are well *** review will provide a reference for the directed optimization of Fe-N-C and Co-N-C single atom-based catalysts.

关键词： Fe-N-C Co-N-C single atom bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts

Anomalous photovoltaic effect in Na_(0.5)Bi_(0.5)TiO_(3)-based ferroelectric ceramics based on domain engineering

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第5期10卷 975-983页

作者： Xinxiang Yang xing gao Shan Zhang Jun Zhao Xinlei Zhang Xin Song Chunxiao Lu Yong Li Liwen Zhang Xihong Hao Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Ferroelectric-Related New Energy Materials and Devices School of Materials and MetallurgyInner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou014010China

The anomalous photovoltaic(APV)effect is promising for high-performance ferroelectric materials and devices in photoelectric ***,it is a challenge how to tune the APV effect by utilizing the characteristic structure of ***,a domain engineering strategy is proposed to enhance the APV effect in lead-free 0.88(Na_(0.5)Bi_(0.5)TiO_(3))-0.12(Ba_(1–1.5x)S_(mx)TiO_(3))(NBT-BST)ferroelectric *** tuning the domain size based on Sm^(3+)doping,a maximum open-circuit voltage(VOC)of 18.1 V is obtained when Sm^(3+)content is 0.75%,which is much larger than its bandgap(Eg).The mechanism of this large VOC originates from the multiple positive effects induced by the small-size domain,where decreasing domain size enhances ferroelectric polarization and net interface barrier potential,leading to a large driving electric ***,the APV effect exhibits a giant temperature sensitivity due to the dramatic evolution of small-size domain in the temperature *** work sheds light on the exploration of ferroelectrics with APV effect and inspires their future high-performance optoelectronic device applications.

关键词： Anomalous photovoltaic effect Ferroelectric Domain NBT-BST ceramics Polarization

Top-quark rare decays with flavor violation

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第9期48卷 68-81页

作者： Ming-Yue Liu Shu-Min Zhao Song gao xing-Yu Han Tai-Fu Feng Department of Physics Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002China Hebei Key Laboratory of High-precision Computation and Application of Quantum Field Theory Baoding 071002China Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline for Computational Physics Baoding 071002China Department of Physics Chongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China

In the present study,we investigated the decays of the top quark:t→cy,t→cg,t→cZ,and t→*** are extremely rare processes in the standard model(SM).As the U(1)extension of the minimal supersymmetric standard model(MSSM),the U(1)_X SSM features new superfields such as the right-handed neutrinos and three Higgs *** analyzed the effects of different sensitive parameters on the results and made reasonable theoretical predictions,thereby providing a useful reference for future experimental *** the constraint set by the updated experimental data,the numerical results show that the branching ratios of the four proccsscs,i.e.,t→cγ,cg,cZ,ch,can reach the same order of magnitude as their experimental upper *** them,tanβhas the most evident effect on these processes and is the main parameter;g_(X),g_(YX),μ,M_(2),λ_(H),M_(U23)^(2),and M_(Q23)^(2) are also important parameters for the processes,and have effects on the numerical results.

关键词： Top quark flavor violation U(1)_(X)SSM new physics

Multi-objective optimization of three mechanical properties of Mg alloys through machine learning

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Materials Genome Engineering Advances 2024年第3期2卷 83-95页

作者： Wei Gou Zhang-zhi Shi Yuman Zhu Xin-Fu Gu Fu-zhi Dai xing-Yu gao Lu-Ning Wang State Key Laboratory for Advance Metals and Materials Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome EngineeringSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina Institute of Materials Intelligent Technology Liaoning Academy of MaterialsShenyangChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia Institute of Microelectronics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Conventional trial-and-error method is usually time-consuming and expensive for multi-objective optimization of Mg *** machine learning exhibits great potential to accelerate related research studies,machine learning prediction of properties of Mg alloys is often a prediction of a single target at a *** address this,this paper integrates non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm III multiobjective optimization algorithm with light gradient boosting machine algorithm to simultaneously optimize yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,and elongation of Mg *** is the first time that simultaneous machine learning optimization of these three objectives has been achieved for Mg alloys.

关键词： alloy design machine learning Mg alloys multi-objective optimization

Spectral observation of symmetry-protected selection rules for dynamical high-dimensional parity in alignment magnetic resonance

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第10期67卷 1-11页

作者： Xu-xing Geng Kai Jin Lu Zhou Wang-Wang Tang Guoqing Yang Shangqing Liang Shao-Ping Wu Guang-Ming Huang gao-Xiang Li Department of Physics Huazhong Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China College of Electronics and Information Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy School of Physics and Electronic ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

Multidimensional Floquet-driven alignment systems with dynamical symmetry present various exotic phenomena and ***,there are challenges in directly characterizing large-spin dynamical symmetry from ***,we first observe the symmetry-protected selection rules of dynamical high-dimensional parity in a large-spin(F=4)*** theoretically construct a Floquet-driven alignment system that can be used to reveal high-dimensional spatiotemporal *** the experiment,the system is implemented in Cs atomic gas subjected to two-dimensional Floquet-modulated magnetic resonance *** developing Floquet detection protocols of alignment double-sided spectra,we directly verify symmetry-protected selection rules of dynamical high-dimensional parity for large-spin *** work advances the exploration of dynamical symmetry to large spins,and unravels a universal Floquet scheme for the investigation of symmetry-protected selection rules.

关键词： dynamical high-dimensional symmetry symmetry-protected selection rules large-spin alignment magnetic resonance,Floquet two-mode detection

Activatable fluorescent probes for imaging and diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 287-307页

作者： Pan Luo Fu-Qiang gao Wei Sun Jun-You Li Cheng Wang Qing-Yu Zhang zhi-Zhuo Li Peng Xu Department of Joint Surgery Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710054China Department of Orthopedics China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Perelman School of Medicine University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA School of Mechanical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419South Korea Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Peking University Third HospitalPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Orthopedics Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinan 250021China State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive SurgeryDepartment of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospitalthe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing 210008China

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease that is primarily manifested as synovitis and polyarticular opacity and typically leads to serious joint damage and irreversible disability,thus adversely affecting locomotion ability and life ***,good prognosis heavily relies on the early diagnosis and effective therapeutic monitoring of *** fluorescent probes play vital roles in the detection and imaging of biomarkers for disease diagnosis and in vivo ***,we review the fluorescent probes developed for the detection and imaging of RA biomarkers,namely reactive oxygen/nitrogen species(hypochlorous acid,peroxynitrite,hydroxyl radical,nitroxyl),pH,and cysteine,and address the related challenges and prospects to inspire the design of novel fluorescent probes and the improvement of their performance in RA studies.

关键词： Rheumatoid arthritis Fluorescent probe Imaging Diagnosis Biomarker

Epidemiology of congenital diaphragmatic hernia among 24 million Chinese births:a hospital-based surveillance study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第7期20卷 712-722页

作者： zhi-Yu Chen Jing Tao Wen-Li Xu Yu-Yang gao Wen-Yan Li Zhen Liu Jia-Yuan Zhou Li Dai National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityNo.17 Section 3 RenminnanluChengdu 610041China The Joint Laboratory for Pulmonary Development and Related Diseases West China Institute of Women and Children’s HealthWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Ministry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengduChina NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobology Sichuan UniversityChengduChina Med‑X Center for Informatics Sichuan UniversityChengduChina

Background The prevalence of congenital diaphragmatic hernia(CDH)varies across countries,with limited information available on its epidemiology in *** study aimed to investigate the prevalence,time trends,and perinatal outcomes of CDH in China,as well as its associated malformations and potential associations with maternal and infant *** This study included all birth and CDH cases from the Chinese Birth Defects Monitoring Network between 2007 and 2019,with CDH cases classified as either isolated or *** employed the joinpoint regression model to calculate the trends of prevalence and the annual percent change,with Poisson regression used for adjusted prevalence rate ratios.A P value≤0.05 was considered statistically *** A total of 4397 CDH cases were identified among 24,158,029 births in the study period,yielding prevalence rates of 1.82,1.13 and 0.69 per 10,000 for overall,isolated,and associated CDH,*** prevalence of each type of CDH increased over *** prevalence of overall CDH varied significantly by infant sex(male ***,1.91/10,000 vs.1.63/10,000),maternal residence(urban ***,2.13/10,000 vs.1.45/10,000),maternal age(<20 years,1.31/10,000;20-24 years,1.63/10,000;25-29 years,1.80/10,000;30-34 years,1.87/10,000;≥35 years,2.22/10,000),and geographic region(central,1.64/10,000;east,2.45/10,000;west,1.37/10,000).Cardiovascular anomalies were the most common malformations associated with *** with associated CDH had a higher risk of premature birth and perinatal death than those with isolated *** The increasing prevalence and high perinatal mortality rate of CDH highlight the need for further etiological,epidemiological,and clinical studies among the Chinese population.

关键词： China Congenital diaphragmatic hernia Epidemiology Prevalence

Thiazoloisoindigo-based Polymer Semiconductors: Synthesis,Structure-Property Relationship, Charge Carrier Polarity, and Field-Effect Transistor Performance

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第1期42卷 24-31,I0006页

作者： Bo-Wen Li Miao Xiong Mei-Hua Liu zhi-gao Li Long Sang Zi-Han Xiong Biao Xiao Jian Pei Xiao-Bo Wan Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices Ministry of EducationSchoolofOptoelectronic Materials&TechnologyJianghan UniversityWuhan430056China Bejing National Laboratoryfor Molecular Sciences the Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Developing new polymeric semiconductors with excellent device performance is essential for organic electronics. Herein, we synthesized two new thiazoloisoindigo(Tz II)-based polymers, namely, P(Tz II-d Th-d Th) and P(Tz II-d Th-d Tz), by copolymerizing thiophene-flanked Tz II with bithiophene and bithiazole, respectively. Owing to the more electron-deficient nature of bithiazole than bithiophene, P(Tz II-d Th-d Tz)possesses deeper LUMO/HOMO levels of-3.45/-5.47 e V than P(Tz II-d Th-d Th)(-3.34/-5.32 e V). The organic field-effect transistor(OFET) devices based on P(Tz II-d Th-d Th) exhibited p-type behaviors with an average hole mobility value as high as 1.43 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1), while P(Tz II-d Th-d Tz)showed typical ambipolar characteristics with average hole and electron mobilities of 0.38 and 0.56 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1). In addition, we compared the performances of both polymers with other Tz II-based polymers reported in our previous work, and showed that the charge carrier polarity can be manipulated by adjusting the number of the thiophene units between the acceptor unit. As the increase of the number of thiophene rings,charge carrier polarity shifts from electron-dominated ambipolar transport to hole-dominated ambipolar transport and then to unipolar hole transport in OFETs, which provides an effective molecular design strategy for further optimization of polymer OFET performance.

关键词： Field-effect transistor Charge carrier polarity Thiazoloisoindigo

Asymmetric side-chain engineering of organic semiconductor for ultrasensitive gas sensing

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 428-433页

作者： Xiaoying Ma Xiaojuan Dai Lanyi Xiang Jiajun Chang Danfeng zhi Haozhen Zhao Zhenjie Ni Ye Zou Xike gao Fengjiao Zhang School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Binzhou Institute of Technology Binzhou 256606China

Molecular structure of organic semiconductor plays a critical role in determining the performance and functionality of organic electronic devices,by optimizing the electrical,optical and physicochemical *** alkyl chains are fundamental units in tailering the solubility and assemblability,among which the asymmetric properties have been reported as key element for controlling the packing motifs and intrinsic charge ***,we expanded the scope of molecular asymmetry dependent sensing features based on a new series of naphthalene diimides(NDI)-based derivatives substituted with a same branching alkyl chain but various linear-shaped alkyl chains(Cn-).A clear molecular stacking change,from head-to-head bilayer to head-to-tail monolayer packing model,is observed based on the features of anisotropic molecular interactions with the change in the chain *** importantly,a unique LUMO level shift of 0.17 eV is validated for NDI-PhC4,providing a record sensitivity up to 150%to 0.01 ppb ammonia,due to the desired molecular reactivity and device amplification *** results indicate that asymmetric side-chain engineering opens a route for breath healthcare.

关键词： Organic thin film transistor Asymmetric side chain Gas sensing Molecular stacking Energy level manipulating