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Online hierarchical recognition method for target tactical intention in beyond-visual-range air combat

Defence Technology（防务技术） 2022年第8期18卷 1349-1361页

作者： Zhen Yang zhi-xiao sun Hai-yin Piao Ji-chuan Huang De-yun Zhou Zhang Ren School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an710072China The First Military Representative Office of the Air Force Equipment Department in Chengdu Chengdu610091China

Online accurate recognition of target tactical intention in beyond-visual-range (BVR) air combat is an important basis for deep situational awareness and autonomous air combat decision-making, which can create pre-emptive tactical opportunities for the fighter to gain air superiority. The existing methods to solve this problem have some defects such as dependence on empirical knowledge, difficulty in interpreting the recognition results, and inability to meet the requirements of actual air combat. So an online hierarchical recognition method for target tactical intention in BVR air combat based on cascaded support vector machine (CSVM) is proposed in this study. Through the mechanism analysis of BVR air combat, the instantaneous and cumulative feature information of target trajectory and relative situation information are introduced successively using online automatic decomposition of target trajectory and hierarchical progression. Then the hierarchical recognition model from target maneuver element, tactical maneuver to tactical intention is constructed. The CSVM algorithm is designed for solving this model, and the computational complexity is decomposed by the cascaded structure to overcome the problems of convergence and timeliness when the dimensions and number of training samples are large. Meanwhile, the recognition result of each layer can be used to support the composition analysis and interpretation of target tactical intention. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively realize multi-dimensional online accurate recognition of target tactical intention in BVR air combat.

关键词： Beyond-visual-range(BVR)air combat Tactical intention recognition Hierarchical recognition model Cascaded support vector machine(CSVM) Trajectory decomposition Maneuver element

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Downregulation of miR-4772-3p promotes enhanced regulatory T cell capacity in malignant pleural effusion by elevating Helios levels

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第22期132卷 2705-2715页

作者： Wen-Qing Yu Ning-Fei Ji Cheng-Jing Gu zhi-xiao sun Zheng-Xia Wang Zhong-Qi Chen Yuan Ma Zhen-Zhen Wu Yan-Li Wang Chao-Jie Wu Ming-Dong Ding Gui-Hong Dai Juan Yao Rong-Rong Jin Mao Huang Ming-Shun Zhang Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China Department of Infectious Diseases Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong UniversityTaizhouJiangsu 225300China Department of Pharmacy Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong UniversityTaizhouJiangsu 225300China Department of Pathology Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong UniversityTaizhouJiangsu 225300China Department of Oncology Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong UniversityTaizhouJiangsu 225300China Department of Immunology Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China

Background:Malignant pleural effusion(MPE)is a complicated condition of patients with advanced tumors.Further dissecting the microenvironment of infiltrated immune cells and malignant cells are warranted to understand the immune-evasion mechanisms of tumor development and progression.Methods:The possible involvement of microRNAs(miRNAs)in malignant pleural fluid was investigated using small RNA sequencing.Regulatory T cell(Treg)markers(CD4,CD25,forkhead box P3),and Helios(also known as IKAROS Family Zinc Finger 2[IKZF2])were detected using flow cytometry.The expression levels of IKZF2 and miR-4772-3p were measured using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.The interaction between miR-4772-3p and Helios was determined using dual-luciferase reporter assays.The effects of miR-4772-3p on Helios expression were evaluated using an in vitro system.Correlation assays between miR-4772-3p and functional molecules of Tregs were performed.Results:Compared with non-malignant controls,patients with non-small cell lung cancer had an increased Tregs frequency with Helios expression in the MPE and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.The verified downregulation of miR-4772-3p was inversely related to the Helios*Tregs frequency and Helios expression in the MPE.Overexpression of miR-4772-3p could inhib让Helios expression in in vitro experiments.However,ectopic expression of Helios in induced Tregs reversed the effects induced by miR-4772-3p overexpression.Additionally,miR-4772-3p could regulate Helios expression by directly targeting IKZF2 mRNA.Conclusion:Downregulation of miR-4772-3p,by targeting Helios,contributes to enhanced Tregs activities in the MPE microenvironment.

关键词： Helios IKAROS family zinc finger 2 Lung cancer Malignant pleural effusion MiR-4772-3p Regulatory T cells

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How incubation temperature affects hatchling performance in reptiles: an integrative insight based on plasticity in metabolic enzyme

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 195-203页

作者： Dan-Yang Wu Xing-zhi Han Teng Li Bao-Jun sun xiao-Yan Qin College of Life and Environment Sciences Minzu University of ChinaBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservational Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10011China College of Wildlife and Protected Area Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Evaluating the effects of temperature variations on animals plays an important role in understanding the threat of climate warming.The effects of developmental temperature on offspring performance are critical in evaluating the effects of warming temperatures on the fitness of ovipa-rous species,but the physiological and biochemical basis of this developmental plasticity is largely unknown.In this study,we incubated eggs of the turtle Pelodiscus sinensis at low(24℃),medium(28℃),and high(32℃)temperatures,and evaluated the effects of developmental temperature on offspring fitness,and metabolic enzymes in the neck and limb muscles of hatchlings.The hatchlings from eggs incubated at the medium temperature showed better fitness-related performance(righting response and swimming capacity)and higher activities of metabolic enzymes(hexokinase,HK;lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)than hatchlings from the eggs incubated at high or low temperatures.In addition,the swimming speed and righting response were significantly correlated with the HK activities in limb(swimming speed)and neck(righting response)muscles,suggesting that the developmental plasticity of energy metabolic pathway might play a role in determining the way incubation temperature affects offspring phenotypes.Integrating the fitness-related performance and the activities of metabolic enzymes,we predict that the P sinensis from high latitude would not face the detrimental effects of climate warming until the average nest temperatures reach 32℃.

关键词： developmental plasticity energetic metabolism enzyme activity hatchling turtle.

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Rational manipulation of electrolyte to induce homogeneous SEI on hard carbon anode for sodium-ion battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 414-429页

作者： Lu Liu Lingling xiao zhi sun Shahid Bashir Ramesh Kasi Yonghong Gu Ramesh Subramaniam Research Center for Clean Utilization Technology Phosphorous Resources Hubei Three Gorges PolytechnicYichang 443000HubeiChina Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia UM Power Energy Dedicated Advanced Centre(UMPEDAC) Level 4Wisma R&DUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 59990Malaysia Department of Chemistry Saveetha School of EngineeringInstitute of Medical and Technical ScienceSaveetha UniversityChennai 602105TamilnaduIndia

Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have great potential to be the next major energy storage devices due to their obvious advantages and developing advanced electrodes and electrolytes is urgently necessary to pro-mote its future industrialization.However,hard carbon as a state-of-the-art anode of SiBs still suffers from the low initial Coulomb efficiency and unsatisfactory rate capability,which could be improved by forming desirable solid electrolyte interphases(SEI)to some extent.Indeed,the chemistry and morphol-ogy of these interfacial layers are fundamental parameters affecting the overall battery operation,and optimizing the electrolyte to dictate the quality of SEI on hard carbon is a key strategy.Hence,this review summarizes the recent research on SEI design by electrolyte manipulation from solvents,salts,and addi-tives.It also presents some potential mechanisms of sEI formation in various electrolyte systems.Besides,the current advanced characterization techniques for electrolyte and SEl structure analyses have been comprehensively discussed.Lastly,current challenges and future perspectives of sEl formation on hard carbon anode for SIBs are provided from the viewpoints of its compositions,evolution processes,struc-tures,and characterization techniques,which will promote SEl efficient manipulation and improve the performance of hard carbon,and further contribute to the development of SIBs.

关键词： SEI Electrolyte optimization Hard carbon Electrochemical performance Sodium-ion batteries

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Changes in posterior corneal elevation after small incision lenticule extraction for different myopic diopters

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 491-498页

作者： xiao-Tong sun Yang Zhang xiao-Kun Mei Nan-Nan Zheng Ling-zhi Niu xiao-Li Qu Ai-Ping Song Jian Zhuo Department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityShandong Provincial Qianfoshan HospitalJinan 250014Shandong ProvinceChina

●AIM:To study the changes and effect factors of posterior corneal surface after small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)with different myopic diopters.●METHODS:Ninety eyes of 90 patients who underwent SMILE were included in this retrospective study.Patients were allocated into three groups based on the preoperative spherical equivalent(SE):low myopia(SE≥-3.00 D),moderate myopia(-3.00 D>SE>-6.00 D)and high myopia(SE≤-6.00 D).Posterior corneal surfaces were measured by a Scheimpflug camera preoperatively and different postoperative times(1wk,1,3,6mo,and 1y).Posterior mean elevation(PME)at 25 predetermined points of 3 concentric circles(2-,4-,and 6-mm diameter)above the best fit sphere was analyzed.●RESULTS:All surgeries were completed uneventfully and no ectasia was found through the observation.The difference of myopia group was significant at the 2-mm ring at 1 and 3mo postoperatively(1mo:P=0.017;3mo:P=0.018).The effect of time onΔPME was statistically significant(2-mm ring:P=0.001;4-mm ring:P<0.001;6-mm ring:P<0.001).The effect of different corneal locations onΔPME was significant except 1wk postoperatively(1mo:P=0.000;3mo:P=0.000;6mo:P=0.001;1y:P=0.001).Posterior corneal stability was linearly correlated with SE,central corneal thickness,ablation depth,residual bed thickness,percent ablation depth and percent stromal bed thickness.●CONCLUSION:The posterior corneal surface changes dynamically after SMILE.No protrusion is observed on the posterior corneal surface in patients with different degrees of myopia within one year after surgery.SMILE has good stability,accuracy,safety and predictability.

关键词： myopia posterior corneal elevation corneal ectasia small incision lenticule extraction

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Prediction of suitable water content in granulation of sintering mixture based on Litster's model

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第3期31卷 552-560页

作者： Fang-lei Dai xiao-hui Fan xiao-xian Huang Xu-ling Chen Min Gan zhi-yun Ji Zeng-qing sun School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina

Suitable water content plays a decisive role in the granulation of sintering mixtures.Herein,a method was proposed to predict the suitable water content for effective granulation on the basis of Litster's granulation model.The granulation effectiveness of a sintering mixture was predicted by the model,with the allowance error of±10%.The effects of the water absorption properties,particle size composition and content of adhesive particles on the suitable water content were studied.The results showed that the allowable error of prediction was within±0.5%compared to the experimentally determined suitable water content.With an increase in adhesive powder content of mixtures with higher water absorption,the suitable water content increased to achieve similar granulation effectiveness.Moreover,as the amount of concentrates increased,the suitable water content first increased and then remained steady.The influence of the water absorption characteristics of the adhesive particles on the suitable water content was less than that of their particle size composition in the mixture.

关键词： Adhesive particle Sintering mixture Granulation effectiveness Suitable water content

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OsPDR20 is an ABCG metal transporter regulating cadmium accumulation in rice

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 21-34页

作者： He Li Chao Li Di sun zhi Min Yang Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology College of Life SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Cadmium(Cd)is a non-essential toxic heavy metal,seriously posing high environmental risks to human health.Digging genetic resources relevant to functional genes is important for understanding the metal absorption and accumulation in crops and bioremediation of Cd-polluted environments.This study investigated a functionally uncharacterized ATP binding cassette transporter G family(ABCG)gene encoding a Pleiotropic Drug Resistance 20(PDR20)type metal transporter which is localized to the plasma membrane of rice.OsPDR20 was transcriptionally expressed in almost all tissues and organs in lifespan and was strongly induced in roots and shoots of young rice under Cd stress.Ectopic expression of OsPDR20 in a yeast mutant ycf1 sensitive to Cd conferred cellular tolerance with less Cd accumulation.Knockdown of OsPDR20 by RNA interference(RNAi)moderately attenuated root/shoot elongation and biomass,with reduced chlorophylls in rice grown under hydroponic medium with 2 and 10μmol/L Cd,but led to more Cd accumulation.A field trial of rice grown in a realistic Cd-contaminated soil(0.40 mg/kg)showed that RNAi plants growth and development were also compromised compared to wild-type(WT),with smaller panicles and lower spikelet fertility but little effect on yield of grains.However,OsPDR20 suppression resulted in unexpectedly higher levels of Cd accumulation in rice straw including lower leaves and culm and grain.These results suggest that OsPDR20 is actively involved in Cd accumulation and homeostasis in rice crops.The increased Cd accumulation in the RNAi plants has the potential application in phytoremediation of Cd-polluted wetland soils.

关键词： Rice ABCG transporter Cadmium accumulation Phytoremediation

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Tetraethylenepentamine-functionalized magnetic mesoporous composites as a novel adsorbent for the removal Cr(III)-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in complex solution

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期68卷 16-26页

作者： zhi Hu Jiahong Wang Tongtong sun School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXi'an 710021China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization of Inorganic Materials Xi'an 710021China

A novel tetraethylenepentamine(TEPA)functionalized magnetic mesoporous silica adsorbent(FNMs/TEPA)was prepared for the adsorption of Cr(III)-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA)from wastewater.The characterization of the prepared adsorbent certified that TEPA was modified onto the magnetic mesoporous silicon(FNMs),while FNMs/TEPA maintained the ordered mesoporous and pristine magnetic properties.The batch adsorption experiments demonstrated that TEPA significantly enhanced the removal capacity of the adsorbent for Cr(III)-EDTA.FNMs/TEPA exhibited an excellent adsorption property(13.84 mg·g^(-1))at pH 4.0.Even in the presence of high concentrations of coexisting ions and organic acids,the adsorption performance of FNMs/TEPA was stable.Experimental characterization and DFT demonstrated that the adsorption of Cr(III)-EDTA was ascribed to the electrostatic interaction,hydrogen bonding,and complexation between Cr(III)-EDTA and amino groups on the adsorbent surface.The analysis of the independent gradient model(IGM)shows that electrostatic interaction is the main mode of action in the adsorption process.Moreover,FNMs/TEPA demonstrated remarkable reusability in three regeneration cycles.These findings indicated that FNMs/TEPA possessed excellent application prospects in the disposal of wastewater containing Cr(III)-EDTA.

关键词： TEPA functionalized magnetic mesoporous silicon Adsorption Cr(III)-EDTA Density functional theory calculations

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Weavable thermoelectrics: advances, controversies, and future developments

Materials Futures

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Materials Futures 2024年第1期3卷 63-94页

作者： xiao-Lei Shi Shuai sun Ting Wu Jian Tu zhiming Zhou Qingfeng Liu zhi-Gang Chen School of Chemistry and Physics ARC Research Hub in Zero-emission Power Generation for Carbon Neutralityand Centre for Materials ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4000Australia State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211800People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing University of TechnologyChongqing 400054People’s Republic of China

Owing to the capability of the conversion between thermal energy and electrical energy and their advantages of light weight,compactness,noise-free operation,and precision reliability,wearable thermoelectrics show great potential for diverse applications.Among them,weavable thermoelectrics,a subclass with inherent flexibility,wearability,and operability,find utility in harnessing waste heat from irregular heat sources.Given the rapid advancements in this field,a timely review is essential to consolidate the progress and challenge.Here,we provide an overview of the state of weavable thermoelectric materials and devices in wearable smart textiles,encompassing mechanisms,materials,fabrications,device structures,and applications from recent advancements,challenges,and prospects.This review can serve as a valuable reference for researchers in the field of flexible wearable thermoelectric materials and devices and their applications.

关键词： thermoelectric weaving materials structure device

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Electrolyte Design for Low‑Temperature Li‑Metal Batteries:Challenges and Prospects

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第2期16卷 365-382页

作者： Siyu sun Kehan Wang Zhanglian Hong Mingjia zhi Kai Zhang Jijian Xu Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education)Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin)College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071People’s Republic of China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMD 20742USA

Electrolyte design holds the greatest opportunity for the development of batteries that are capable of sub-zero temperature operation.To get the most energy storage out of the battery at low temperatures,improvements in electrolyte chemistry need to be coupled with optimized electrode materials and tailored electrolyte/electrode interphases.Herein,this review critically outlines electrolytes’limiting factors,including reduced ionic conductivity,large de-solvation energy,sluggish charge transfer,and slow Li-ion transportation across the electrolyte/electrode interphases,which affect the low-temperature performance of Li-metal batteries.Detailed theoretical derivations that explain the explicit influence of temperature on battery performance are presented to deepen understanding.Emerging improvement strategies from the aspects of electrolyte design and electrolyte/electrode interphase engineering are summarized and rigorously compared.Perspectives on future research are proposed to guide the ongoing exploration for better low-temperature Li-metal batteries.

关键词： Solid electrolyte interphase Li metal Low temperature Electrolyte design Batteries

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