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Ethical concerns in aging research:perspectives of global frontline researchers

Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Yaojin Peng Lulu Ding zhenyu xiao Moshi Song Jianwei Lü Guanghui Liu Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of Sciences Aging Biomarker Consortium (ABC) School of Life Science Beijing Institute of Technology School of Life Sciences Xiamen University Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Aging Translational Medicine Center International Center for Aging and Cancer Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University

This study investigated the ethical landscape of aging research amid the increasing global focus on extending the human lifespan and health span. Our global survey of 180 researchers across 38 jurisdictions revealed divergent perceptions of aging, a consensus regarding the feasibility of delaying aging, and multiple perspectives regarding lifespan extension. The present findings underscore a paradigm shift toward inclusive and ethically sound research, emphasizing the need for an approach that strikes a balance between basic and clinical research. In addition, this study highlighted key ethical concerns in aging research, including the effects of misleading advertising, potential inequality in access to aging interventions, and risks pertaining to the extrapolation of research findings from lower-model organisms to humans. The insights presented in this paper call for an integrated approach for overcoming the complex ethical and societal challenges in aging research to ensure responsible and equitable advancements in this burgeoning field.

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Hierarchical Fe_(x)Bi_(2−x)S_(3) solid solutions for boosted supercapacitor performance

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3997-4005页

作者： Fengming Zhou xiaodong Wang Ruijie Jing xiaoyu Li Qi Zhang Zhenjiang Li Yunmei Du zhenyu xiao Lei Wang International Cooperation United Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China Technology Innovation Center of Battery Safety and Energy Storage Technology QingdaoInternational Science and Technology Cooperation Base of QingdaoCollege of Environment and Safety EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China

For the pursuit of high energy supercapacitors,the development of high performance pseudocapacitance or battery-type negative electrode material is urgently needed to make up for the capacity shortage of commercial electric double layer capacitor(EDLC)type materials.Herein,a porous and defect-rich Fe_(x)Bi_(2-x)S_(3) solid solution structure is firstly constructed by employing Fe-doped Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3) porous nanosheets as a precursor,which presents dramatically increased energy storage performance than Bi_(2)S_(3) and FeS_(2) phase.For the optimized Fe_(x)Bi_(2-x)S_(3) solid solution(FeBiS-60%),the Fe solute is free and random dispersed in Bi_(2)S_(3) framework,which can effectively modulate the electronic structure of Bi element and introduce rich-defect due to the existence of Fe(II).Meanwhile,the FeBiS-60%,constructed by pore nanosheets that are assembled by self-supported basic nanorod units,presents rich mesoporous channels for fast mass transfer and abundant active sites for promoting capacity performance.Therefore,a high capacitance of 832.8 F·g^(-1) at a current density of 1 A·g^(-1) is achieved by the FeBiS-60%electrode.Furthermore,a fabricated Ni3S_(2)@Co_(3)S_(4)(NCS)//FeBiS-60%hybrid supercapacitor device delivers an outstanding energy density of 85.33 Wh·kg^(-1) at the power density of 0.799 kW·kg^(-1),and ultra-long lifespan of remaining 86.7%initial capacitance after 8700 cycles.

关键词： supercapacitor solid solutions defect structure hierarchical structure Bi_(2)S_(3)

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Service Function Chain Migration in LEO Satellite Networks

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China Communications 2024年第3期21卷 247-259页

作者： Geng Yuhui Wang Niwei Chen Xi Xu xiaofan Zhou Changsheng Yang Junyi xiao zhenyu Cao Xianbin School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Near Space Information System Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of ChinaBeijing 100191China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Satellite Network Shanghai 201204China Shanghai Satellite Network Research Institute Co. Ltd.Shanghai 201204China

With the advancements of software defined network(SDN)and network function virtualization(NFV),service function chain(SFC)placement becomes a crucial enabler for flexible resource scheduling in low earth orbit(LEO)satellite networks.While due to the scarcity of bandwidth resources and dynamic topology of LEO satellites,the static SFC placement schemes may cause performance degradation,resource waste and even service failure.In this paper,we consider migration and establish an online migration model,especially considering the dynamic topology.Given the scarcity of bandwidth resources,the model aims to maximize the total number of accepted SFCs while incurring as little bandwidth cost of SFC transmission and migration as possible.Due to its NP-hardness,we propose a heuristic minimized dynamic SFC migration(MDSM)algorithm that only triggers the migration procedure when new SFCs are rejected.Simulation results demonstrate that MDSM achieves a performance close to the upper bound with lower complexity.

关键词： network function virtualization(NFV) resource allocation satellite networks service function chain(SFC) SFC migration SFC placement soft-ware defined network(SDN)

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Space/Air Covert Communications:Potentials,Scenarios,and Key Technologies

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China Communications 2024年第3期21卷 1-18页

作者： Mao Haobin Liu Yanming Zhu Lipeng Mao Tianqi xiao zhenyu Zhang Rui Han Zhu Xia Xianggen School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Datathe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong 518172China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of HoustonHoustonTX 77004USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee UniversitySeoulSouth Korea446-701 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of DelawareNewarkDE 19716USA

Space/air communications have been envisioned as an essential part of the next-generation mobile communication networks for providing highquality global connectivity. However, the inherent broadcasting nature of wireless propagation environment and the broad coverage pose severe threats to the protection of private data. Emerging covert communications provides a promising solution to achieve robust communication security. Aiming at facilitating the practical implementation of covert communications in space/air networks, we present a tutorial overview of its potentials, scenarios, and key technologies. Specifically, first, the commonly used covertness constraint model, covert performance metrics, and potential application scenarios are briefly introduced. Then, several efficient methods that introduce uncertainty into the covert system are thoroughly summarized, followed by several critical enabling technologies, including joint resource allocation and deployment/trajectory design, multi-antenna and beamforming techniques, reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS), and artificial intelligence algorithms. Finally, we highlight some open issues for future investigation.

关键词： artificial intelligence(AI) sixth generation(6G) space-air-ground integrated networks(SAGINs) space/air covert communications

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Nano-flower spherical SnS2 combined with a special lithium storage mechanism as a multifunctional separator for lithium-sulfur batteries contributes to ultra-high initial discharge specific capacity

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 509-519页

作者： LIU HuaZhong XIONG YaPing HUANG MouZhi CHEN ZongMin YANG xiao ZHANG Ze YANG zhenyu CAI JianXin School of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China

The critical factors that limit the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are mainly the“shuttle effect”of polysulfides and the slow redox reaction between lithium polysulfides(LiPSs).Herein,a nano-sphere-type material selfassembled from tin disulfide nanosheets is designed and applied to the Li-S cell separator in this work.The SnS_(2)@PP modified separator not only acts as a dual restriction for LiPSs by chemisorption and physical barrier.At the same time,it improves the catalytic activity of the redox reaction between LiPSs.The SnS_(2)has extremely high electrochemical activity.There,a portion of the lithium ions can be inserted into SnS_(2)to form Li_(x)SnS_(2)and contribute to the capacity during the first discharge of the battery.In addition,Li_(x)SnS_(2)possesses a high degree of stability,and it does not undergo further de-alloying reactions even at the high potential of the Li-S cell.The benefit is that the steady-state Li_(x)SnS_(2)acts as a lithium-containing substance.It can form special Li^(+)channels on the surface of the separator,thus greatly improving the efficiency of Li+transport.The results showed that the SnS_(2)@PP-based cell exhibited extremely high initial discharge specific capacity(1477 m Ah g^(-1)at 0.1 C)and excellent rate performance(631 m Ah g^(-1)at 5 C).Even after 1000 cycles at 2 C,the cell exhibited a low decay rate of 0.06%per cycle on average.In addition,the superior electrochemical performance was obtained even with a high sulfur loading of 5.1 mg cm^(-2)and low electrolyte of E/S=8μL mg^(-1).

关键词： Li-S batteries modified separators polysulfides catalytic conversion high electrochemical activity

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A framework for the responsible reform of the 14-day rule in human embryo research

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Protein & Cell 2022年第8期13卷 552-558页

作者： Yaojin Peng Jianwei Lv zhenyu xiao Lulu Ding Qi Zhou State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing 100101China

Ever since the world's first"test-tube"baby was bom in 1978,the use of human embryos in research has become highly controversial ethically and thus created a significant challenge for jurisdictions,especially in Europ... 详细信息

关键词： framework rule created

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Dual-ion pre-inserted Mo glycerate template for constructing NiMo-OS core–shell structure with boosting performance in zinc ions hybrid supercapacitors

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 6922-6932页

作者： Shujing Chen Zhengpeng Xiang zhenyu xiao Kun-Peng Wang Qi Zhang Lei Wang State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green ManufacturingCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China

Zinc ion hybrid supercapacitors(ZHS)have received much attention due to the enhanced potential window range and high specific capacity.However,the appropriate positive materials with high electrochemical performance are still a challenge.Herein,NH_(4)^(+)and glycerate anions pre-inserted Mo glycerate(N-MoG)spheres are synthesized and serve as the template to form NH_(4)^(+)intercalated Ni_(3)S_(2)/Ni_(3)O_(2)(OH)_(4)@MoS_(2)core–shell nanoflower(N-NiMo-OS)in-situ grown on nickel foam(NF)(N-NiMo-OS/NF)by sulfurization treatment.Compared with the product using traditional MoG as a template,N-NiMo-OS/NF inheriting a larger core structure from N-MoG delivers enhanced space for ions transport and volume expansion during the energy storage process,together with the synergistic effects of multi-components and the heterostructure,the as-prepared N-NiMo-OS/NF nanoflower exhibits excellent performance for the battery-type hybrid supercapacitors(BHS)and ZHS devices.Notably,the ZHS device delivers superior electrochemical performance to the BHS device,such as a higher specific capacity of 327.5 mAh·g^(−1)at 1 A·g^(−1),a preeminent energy density of 610.6 Wh·kg^(−1)at 1710 W·kg^(−1),long cycle life.The in-situ Raman,ex-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),theoretical calculation demonstrate the extra Zn^(2+)insertion/extraction storage mechanism provides enhanced electrochemical performance for ZHS device.Therefore,the dual-ion pre-inserted strategy can be extended for other advanced electrode materials in energy storage fields.

关键词： NH_(4)^(+)and glycerate anions pre-inserted Mo glycerate(N-MoG)spheres NH_(4)^(+)intercalated Ni_(3)S_(2)/Ni_(3)O_(2)(OH)_(4)@MoS_(2)core–shell nanoflower(N-NiMo-OS)in-situ grown on nickel foam(NF)(N-NiMo-OS/NF)nanoflower battery-type hybrid supercapacitors zinc ions hybrid supercapacitors

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Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network with Native Intelligence(NI-SAGIN):Concept,Architecture,Access and Networking

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China Communications 2022年第1期19卷 I0002-I0007页

作者： zhenyu xiao Qihui Wu Jiajia Liu Ning Zhang Tao Sun the School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang University IET China Institute of Communications and of Electronics the Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics(NUAA) key lab of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China the School of Cybersecurity Northwestern Polytechnical University Shaanxi Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Cyber Security Xi’an Unmanned System Security and Intelligent Communications ISTC Center IEEE IOT-AHSN TC IEEE Communications Society1 IEEE Vehicular Technology Society1 the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at University of Windsor1 China Mobile Research Institute1 GPP SA21 China Mobile’s 3GPP SA and CT groups

Ubiquitous coverage is one of the most important goals for mobile communication networks.To achieve this,integration of space,air,and ground networks is highly demanded,which expects to become the one of the enabling ... 详细信息

关键词： Access networks Networking

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Nano-flower spherical SnScombined with a special lithium storage mechanism as a multifunctional separator for lithium-sulfur batteries contributes to ultra-high initial discharge specific capacity

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年

作者： LIU HuaZhong XIONG YaPing HUANG MouZhi CHEN ZongMin YANG xiao ZHANG Ze YANG zhenyu CAI JianXin School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Nanchang University

The critical factors that limit the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries are mainly the “shuttle effect” of polysulfides and the slow redox reaction between lithium polysulfides(LiPSs). Herein, a nano-sphere-type material selfassembled from tin disulfide nanosheets is designed and applied to the Li-S cell separator in this work. The SnS2@PP modified separator not only acts as a dual restriction for LiPSs by chemisorption and physical barrier. At the same time, it improves the catalytic activity of the redox reaction between LiPSs. The SnS2has extremely high electrochemical activity. There, a portion of the lithium ions can be inserted into SnS2to form LixSnS2and contribute to the capacity during the first discharge of the battery.In addition, LixSnS2possesses a high degree of stability, and it does not undergo further de-alloying reactions even at the high potential of the Li-S cell. The benefit is that the steady-state LixSnS2acts as a lithium-containing substance. It can form special Li+channels on the surface of the separator, thus greatly improving the efficiency of Li+transport. The results showed that the SnS2@PP-based cell exhibited extremely high initial discharge specific capacity(1477 mAh g-1at 0.1 C) and excellent rate performance(631 mAh g-1at 5 C). Even after 1000 cycles at 2 C, the cell exhibited a low decay rate of 0.06% per cycle on average. In addition, the superior electrochemical performance was obtained even with a high sulfur loading of 5.1 mg cm-2and low electrolyte of E/S = 8 μL mg-1.

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Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network (SAGIN) for 6G: Requirements, Architecture and Challenges

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China Communications 2022年第2期19卷 90-108页

作者： Huanxi Cui Jun Zhang Yuhui Geng zhenyu xiao Tao Sun Ning Zhang Jiajia Liu Qihui Wu Xianbin Cao School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory for Network-Based Cooperative Air application ManagementBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China China Mobile Research Institute Beijing 100053China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WindsorONCanadaN9B 3P4 National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology the School of CybersecurityNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anShaanxi710072China College of Electronics and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210007China

As the fifth-generation(5G)mobile communication network may not meet the requirements of emerging technologies and applications,including ubiquitous coverage,industrial internet of things(IIoT),ubiquitous artificial intelligence(AI),digital twins(DT),etc.,this paper aims to explore a novel space-air-ground integrated network(SAGIN)architecture to support these new requirements for the sixth-generation(6G)mobile communication network in a flexible,low-latency and efficient manner.Specifically,we first review the evolution of the mobile communication network,followed by the application and technology requirements of 6G.Then the current 5G non-terrestrial network(NTN)architecture in supporting the new requirements is deeply analyzed.After that,we proposes a new flexible,low-latency and flat SAGIN architecture,and presents corresponding use cases.Finally,the future research directions are discussed.

关键词： 6G AI DT SAGIN NTN Network architecture

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