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Pan-genome analysis reveals a highly plastic genome and extensive secreted protein polymorphism in Puccinia striformis f.sp.tritici

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第5期51卷 574-577页

作者： Jierong wang Yuxi Peng Yiwen Xu Zhiru Li Gangming Zhan zhensheng Kang Jing Zhao College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China College of Life Science Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

The obligate biotrophic basidiomycete fungus Puccinia striformis f.***.tritici(Pst)is the causative agent of wheat stripe(yellow)rust,a disease that results in severe damage to global wheat production(Chen and Kang,2017).This pathogen has a mixed reproductive mode encompassing both asexual and sexual reproduction.The asexual stage is accomplished by reinfecting wheat with urediniospores,while the sexual cycle involves five different spore types and two phylogenetically unrelated plant hosts wheat,which is the primary host,and barberry,which is the alternate host(Zhao et al.,2016).This extremely complex lifecycle facilitates large genetic variation among Pst populations,which is conducive to the emergence of new virulent races that can overcome wheat resistance genes,resulting in epidemics(Chen and Kang,2017).Secreted effector proteins,the key virulence factors in fungal pathogens,can not only suppress plant immune systems but also trigger host immune responses following recognition by plant receptors(Toruno et al.,2016).

关键词： Puccinia overcome wheat

Plate Tectonics:The Stabilizer of Earth’s Habitability

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第6期34卷 1645-1662页

作者： zhensheng wang Junfeng Zhang Keqing Zong Timothy M.Kusky Yanxin wang State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Center for Global TectonicsSchool of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Badong National Observatory and Research Station for Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China

Earth is the only planet known to be habitable,and is also unique with its liquid water,and the operation of plate tectonics.The geological record shows that the habitability of our planet can rapidly recover from major disasters or catastrophes,even those that cause mass extinctions.We suggest that plate tectonics,which acts as a link between the shallow and deep,is pivotal for the formation,evolution,and long-term stability of the hydrosphere,atmosphere,lithosphere,and thus life.Plate tectonics links the surface environment with the deep interior of high viscosity,low Reynolds number,low entropy,and low chaos,able to produce a strong healing effect to neutralize catastrophic events.It can transfer the bio-essential elements from the deep interior to the near-surface environment and can recycle toxic elements to the deep.This unique planetary energy and material transfer process of Earth is a continuous,slow-release,and bidirectional cycle,where a change in the surface is slowly buffered by a reaction from the deep,shaping a long-term and stable habitable environment.Therefore,it is considered that plate tectonics is the basic condition for the long-term stable evolution of the Earth’s biosphere and the stabilizer of the Earth’s habitability.

关键词： Earth's habitability plate tectonics hydrosphere atmosphere continents

Polymorphisms of potential drug resistant molecular markers in Plasmodium vivax from China-Myanmar border during 2008-2017

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第2期11卷 93-94页

作者： zhensheng wang Chunyan Wei Yunchun Pan Zhihua wang Xin Ji Qianqian Chen Lianhui Zhang Zenglei wang Heng wang Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College5#Dong Dan San TiaoBeijing 100005People’s Republic of China NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens Institute of Pathogen BiologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College9#Dong Dan San TiaoBeijingPeople’s Republic of China 不详

Background:Plasmodium vivax remains the predominant species at the China–Myanmar border,imposing a major challenge to the recent gains in regional malaria elimination.To closely supervise the emerging of drug resistance in this area,we surveyed the variations in genes potentially correlated with drug resistance in P.vivax parasite and the possible drug selection with time.Methods:A total of 235 P.vivax samples were collected from patients sufering uncomplicated malaria at Yingjiang,Tengchong,and Longling counties,and Nabang port in China,Yunnan province,and Laiza sub-township in Myanmar,from 2008 to 2017.Five potential drug resistance genes were amplifed utilizing nested-PCR and analyzed,including pvdhfr,pvdhps,pvmdr1,pvcrt-o,and pvk12.The Pearson’s Chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test were applied to determine the statistical frequency diferences of mutations between categorical data.Results:The pvdhfr F57I/L,S58R,T61M and S117T/N presented in 40.6%,56.7%,40.1%,and 56.0% of the sequenced P.vivax isolates,and these mutations signifcantly decreased with years.The haplotype formed by these quadruple mutations predominated in Yingjiang,Tengchong,Longling and Nabang.While a mutation H99S/R(56.6%)dominated in Laiza and increased with time.In pvdhps,the A383G prevailed in 69.2% of the samples,which remained the most prevalent haplotype.However,a signifcant decrease of its occurrence was also noticed over the time.The S382A/C and A553G existed in 8.4% and 30.8% of the isolates,respectively.In pvmdr1,the mutation Y976F occurred at a low frequency in 5/232(2.2%),while T958M was fxed and F1076L was approaching fxed(72.4%).The K10 insertion was detected at an occurrence of 33.2% in pvcrt-o,whereas there was no signifcant diference among the sites or over the time.No mutation was identifed in pvk12.Conclusions:Mutations related with resistance to antifolate drugs are prevalent in this area,while their frequencies decrease signifcantly with time,suggestive of increased susceptibility of P.vivax parasite to antifolate drugs

关键词： Plasmodium vivax Antimalarial drug Drug resistance Molecular marker China-Myanmar border

An experimental study exploring the influencing factors for ultrasonic-assisted extraction of flavonoid compounds from leaves of Amorpha fruticosa L.

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第5期30卷 1735-1741页

作者： Jingyao Tian Siddique Muhammad Ai Chen Peng Chen Jinghong wang Chengwu Yang Hui Yuan zhensheng wang College of Landscape Architecture Northeast Forestry University

In this paper,the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of flavonoid compounds from leaves of Amorpha fruticosa is optimized.In single factor experiments,solid/liquid ratios,ultrasonic power,ethanol concentrations and extraction cycles were experimental factors.Box–Behnken central composite design and RSM analyzed the effects of the four factors on the yield of total flavonoids.The optimal extraction parameters were solid/liquid ratio 1:50 g/mL,ultrasonic power 316 W,ethanol concentration 50%,4 extraction cycles.In the optimized condition,the estimated value of the regression model was 66.6456 mg/g while the measured value was 66.4329 mg/g.

关键词： Amorpha fruticosa L. Flavonoid compounds Ultrasonic extraction Response surface methodology

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基于双有序性约束的人脸年龄估计研究

重庆工商大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第2期41卷 86-95页

作者：王荀黄振生南京理工大学数学与统计学院南京210094

目的人类年龄是人类识别和搜索任务中的重要特征,现有研究一般将人脸年龄估计视为传统的分类任务,忽略了年龄之间的有序特征,导致估计年龄与真实年龄之间的差距较大,因此,有必要寻找一种方法以缩小估计年龄与实际年龄的差距。方法提出... 详细信息

目的人类年龄是人类识别和搜索任务中的重要特征,现有研究一般将人脸年龄估计视为传统的分类任务,忽略了年龄之间的有序特征,导致估计年龄与真实年龄之间的差距较大,因此,有必要寻找一种方法以缩小估计年龄与实际年龄的差距。方法提出一种基于双有序性约束卷积神经网络模型(DO-CNN)的人脸图像年龄估计方法。首先,DO-CNN使用基于广义Logistic分布的有序回归模型作为卷积神经网络的分类器,并验证比其他有序分类器在人脸估计任务上的优越性;接着,进一步提出有序竞争比损失函数,在传统竞争比损失函数上,通过引入风险项使损失函数注意到预测年龄与真实年龄的误差,进而指导模型缩小估计年龄与真实年龄的差距。结果在开源人脸图像年龄数据集FGNET和AgeDB上的对比实验显示:相比现有研究方法,DO-CNN分别提升约12%和3%的准确率,当允许的误差范围扩大后,该优势依然保持。此外,基于广义Logistic分布的有序回归分类器相比基于其他分布的有序回归分类器具有明显提升。结论实验结果表明:基于双有序性约束的卷积神经网络模型可以明显提升人脸年龄估计的准确率,并减少年龄估计的实际误差。

关键词：人脸年龄估计有序回归卷积神经网络竞争比损失函数深度学习

铁路跨境电商物流发展SWOT分析及发展对策

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物流技术 2024年第1期43卷 130-138页

作者：王浩腾邹振胜中国科学技术大学管理学院安徽合肥230026 中铁快运股份有限公司北京100070

在新时期跨境电商大发展的背景下,以中欧班列为例,介绍了铁路跨境电商物流的发展概况,分析得出其综合能效高及对中国落后地区跨境电商进步的带动效应等优势,同时指出其诸多劣势,例如地区运力不均衡使得中欧班列的持续发展缺乏支撑、缺... 详细信息

在新时期跨境电商大发展的背景下,以中欧班列为例,介绍了铁路跨境电商物流的发展概况,分析得出其综合能效高及对中国落后地区跨境电商进步的带动效应等优势,同时指出其诸多劣势,例如地区运力不均衡使得中欧班列的持续发展缺乏支撑、缺乏政策支持以及价格、成本竞争力缺乏等,然后介绍了“一带一路”倡议、交通基础设施的完善以及国家相关的政策保障为中欧班列带来的发展机遇,并指出其受到的一些威胁,例如途径国家众多导致的政治经济社会风险、相关保障性政策有待完善、铁路跨境电商物流相关人才匮乏等。最后,结合上述SWOT分析结果,给出了提升铁路跨境电商竞争优势的对策和建议。

关键词：铁路跨境物流跨境电商 SWOT分析一带一路中欧班列

基于LoRa技术的ABB机器人遥操作联动系统的设计

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黑龙江科学 2024年第12期15卷 48-51页

作者：戴琨王震生唐山工业职业技术学院河北唐山063299 河北省高校动车组智能制造与运维应用技术研发中心河北唐山063299 唐山市工业机器人系统智能运维技术创新中心河北唐山063299

工业机器人传统编程与控制模式受通信网线距离的影响,不便对其进行远程操作,控制灵活性差。对工业机器人远程操作联动系统进行研究,设计并研发一种基于LoRa技术的ABB机器人遥操作联动系统,选择PC机作为上位机设计人机交互界面,通过RS232... 详细信息

工业机器人传统编程与控制模式受通信网线距离的影响,不便对其进行远程操作,控制灵活性差。对工业机器人远程操作联动系统进行研究,设计并研发一种基于LoRa技术的ABB机器人遥操作联动系统,选择PC机作为上位机设计人机交互界面,通过RS232、LoRa协议建立上位机与LoRa模块的通信,搭建LoRa模块与工业机器人的通信,完成工业机器人与远端工作站及数据中心的连接,实现对工业机器人的远程控制与管理。实验表明,该系统能够对ABB机器人进行远程控制与状态监控,替代人类在恶劣环境下对工业机器人进行控制管理,解放人力,提高生产效率。

关键词：遥操作 LoRa 工业机器人远程控制

结合SAM大模型和数学形态学的历史地图水系信息提取方法

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测绘学报 2024年第4期53卷 761-772页

作者：赵飞李兆正甘泉高祖瑜王湛初杜清运王振声沈洋潘威云南大学地球科学学院云南昆明650500 云南省中老孟缅自然资源遥感监测国际联合实验室云南昆明650051 云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院云南昆明650500 自然资源部第三大地测量队四川成都610100 武汉大学资源与环境科学学院湖北武汉430079 鹏城实验室战略与交叉前沿研究部广东深圳518055 云南大学历史与档案学院云南昆明650091

历史地图记载着丰富的历史地理信息,能够帮助了解历史规律,为当代发展提供借鉴。不同于现代地图、遥感影像等数据,历史地图保存时间久,存在留存数量少、图像精度低等问题,地图符号也与现代有所差异,因此信息难以被高效提取。针对该问题... 详细信息

历史地图记载着丰富的历史地理信息,能够帮助了解历史规律,为当代发展提供借鉴。不同于现代地图、遥感影像等数据,历史地图保存时间久,存在留存数量少、图像精度低等问题,地图符号也与现代有所差异,因此信息难以被高效提取。针对该问题,本文以历史地图《宁夏省境黄河沿岸沟渠水道地形图》为试验数据,提出一种智能化历史地图水系信息提取方法。首先,结合符号句法,运用聚类与数学形态学方法构建数据集;然后,改进通用大模型(SAM)结构并进行迁移学习优化权重;最后,借助改进SAM自动提取历史地图水系信息。将试验结果与其他模型作对比,显示本文方法提取结果边界清晰,轮廓完整,准确率、精度等指标均为最高。同时,将提取结果与该区域水系现状作对比,发现历史上的河流沟渠如今大多改道、偏移或消失,湖泊面积大大减小。本文方法基于SAM通用大模型进行改进,验证了大模型在地图领域的可用性,为地图信息提取提供了思路。

关键词：历史地图水系提取模糊C均值聚类数学形态学 SAM通用大模型

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旋转流体多边形自由表面形成机制研究

实验流体力学 2024年第2期38卷 78-87页

作者：李唯一王涛张先念李雪琴孙振生火箭军工程大学西安710025

针对流体在约束旋转中产生多边形涡流的现象,设计了旋转圆筒实验装置,对不同旋转频率、液面高度及圆筒半径下的旋转流体行为进行了研究。基于实验现象,提出了全局复合波理论模型,该模型的计算结果与实验现象一致。根据流动相似理论,利... 详细信息

针对流体在约束旋转中产生多边形涡流的现象,设计了旋转圆筒实验装置,对不同旋转频率、液面高度及圆筒半径下的旋转流体行为进行了研究。基于实验现象,提出了全局复合波理论模型,该模型的计算结果与实验现象一致。根据流动相似理论,利用量纲分析法对实验数据进行分析处理;借助黑体辐射模型给出了流体参数在一定范围下的经验公式,该公式在径长比小于4的情况下与实验数据符合程度较好。本文建立的全局复合波理论模型及相关研究结论可为多边形涡流形成机制与变化规律研究提供理论参考。

关键词：旋转流体多边形涡流量纲分析经验公式黑体辐射模型全局复合波理论模型