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Divalent anion intercalation and etching-hydrolysis strategies to construct ultra-stable electrodes for seawater splitting

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 687-695页

作者： Jiajia Lu Yang Liu han-Pu Liang Key Laboratory of Biofuels Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanocomposites and Applications Institute of Nano-Structured Functional MaterialsHuanghe Science and Technology CollegeZhengzhou450006China School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang453007China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Shandong Energy Institute Qingdao266101China

Developing stable electrodes for seawater splitting remains a great challenge due to the detachment of catalysts at a large operating current and severe anode corrosion caused by ***,divalent anion intercalation and etching-hydrolysis strategies are deployed to synthesize the ultra-stable anode,dendritic Fe(OH)_(3) grown on Ni(SO_4)_(0.3)(OH)_(1.4)–Ni(OH)_(2).Experimental results reveal that the anode exhibits good activity and excellent stability in alkaline simulated *** 500 h,the current density operated at 1.72 V remains 99.5%,about 210 m A cm^(-2).The outstanding stability originates from the etchinghydrolysis strategy,which strengthens the interaction between the catalyst and the carrier and retards thus the detachment of catalysts at a large current ***,theoretical simulations confirm that the intercalated divalent anions,such as SO_4^(2-) and CO_(3)^(2-),can weaken the adsorption strength of chlorine on the surface of catalysts and hinder the coupling and hybridization between chlorine and nickel,which slows down the anode corrosion and improves catalytic ***,the twoelectrode system shows the remarkable 95.1% energy efficiency at 2,000 A m-2and outstanding stability in 6 mol L^(-1) KOH +seawater at 80 ℃.

关键词： seawater splitting stability divalent anion intercalation etching-hydrolysis

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Pan-genome brings opportunities to revitalize the ancient crop foxtail millet

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 4-7页

作者： Yinpei Liang Yuanhuai han College of Agriculture Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu 030810China Joint Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture of MOARA(with Shanxi Province) Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu 030810China Houji Laboratory Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuan 030810China

The annual grass foxtail millet(Setaria italica)was first domesticated11000 years ago,making it one of the most ancient crops in the world,and it was the mainstay underpinning the development of Asian farming *** looming food shortage crisis,aggravated by climate change,threatens to make current agriculture *** a C4 photosynthetic plant,foxtail millet has attracted increasing attention from the scientific and industrial farming communities because of its drought tolerance,good adaptability,and nutritional *** millet and green foxtail(Setaria viridis)have been developed into ideal model systems for C4 crops owing to their compact diploid genomes,rich genetic diversity,self-pollination,high-throughput transformation,short life cycles,and ease of laboratory culture.

关键词： crops drought ancient

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Nonlinear empirical failure criterion for rocks under triaxial compression

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第3期34卷 351-369页

作者： Hongtao Liu Zhou han Zijun han Zihan Chen Qinyu Liu Hongkai Zhang Rongguang Zhang Linfeng guo School of Energy&Mining Engineering China University of Mining and Technology-BeijingBeijing 100083China China National Coal Association Beijing 100010China

Based on existing triaxial compression experimental data,a new empirical failure criterion with wide applicability was proposed considering hydrostatic pressure,second stress invariance,and maximum shear *** fitting evaluation indicators were used to verify the consistency of the new failure criterion,and the differences with the other 6 failure criteria were *** characteristics of the new failure criteria in the principal stress space were finally *** results indicate that(1)the new failure criterion exhibits strong predictive ability for triaxial experiments and has good applicability for both intact and jointed rocks;(2)the influence of hydrostatic pressure on the failure surface exhibits a non-linear trend,and different hydrostatic pressure also exhibits different distribution patterns on the deviatoric stress plane,with a distribution characteristic pattern of hexagonal snowflake-regular *** maximum shear stress has a torsional effect on the new criterion,in the three-dimensional failure *** parameters a and b of the rock have an impact on the failure surface morphology of the new criterion function on the offset surface.

关键词： surface. criterion hydrostatic

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Fabrication of a 25.2 T NMR magnet for an extreme condition user facility in China

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 62-64页

作者： Hui han Yun Shang MRI Research Institute Department of RadiologyWeill Medical College of Cornell University

An ultra-high field magnet（>20 T）is desirable for studying the characteristics of new materials under extreme magnetic conditions [1]. Additionally,such field strength will result in resonance frequencies close to or greater than 1 gHz when applied to the study of1H signals from biomolecules by nuclear magnetic resonance（NMR）,which will lead to a higher signal-to-noise ratio, better sensitivity and a higher spectral resolution due to increased chemical shift dispersion [2].

关键词： NMR double pancake high temperature superconducting magnet ultra-high field

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Innovative construction of macroporous–mesoporous structured spherical alumina and its hydrothermal stability

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 429-435页

作者： Yufan Mo Chunli Li Huiyu Li Wei han He Wen Yinghong han Chunxia Che Yongjun Feng State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing Engineering Center for Hierarchical CatalystsCollege of ChemistryBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Lanzhou Petrochemical Research Center Petrochemical Research InstitutePetroChinaLanzhou730060China

The pore structure of spherical alumina supports is closely related to the dispersion of catalytically active components and the diffusion of *** excellent pore structure under strict reaction conditions is of utmost *** this work,sphericalγ-Al_(2)O_(3)support with a bimodal pore structure,composed of macropores and mesopores,was successfully synthesized using dodecane as the pore-forming agent through the oil–ammonia column-shaping *** morphology and internal pore structure of the alumina were found to be influenced by the amount of surfactant added and ultrasound treatment ***,when concentration of surfactant was 4‰and ultrasound voltage of 20 V was applied,the resultingγ-Al_(2)O_(3)-4‰-20 displayed a highly concentrated distribution of macropores with an average pore size of 100 nm,resulting in an impressive porosity of 69.21%.In contrast,the untreated sample ofγ-Al_(2)O_(3)-0-0 only exhibited a mesoporous distribution with a porosity of 54.03%.Moreover,after being subjected to a hydrothermal treatment in a high temperature(600°C)and high humidity(water vapor)environment for 120 h,theγ-Al_(2)O_(3)-4‰-20 sample maintained a high BET specific surface area of 170.9 m^(2)g^(−1)and mercury intrusion porosimetry specific surface area of 263.3 m^(2)g^(−1).

关键词： Spherical alumina supports Pore-forming agent Oil-ammonia column shaping method Hydrothermal treatment Hydrothermal stability

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An improved particle filter indoor fusion positioning approach based on Wi-Fi/PDR/geomagnetic field

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 443-458页

作者： Tianfa Wang Litao han Qiaoli Kong Zeyu Li Changsong Li Jingwei han Qi Bai Yanfei Chen College of geodesy and geomatics Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China Key Laboratory of geomatics and Digital Technology of Shandong Province Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China

The existing indoor fusion positioning methods based on Pedestrian Dead Reckoning(PDR)and geomagnetic technology have the problems of large initial position error,low sensor accuracy,and geomagnetic *** this study,a novel indoor fusion positioning approach based on the improved particle filter algorithm by geomagnetic iterative matching is proposed,where Wi-Fi,PDR,and geomagnetic signals are integrated to improve indoor positioning *** important contribution is that geomagnetic iterative matching is firstly proposed based on the particle filter *** the positioning process,an iterative window and a constraint window are introduced to limit the particle generation range and the geomagnetic matching range *** position is corrected several times based on geomagnetic iterative matching in the location correction stage when the pedestrian movement is detected,which made up for the shortage of only one time of geomagnetic correction in the existing particle filter *** addition,this study also proposes a real-time step detection algorithm based on multi-threshold constraints to judge whether pedestrians are moving,which satisfies the real-time requirement of our fusion positioning *** experimental verification,the average positioning accuracy of the proposed approach reaches 1.59 m,which improves 33.2%compared with the existing particle filter fusion positioning algorithms.

关键词： Fusion positioning Particle filter geomagnetic iterative matching Iterative window Constraint window

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Two-Dimensional Materials for Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 176-212页

作者： Xiangqian Shen Xuesong Lin Yong Peng Yiqiang Zhang Fei Long Qifeng han Yanbo Wang Liyuan han State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People's Republic of China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices School of Physical Science and TechnologyXinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046People's Republic of China Special Division of Environmental and Energy Science College of Arts and SciencesKomaba Organization for Educational ExcellenceUniversity of TokyoTokyo 153-8902Japan State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070People's Republic of China College of Chemistry Henan Institute of Advanced TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001People's Republic of China guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of ResourcesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringGuilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004People's Republic of China

Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)offer low costs and high power conversion ***,the lack of long-term stability,primarily stemming from the interfacial defects and the sus-ceptible metal electrodes,hinders their practical *** the past few years,two-dimensional(2D)materials(e.g.,graphene and its derivatives,transitional metal dichalcogenides,MXenes,and black phosphorus)have been identified as a promising solution to solving these problems because of their dangling bond-free surfaces,layer-dependent electronic band structures,tunable functional groups,and inherent ***,recent progress of 2D material toward efficient and stable PSCs is summarized,including its role as both interface materials and *** discuss their beneficial effects on perovskite growth,energy level alignment,defect passivation,as well as blocking external *** particular,the unique properties of 2D materials to form van der Waals heterojunction at the bottom interface are ***,perspectives on the further development of PSCs using 2D materials are provided,such as designing high-quality van der Waals heterojunction,enhancing the uniformity and coverage of 2D nanosheets,and developing new 2D materials-based electrodes.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Two-dimensional materials Interface engineering Van der Waals heterojunction Electrodes

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Fabrication and Properties of a New Reactive Diluent for Cationic UV Curing

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第4期39卷 1053-1060页

作者：吴正森黄笔武 LIU Yuansheng SHEN han School of Physics and Materials Science Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China

The reactive diluent prepared by siloxane modified Trimethylene oxide can improve the performance of the UV curing ***,1,7-bis[(3-ethyl-3-methoxyoxacylobutane)propyl]octadecylosiloxane(BEMOPOMTS)was synthesized from diethyl carbonate,trimethylopropanes,allyl bromide,and 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7-octadecylosiloxane as the main raw *** can be used as reactive diluents in the field of cationic UV *** has good thermal stability,and the addition of BEMOPOMTS significantly improves the tensile strength and elongation at break of epoxy *** with the pure epoxy resin,adding 20%BEMOPOMTS increased the elastic modulus by 25%to 677 MPa.

关键词： UV curing cation curing reactive diluent siloxane

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Learning feature alignment and dual correlation for few‐shot image classification

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第2期9卷 303-318页

作者： Xilang Huang Seon han Choi Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulSouth Korea graduate Program in Smart Factory Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulSouth Korea

Few‐shot image classification is the task of classifying novel classes using extremely limited labelled *** perform classification using the limited samples,one solution is to learn the feature alignment(FA)information between the labelled and unlabelled sample *** FA methods use the feature mean as the class prototype and calculate the correlation between prototype and unlabelled features to learn an alignment ***,mean prototypes tend to degenerate informative features because spatial features at the same position may not be equally important for the final classification,leading to inaccurate correlation ***,the authors propose an effective intraclass FA strategy that aggregates semantically similar spatial features from an adaptive reference prototype in low‐dimensional feature space to obtain an informative prototype feature map for precise correlation ***,a dual correlation module to learn the hard and soft correlations was developed by the *** module combines the correlation information between the prototype and unlabelled features in both the original and learnable feature spaces,aiming to produce a comprehensive cross‐correlation between the prototypes and unlabelled *** both FA and cross‐attention modules,our model can maintain informative class features and capture important shared features for *** results on three few‐shot classification benchmarks show that the proposed method outperformed related methods and resulted in a 3%performance boost in the 1‐shot setting by inserting the proposed module into the related methods.

关键词： image classification machine learning metric learning

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geochemistry and origins of hydrogen-containing natural gases in deep Songliao Basin,China:Insights from continental scientific drilling

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 741-751页

作者： Shuang-Biao han Chao-han Xiang Xin Du Lin-Feng Xie Jie Huang Cheng-Shan Wang College of geoscience and Surveying Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyBeijing100083China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China

The different reservoirs in deep Songliao Basin have non-homogeneous lithologies and include multiple layers with a high content of hydrogen *** gas composition and stable isotope characteristics vary significantly,but the origin analysis of different gas types has previously been *** on the geochemical parameters of gas samples from different depths and the analysis of geological settings,this research covers the diverse origins of natural gas in different *** gas components are mainly methane with a small amount of C_(2+),and non-hydrocarbon gases,including nitrogen(N_(2)),hydrogen(H_(2)),carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),and helium(He).At greater depth,the carbon isotope of methane becomes heavier,and the hydrogen isotope points to a lacustrine sedimentary *** increasing depth,the origins of N_(2)and CO_(2)change gradually from a mixture of organic and inorganic to *** origins of hydrogen gas are complex and include organic sources,water radiolysis,water-rock(Fe^(2+)-containing minerals)reactions,and *** shales of Denglouku and Shahezi Formations,as source rocks,provide the premise for generation and occurrence of organic ***,the deep faults and fluid activities in Basement Formation control the generation and migration of mantle-derived *** discovery of a high content of H_(2)in study area not only reveals the organic and inorganic association of natural-gas generation,but also provides a scientific basis for the exploration of deep hydrogen-rich gas.

关键词： gas compositions Stable isotopes gas origins Hydrogen gas Songliao Basin

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