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Added Benefit of the Early-Morning-Orbit Satellite Fengyun-3E on the Global Microwave Sounding of the Three-Orbit Constellation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第1期41卷 39-52页

作者： Juan LI Zhengkun QIN Guiqing LIU Jing HUANG CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre Beijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Joint Center for Data Assimilation Research and Applications School of Atmospheric SciencesNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China

The three-orbit constellation can comprehensively increase the spatial coverage of polar-orbiting satellites,but the polar-orbiting satellites currently in operation are only mid-morning-orbit and afternoon-orbit satellites.Fengyun-3E(FY-3E)was launched successfully on 5 July 2021 in China.As an early-morning-orbit satellite,FY-3E can help form a complete three-orbit observation system together with the mid-morning and afternoon satellites in the current mainstream operational system.In this study,we investigate the added benefit of FY-3E microwave sounding observations to the midmorning-orbit Meteorological Operational satellite-B(Met Op-B)and afternoon-orbit Fengyun-3D(FY-3D)microwave observations in the Chinese Meteorological Administration global forecast system(CMA-GFS).The results show that the additional FY-3E microwave temperature sounder-3(MWTS-3)and microwave humidity sounder-2(MWHS-2)data can increase the global coverage of microwave temperature and humidity sounding data by 14.8% and 10.6%,respectively.It enables the CMA-GFS to achieve nearly 100% global coverage of microwave-sounding observations at each analysis time.Furthermore,after effective quality control and bias correction,the global biases and standard deviations of the differences between observations and model simulations are also reduced.Based on the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit A and the Microwave Humidity Sounder onboard Met Op-B,and the MWTS-2 and MWHS-2 onboard FY-3D,adding the microwave sounding data of FY-3E can further reduce the errors of analysis results and improve the global prediction skills of CMA-GFS,especially for the southern-hemisphere forecasts within 96 hours,all of which are significant at the 95% confidence level.

关键词： data assimilation microwave temperature sounder MWTS-3

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Diffusionmodels for time-series applications: a survey

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第1期25卷 19-41页

作者： Lequan LIN zhengkun LI Ruikun LI Xuliang LI Junbin GAO Discipline of Business Analytics The University of Sydney Business SchoolCamperdownNSW 2006Australia Postdoctoral Programme of Zhongtai Securities Co. Ltd.Jinan 250000China

Diffusion models, a family of generative models based on deep learning, have become increasinglyprominent in cutting-edge machine learning research. With distinguished performance in generating samples thatresemble the observed data, diffusion models are widely used in image, video, and text synthesis nowadays. Inrecent years, the concept of diffusion has been extended to time-series applications, and many powerful models havebeen developed. Considering the deficiency of a methodical summary and discourse on these models, we providethis survey as an elementary resource for new researchers in this area and to provide inspiration to motivate futureresearch. For better understanding, we include an introduction about the basics of diffusion models. Except forthis, we primarily focus on diffusion-based methods for time-series forecasting, imputation, and generation, andpresent them, separately, in three individual sections. We also compare different methods for the same applicationand highlight their connections if applicable. Finally, we conclude with the common limitation of diffusion-basedmethods and highlight potential future research directions.

关键词： Diffusion models Time-series forecasting Time-series imputation Denoising diffusion probabilistic models Score-based generative models Stochastic differential equations

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An efficient CuZr-based metallic glasses electrode material for electrocatalytic degradation of azo dyes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 537-546页

作者： Zhiwang Deng Bowen Zhao Songtao Li zhengkun Li Shiming Zhang Kewei Zhang Zhengwang Zhu Taiyuan University of Science and Technology School of materials science and engineeringTaiyuan 030024China Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China qingdao Yunlu Advanced Materials Technology Co. Ltd.Qingdao 266232China

Metallic glasses have received a lot of attention on wastewater treatment due to their unique atomic structure,and the use of metallic glasses as electrodes has produced unexpected electrocatalytic degradation effects for many pollutants through combining with electrochemical technology.However,it still is a formidable challenge to find a metallic glass electrode material with both efficient and clean for the catalytic degradation of pollutants.In this work,the Cu_(55)Zr_(45)metallic glassy ribbons are used as an electrode to degrade azo dyes and show the excellent degradation effect,which can reach 95.6%within 40 min.In the degradation process,almost no additives are produced and Cu_(55)Zr_(45)metallic glassy ribbons have excellent effects under different pH conditions.Meanwhile,it exhibits good stability for degradation efficiency during the 8 cycle degradation tests of the amorphous alloy electrode.When the copper nanoparticles are exposed on the surface of the ribbons,the oxidized copper obtained synergistically produce activated radicals is the primary degradation mechanism,where the auxiliary degradation mechanisms include electron transfer and the promotion of active chlorine.This research develops a new type of electrode material for wastewater treatment,and the economy and high efficiency of Cu55Zr45metallic glass endow it the expandable functional applications.

关键词： Metallic glasses Azo dyes Electrocatalytic Degradation Oxidized copper

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Metal organic frameworks-based cathode materials for advanced Li-S batteries: A comprehensive review

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2592-2618页

作者： zhengkun Xie Boyong Cao Xiyan Yue Ruixue Wang Ziqian Xue Jiajia Wang Guoqing Guan Weihua Chen College of Chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Ecology and Environment Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454003China Laboratory of Energy Conversion Engineering Institute of Regional InnovationHirosaki University3 Bunkyo-choHirosakiAomori 036-8561Japan Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences(iCeMS) Kyoto UniversitySakyo-kuKyoto 606-8501Japan Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education) Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Li-S batteries(LSBs)have been considering as new and promising energy storage systems because of the high theoretical energy density and low price.Nevertheless,their practical application is inhibited by several factors,including poor electrical conductivity of electrode materials,greatly volumetric variation,as well as the polysulfide formation upon the cycling.To address these problems,it is imperative to develop and design effective and suitable sulfur host anode materials.Metal organic frameworks(MOFs)-based cathode materials,possessing their good conductivity and easy morphology design,have been extensively studied and exhibited enormously potential in LSBs.In this review,a comprehensive overview of MOFs-based sulfur host materials is provided,including their electrochemical reaction mechanisms,related evaluation parameters,and their performances used in LSBs in the past few years.In particular,the recent advances using in-situ characterization technologies for investigating the electrochemical reaction mechanism in LSBs are presented and highlighted.Additionally,the challenges and prospects associated with future research on MOF-related sulfur host materials are discussed.It is anticipated to offer the guidance for the identification of suitable MOFs-based sulfur cathode materials for high-performance LSBs,thereby contributing for the achievement of a sustainable and renewable society.

关键词： lithium metal anode sulfur cathode metal organic frameworks host energy density in-situ characterization

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A bHLH transcription factor,CsSPT,regulates high-temperature resistance in cucumber

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第2期10卷 503-514页

作者： Yonggui Liang Chenyu Yang Fangyan Ming Bingwei Yu Zhihua Cheng Yixi Wang zhengkun Qiu Xiaolan Zhang Bihao Cao Shuangshuang Yan Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(South China) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research CenterCollege of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China State Key Laboratories of Agrobiotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable CropsMOE Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

High-temperature stress threatens the growth and yield of crops. Basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH) transcription factors(TFs) have been shown to play important roles in regulating high-temperature resistance in plants. However, the bHLH TFs responsible for high-temperature tolerance in cucumbers have not been identified. We used transcriptome profiling to screen the high temperature-responsive candidate bHLH TFs in cucumber. Here, we found that the expression of 75 CsbHLH genes was altered under high-temperature stress. The expression of the CsSPT gene was induced by high temperatures in TT(Thermotolerant) cucumber plants. However, the Csspt mutant plants obtained by the CRISPR-Cas9 system showed severe thermosensitive symptoms, including wilted leaves with brown margins and reduced root density and cell activity.The Csspt mutant plants also exhibited elevated H_(2)O_(2) levels and down-regulated photosystem-related genes under normal conditions.Furthermore, there were high relative electrolytic leakage(REC), malondialdehyde(MDA), glutathione(GSH), and superoxide radical(O_(2)^(·-)) levels in the Csspt mutant plants, with decreased Proline content after the high-temperature treatment. Transcriptome analysis showed that the photosystem and chloroplast activities in Csspt mutant plants were extremely disrupted by the high-temperature stress compared with wildtype(WT) plants. Moreover, the plant hormone signal transduction, as well as MAPK and calcium signaling pathways were activated in Csspt mutant plants under high-temperature stress. The HSF and HSP family genes shared the same upregulated expression patterns in Csspt and WT plants under high-temperature conditions. However, most bHLH, NAC, and bZIP family genes were significantly down-regulated by heat in Csspt mutant plants. Thus, these results demonstrated that CsSPT regulated the high-temperature response by recruiting photosynthesis components, signaling pathway molecules, and transcription factors. Our results provide important insights into the heat response m

关键词： Cucumber bHLH CsSPT Photosynthesis High temperature

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Assessment of the GPM and TRMM Precipitation Products Using the Rain Gauge Network over the Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2018年第2期32卷 324-336页

作者： Sijia ZHANG Donghai WANG Zhengkun QIN Yaoyao ZHENG Jianping GUO Joint Center for Data Assimilation Research and Applications Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research Karlsruhe Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences

Using high-quality hourly observations from national-level ground-based stations, the satellite-based rainfall products from both the Global Precipitation Measurement（GPM） Integrated Multisatellit E Retrievals for GPM（IMERG） and its predecessor, the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission（TRMM） Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis（TMPA）, are statistically evaluated over the Tibetan Plateau（TP）, with an emphasis on the diurnal variation.The results indicate that：（1） the half-hourly IMERG rainfall product can explicitly describe the diurnal variation over the TP, but with discrepancies in the timing of the greatest precipitation intensity and an overestimation of the maximum rainfall intensity over the whole TP. In addition, the performance of IMERG on the hourly timescale, in terms of the correlation coefficient and relative bias, is different for regions with sea level height below or above 3500 m;（2） the IMERG products, having higher correlation and lower root-mean-square error, perform better than the TMPA products on the daily and monthly timescales; and（3） the detection ability of IMERG is superior to that of TMPA, as corroborated by a higher Hanssen and Kuipers score, a higher probability of detection, a lower false alarm ratio, and a lower bias. Compared to TMPA, the IMERG products ameliorate the overestimation across the TP. In conclusion,GPM IMERG is superior to TRMM TMPA over the TP on multiple timescales.

关键词： Global Precipitation Measurement Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Tibetan Plateau precipitation

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Automatic Sensing and Detection for Subway Tunnel Pathologies

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Journal of World Architecture 2024年第1期8卷 54-62页

作者： Xingyu Wang zhengkun Zhu School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics Beijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing 102616China

Subway tunnels often suffer from surface pathologies such as cracks,corrosion,fractures,peeling,water and sand infiltration,and sudden hazards caused by foreign object intrusions.Installing a mobile visual pathology sensing system at the front end of operating trains is a critical measure to ensure subway safety.Taking leakage as the typical pathology,a tunnel pathology automatic visual detection method based on Deeplabv3+(ASTPDS)was proposed to achieve automatic and high-precision detection and pixel-level morphology extraction of pathologies.Compared with similar methods,this approach showed significant advantages and achieved a detection accuracy of 93.12%,surpassing FCN and U-Net.Moreover,it also exceeded the recall rates for detecting leaks of FCN and U-Net by 8.33%and 8.19%,respectively.

关键词： Visual detection Neural network Health monitoring Image segmentation Water leakage Subway tunnel.

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渊薮与旨归:工程教育与刘仙洲中国机械史研究

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自然辩证法通讯 2024年第4期46卷 121-126页

作者：孙正坤清华大学科学史系北京100084

通过对刘仙洲学术思想逻辑的系统梳理,本文发现工程教育的需要触发了其中国机械史的研究,而中国机械史的研究使刘仙洲领悟到后来人们所称的“李约瑟难题”。刘仙洲关于学者传统与工匠传统的割裂甚至对立阻碍了中国科技发展的观点比“梅... 详细信息

通过对刘仙洲学术思想逻辑的系统梳理,本文发现工程教育的需要触发了其中国机械史的研究,而中国机械史的研究使刘仙洲领悟到后来人们所称的“李约瑟难题”。刘仙洲关于学者传统与工匠传统的割裂甚至对立阻碍了中国科技发展的观点比“梅森命题”早了20余年。刘仙洲没有仅停留在理论探索层面,更提出理论与实践贯通的工读协作制的工程教育主张。可以说,刘仙洲的中国机械史研究来源于工程教育又复归于工程教育。

关键词：刘仙洲工程教育中国机械史研究工读协作制

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集成显著性话语上下文窗口采样方法的长对话摘要生成模型

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北京大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第1期60卷 53-61页

作者：吴杰王鹏鸣熊正坤华东交通大学信息工程学院南昌330013 温州理工学院数据科学与人工智能学院温州325035

针对对话语料的特点,提出一种集成显著性话语上下文窗口采样方法的长对话摘要生成模型。该模型分为两个模块:1)显著性话语上下文窗口采样模块将对话话语进行显著性评估,以显著性话语作为采样锚点,然后设置采样窗口,将采样锚点左右相邻... 详细信息

针对对话语料的特点,提出一种集成显著性话语上下文窗口采样方法的长对话摘要生成模型。该模型分为两个模块:1)显著性话语上下文窗口采样模块将对话话语进行显著性评估,以显著性话语作为采样锚点,然后设置采样窗口,将采样锚点左右相邻的话语一起提取为片段,提取出来的片段包含更丰富的话语关系;2)片段间信息融合摘要生成模块利用Transformer块,将相互独立的片段进行信息融合,加强片段之间的语义关系,并且为片段在生成摘要期间分配混合权重。利用一致性损失机制,鼓励显著性话语上下文窗口采样模块确定更佳的采样锚点。在基于查询的长对话摘要公开数据集QMSum上的实验结果表明,该模型在ROUGE评估指标上的分数高于现有最好的模型。

关键词：长对话摘要窗口采样显著性话语信息融合生成模型

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数字极简主义者享有数字权利吗?——兼论青年低数字欲望生活的规范性理由

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思想战线 2024年第2期50卷 152-164页

作者：王正坤山东青年政治学院政治与公共管理学院山东济南250103

当前社会生活正处在被数字技术深刻影响的时代,数字时代下生活数字化的趋势愈发明显且无法回避。数字极简主义在这一背景下于青年这一数字“原住民”群体中悄然兴起,作为对数字支配与规训的反抗,数字极简主义者以数字功能的最低限度使... 详细信息

当前社会生活正处在被数字技术深刻影响的时代,数字时代下生活数字化的趋势愈发明显且无法回避。数字极简主义在这一背景下于青年这一数字“原住民”群体中悄然兴起,作为对数字支配与规训的反抗,数字极简主义者以数字功能的最低限度使用、数字资产的最大限度清理与数字生活最深层次的断联来实现“数字极简”。但如何处理数字极简主义者的这种情感表达与当前社会适应数字技术发展迭代衍生的数字权利之间的关系值得关注。数字极简主义者通过对数字设备的弃用、数字技术的忽视与数字关系的批判表达了自身对数字权利的主观拒绝,同时通过对数字极简主义者在动机理由、共在方式与生存目标上的剖析,为青年低数字欲望生活找到规范性理由的支撑,从而证成数字极简主义者拒绝数字权利的合理性。

关键词：数字极简主义数字权利数字技术规范性理由

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