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Improving lipid production by Rhodotorula glutinis for renewable fuel production based on machine learning

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 23-35页

作者： Lihe zhang Changwei zhang Xi Zhao Changliu He Xu zhang National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Collage of Life Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 10029China

Microbial lipid fermentation encompasses intricate complex cell growth processes and heavily relies on expert experience for optimal production.Digital modeling of the fermentation process assists researchers in making intelligent decisions,employing logical reasoning and strategic planning to optimize lipid fermentation.It this study,the effects of medium components and concen-trations on lipid fermentation were investigated,first.And then,leveraging the collated data,a variety of machine learning algorithms were used to model and optimize the lipid fermentation process.The models,based on artificial neural networks and support vector machines,achieved R?values all higher than 0.93,ensuring accurate predictions of the fermentation process.Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the respective target parameter,which were affected by the medium components of lipid fermentation.Lastly,single and multi-objective optimiza-tion were conducted for lipid fermentation using the genetic algorithm.Experimental results demonstrated the maximum biomass of 50.3 g·L^(-1) and maximum lipid concentration of 14.1 g:L^(-1) with the error between the experimental and predicted values less than 5%.The results of the multi-objective optimization reveal the synergistic and competitive relationship between biomass,lipid concentration,and conversion rate,which lay a basis for in-depth optimization and amplification.

关键词： microbial lipid machine learning artificial neural network support vector machine genetic algorithm

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From Liquid to Solid‑State Lithium Metal Batteries:Fundamental Issues and Recent Developments

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第2期16卷 68-125页

作者： Zhao zhang Wei‑Qiang Han School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China

The widespread adoption of lithium-ion batteries has been driven by the proliferation of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles,which have increasingly stringent energy density requirements.Lithium metal batteries(LMBs),with their ultralow reduction potential and high theoretical capacity,are widely regarded as the most promising technical pathway for achieving high energy density batteries.In this review,we provide a comprehensive overview of fundamental issues related to high reactivity and migrated interfaces in LMBs.Furthermore,we propose improved strategies involving interface engineering,3D current collector design,electrolyte optimization,separator modification,application of alloyed anodes,and external field regulation to address these challenges.The utilization of solid-state electrolytes can significantly enhance the safety of LMBs and represents the only viable approach for advancing them.This review also encompasses the variation in fundamental issues and design strategies for the transition from liquid to solid electrolytes.Particularly noteworthy is that the introduction of SSEs will exacerbate differences in electrochemical and mechanical properties at the interface,leading to increased interface inhomogeneity—a critical factor contributing to failure in all-solidstate lithium metal batteries.Based on recent research works,this perspective highlights the current status of research on developing high-performance LMBs.

关键词： Lithium metal batteries All-solid-state lithium metal battery Li dendrite Solid electrolyte Interface

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Nanophononic metamaterials induced proximity effect in heat flux regulation

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第2期19卷 149-156页

作者： Jian zhang Haochun zhang Gang zhang School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore 138632Singapore

Recent studies have shown that the construction of nanophononic metamaterials can reduce thermal conductivity without affecting electrical properties,making them promising in many fields of application,such as energy conversion and thermal management.However,although extensive studies have been carried out on thermal conductivity reduction in nanophononic metamaterials,the local heat flux characteristic is still unclear.In this work,we construct a heat flux regulator which includes a silicon nanofilm with silicon pillars.The regulator has remarkable heat flux regulation ability,and various impacts on the regulation ability are explored.Surprisingly,even in the region without nanopillars,the local heat current is still lower than that in pristine silicon nanofilms,reduced by the neighboring nanopillars through the thermal proximity effect.We combine the analysis of the phonon participation ratio with the intensity of localized phonon modes to provide a clear explanation.Our findings not only provide insights into the mechanisms of heat flux regulation by nanophononic metamaterials,but also will open up new research directions to control local heat flux for a broad range of applications,including heat management,thermoelectric energy conversion,thermal cloak,and thermal concentrator.

关键词： nanophononic metamaterials proximity effect

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Upregulation of circ0000381 atienuates microglial/macrophage pyroptosis after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1360-1366页

作者： Yan zhang Wenkai zhang Tao Liu Ziqian Ma Wenxiu zhang Yun Guan Xueming Chen Central Laboratory Beijing Luhe Hospital Capital Medical University Department of Orthopedics Beijing Luhe Hospital Capital Medical University Department of Emergency Medicine Aerospace Center Hospital Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Department of Neurological Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Neuroinflammation exacerbates secondary damage after spinal cord injury, while microglia/macrophage pyroptosis is important to neuroinflammation. Circular RNAs(circRNAs) play a role in the central nervous system. However, the functional role and mechanism of circRNAs in regulating microglia/macrophage pyroptosis after spinal cord injury are still poorly studied. In the present study, we detected microglia/macrophage pyroptosis in a female rat model of spinal cord injury, along with upregulated levels of circ0000381 in the spinal cord. Our further experimental results suggest that circ0000381 may function as a sponge to sequester endogenous microRNA423-3p(miR-423-3p), which can increase the expression of NOD-like receptor 3(NLRP3), a pyroptosis marker. Therefore, upregulation of circ0000381 may be a compensatory change after spinal cord injury to attenuate microglia/macrophage pyroptosis. Indeed, knockdown of circ0000381 expression exacerbated microglia/macrophage pyroptosis. Collectively, our findings provide novel evidence for the upregulation of circ0000381, which may serve as a neuroprotective mechanism to attenuate microglia/macrophage pyroptosis after spinal cord injury. Accordingly, circ0000381 may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of spinal cord injury.

关键词： circ0000381 inflammasome macrophage microglia miR-423-3p neuroinflammation neuroprotection NLRP3 pyroptosis RNA-Seq spinal cord injury

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Optimising multi-vent module-based adaptive ventilation using a novel parameter for improved indoor air quality and health protection

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Building Simulation 2024年第1期17卷 113-130页

作者： Haotian zhang Xiaoxiao Ding Weirong zhang Weijia zhang Yingli Xuan Key Laboratory of Green Built Environment and Energy Efficient Technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Department ofArchitecture TokyoPolytechnic UniversityTokyoJapan

As infectious respiratory diseases are highly transmissible through the air,researchers have improved traditional total volume air distribution systems to reduce infection risk.Multi-vent module-based adaptive ventilation(MAV)is a novel ventilation type that facilitates the switching of inlets and outlets to suit different indoor scenarios without changing ductwork layout.However,little research has evaluated MAV module sizing and air velocity selection,both related to MAV system efficiency in removing contaminants and the corresponding level of protection for occupants in the ventilated room.Therefore,the module-source offset ratio(MSOR)is proposed,based on the MAV module size and its distance from an infected occupant,to inform selection of optimal MAV module parameters.Computational fluid dynamics simulations illustrated contaminant distribution in a two-person MAV equipped office.Discrete phase particles modelled respiratory contaminants from the infected occupant,and contaminant concentration distributions were compared under four MAV air distribution layouts,three air velocities,and three module sizes considered using the MsOR.Results indicate that lower air velocities favour rising contaminant levels,provided the ventilation rate is met.Optimal contaminant discharge can be achieved when the line of outlets is located directly above the infected occupant.Using this parameter to guide MAV system design,85.7% of contaminants may be rendered harmless to the human body within 120 s using the default air vent layout.A more appropriate supply air velocity and air vent layout increases this value to 91.4%.These results are expected to inform the deployment of MAV systems to reduce airborne infection risk.

关键词： multi-vent module-based adaptive ventilation computational fluid dynamics indoor air quality infection control

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Non-isothermal kinetics and characteristics of calcium carbide nitridation reaction with calcium-based additives

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 49-61页

作者： Zhihan zhang Mengxiao Yu Xiaoyu zhang Jinli zhang You Han School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192China

The nitridation reaction of calcium carbide and N_(2) at high temperatures is the key step in the production of lime-nitrogen.However,the challenges faced by this process,such as high energy consumption and poor product quality,are mainly attributed to the lack of profound understanding of the reaction.This study aimed to improve this process by investigating the non-isothermal kinetics and reaction characteristics of calcium carbide nitridation reaction at different heating rates(10,15,20,and 30℃·min^(-1))using thermogravimetric analysis.The kinetic equation for the nitridation reaction of additive-free calcium carbide sample was obtained by combining model-free methods and model-fitting method.The effect of different calcium-based additives(CaCl_(2) and CaF_(2))on the reaction was also investigated.The results showed that the calcium-based additives significantly reduced reaction temperature and activation energy E_(a) by about 40% with CaF_(2) and by 55%-60% with CaCl_(2).The reaction model f(α)was also changed from contracting volume(R3)to 3-D diffusion models with D3 for CaCl_(2) and D4 for CaF_(2).This study provides valuable information on the mechanism and kinetics of calcium carbide nitridation reaction and new insights into the improvement of the lime-nitrogen process using calcium-based additives.

关键词： lime-nitrogen calcium carbide calciumbased additive thermogravimetric analysis nonisothermal kinetics

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Protective Effects of Phellodendron Species on Bone Health: A Novel Perspective on Their Potentials in Treating Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期30卷 379-384页

作者： XIN Li TAN Guo-yao zhang Qiang zhang Qun Good Clinical Practice Development Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou(510630)China Department of Pharmacy Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou(510120)China

Phellodendron(PN)species,traditionally used in Chinese medicine for centuries,hold promise as a potential treatment for osteoporosis(OP)and osteoarthritis(OA)due to their bioactive compounds.The bioactive compounds,including berberine and palmatine,exhibit anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and bone-protective properties,contributing to their potential therapeutic benefits in promoting bone health and preventing bone loss.However,challenges such as the need for standardized preparation and dosing,limited clinical studies,and potential interactions with other medications hinder their clinical use.Nonetheless,the rich history of PN species in Chinese medicine provides a promising foundation for future investigation into their potential as alternative treatments for OP and OA.Further research is needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms of action and explore the clinical implications of PN for bone health.

关键词： Phellodendron species bone health osteoporosis osteoarthritis review

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高压蒸发器翅片管的开裂失效分析

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热加工工艺 2022年第18期51卷 161-164页

作者：李天夫屈伸田继丰张哲峰中国科学院金属研究所辽宁沈阳110016

某公司使用的无补燃余热锅炉在停机检查时,发现高压蒸发器某排某段翅片管发生开裂。对开裂管段进行了宏观观察和扫描电镜观察,分析了材料的金相组织和化学成分。结果表明:管内壁一侧存在较多蚀坑和多条裂纹,裂纹上均有较大面积的蚀坑;... 详细信息

某公司使用的无补燃余热锅炉在停机检查时,发现高压蒸发器某排某段翅片管发生开裂。对开裂管段进行了宏观观察和扫描电镜观察,分析了材料的金相组织和化学成分。结果表明:管内壁一侧存在较多蚀坑和多条裂纹,裂纹上均有较大面积的蚀坑;蚀坑内的腐蚀产物为氧化物和氯化物,金相显示裂纹起源于蚀坑,扩展过程中无分叉,裂纹为穿晶形貌。确定翅片管发生的开裂为腐蚀疲劳。

关键词：高压蒸发器翅片管 20G 腐蚀疲劳

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大变形量高强高导Al-Mg-Si合金线的腐蚀机制研究

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中国腐蚀与防护学报 2022年第6期42卷 1002-1008页

作者：李凤铭侯嘉鹏谢光宗吴细毛王强张哲峰郑州大学河南先进技术研究院郑州450001 中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心材料使役行为研究部沈阳110016 中国华能集团有限公司东北分公司沈阳110167 辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院沈阳110006

采用浸泡腐蚀实验和电化学实验相结合的方法,研究了长距离架空导线用高强高导Al-Mg-Si合金线的腐蚀行为与机制。结果表明:经过20 d的浸泡腐蚀,受Al-Fe-Si相和富Si相与基体α相之间微电偶作用,腐蚀首先在Al-Fe-Si相和富Si相与基体α相界... 详细信息

采用浸泡腐蚀实验和电化学实验相结合的方法,研究了长距离架空导线用高强高导Al-Mg-Si合金线的腐蚀行为与机制。结果表明:经过20 d的浸泡腐蚀,受Al-Fe-Si相和富Si相与基体α相之间微电偶作用,腐蚀首先在Al-Fe-Si相和富Si相与基体α相界面开始,随着腐蚀的发展Al-Fe-Si相和富Si相剥落形成点蚀。统计数据表明:Al-Mg-Si合金线变形量越大,Al-Fe-Si相和富Si相平均颗粒尺寸越小,最大平均点蚀深度越小。可见,Al-Fe-Si相和富Si相尺寸是影响Al-Mg-Si合金线点蚀的关键因素。

关键词：架空导线高强高导铝合金线腐蚀析出相变形量

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Dilute Aqueous-Aprotic Electrolyte Towards Robust Zn-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor with High Operation Voltage and Long Lifespan

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 1-12页

作者： Shuilin Wu Yibing Yang Mingzi Sun Tian zhang Shaozhuan Huang Daohong zhang Bolong Huang Pengfei Wang Wenjun zhang Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education&Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science South-Central Minzu UniversityWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Center of Super‑Diamond and Advanced FilmsCity University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloon TongHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China

With the merits of the high energy density of batteries and power density of supercapacitors,the aqueous Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors emerge as a promising candidate for applications where both rapid energy delivery and moderate energy storage are required.However,the narrow electrochemical window of aqueous electrolytes induces severe side reactions on the Zn metal anode and shortens its lifespan.It also limits the operation voltage and energy density of the Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors.Using'water in salt'electrolytes can effectively broaden their electrochemical windows,but this is at the expense of high cost,low ionic conductivity,and narrow temperature compatibility,compromising the electrochemical performance of the Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors.Thus,designing a new electrolyte to balance these factors towards high-performance Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors is urgent and necessary.We developed a dilute water/acetonitrile electrolyte(0.5 m Zn(CF_(3)SO_(3))_(2)+1 m LiTFSI-H_(2)O/AN)for Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors,which simultaneously exhibited expanded electrochemical window,decent ionic conductivity,and broad temperature compatibility.In this electrolyte,the hydration shells and hydrogen bonds are significantly modulated by the acetonitrile and TFSI-anions.As a result,a Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor with such an electrolyte demonstrates a high operating voltage up to 2.2 V and long lifespan beyond 120,000 cycles.

关键词： Zn-ion supercapacitors Zn metal anode Electrolyte engineering Hydrogen bonds Solvation structures

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