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Characterization of odorous charge and photochemical reactivity of VOC emissions from a full-scale food waste treatment plant in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第3期27卷 34-44页

作者： zhe ni Jianguo Liu Mingying Song Xiaowei Wang Lianhai Ren Xin Kong School of Environment Tsinghua University Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety Ministry of Education School of Food and Chemical Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University

Food waste treatment plants （FWTPs） are usually associated with odorous nuisance and health risks, which are partially caused by volatile organic compound （VOC） emissions. This study investigated the VOC emissions from a selected full-scale FWTP in China. The feedstock used in this plant was mainly collected from local restaurants. For a year, the FWTP was closely monitored on specific days in each season. Four major indoor treatment units of the plant, including the storage room, sorting/crushing room, hydrothermal hydrolysis unit, and aerobic fermentation unit, were chosen as the monitoring locations. The highest mean concentration of total VOC emissions was observed in the aerobic fermentation unit at 21,748.2-31,283.3 μg/m^3, followed by the hydrothermal hydrolysis unit at 10,798.1-23,144.4 μg/m^3. The detected VOC families included biogenic compounds （oxygenated compounds, hydrocarbons, terpenes, and organosulfur compounds） and abiogenic compounds （aromatic hydrocarbons and halocarbons）. Oxygenated compounds, particularly alcohols, were the most abundant compounds in all samples. With the use of odor index analysis and principal components analysis, the hydrothermal hydrolysis and aerobic fermentation units were clearly distinguished from the pre-treatment units, as characterized by their higher contributions to odorous nuisance. Methanthiol was the dominant odorant in the hydrothermal hydrolysis unit, whereas aldehyde was the dominant odorant in the aerobic fermentation unit. Terpenes, specifically limonene, had the highest level of propylene equivalent concentration during the monitoring periods. This concentration can contribute to the increase in the atmospheric reactivity and ozone formation potential in the surrounding air.

关键词： Food waste treatment plant In-situ monitoring VOC emissions Odorous charge Photochemical reactivity

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Enhancing Isolated Ti(Ⅳ) Framework Sites in HMS

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2007年第2期23卷 127-130页

作者： YU Wei-hua ZHOU Chun-hui ni zhe-ming GE Zhong-hua College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310024 P. R. China

Ti-HMS materials were prepared by grafting titanocene onto the inner wails of hexagonal mesoporous silica （HMS）. The materials were characterized via powder X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy, and thermo-gravimetric analysis. The template of HMS was removed by calcination, ethanol-extraction, and ethanol-extraction followed by hydrolysis. The available grafting sites of OH groups depend on the different template removal methods of HMS. Ethanol-extraction followed by hydrolysis favors site-isolated Ti atoms in HMS. The catalytic performances of Ti-HMS materials were tested in the oxidation of 4-tert-butyholuene with aqueous hydrogen peroxide. Ti-HMS prepared from HMS via the processing of ethanol-extraction followed by hydrolysis as support gave a maximum conversion of 7. 5% and a complete selectivity to 4-tert-butyl-benzaldehyde, and showed a higher activity compared with those prepared by calcination and ethanol-extraction.

关键词： Ti-HMS Grafting Oxidation 4-tert-Butyltoluene

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Lift system optimization for hover-capable flapping wing micro air vehicle

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第3期19卷 61-75页

作者： Shengjie XIAO Yongqi SHI Zemin WANG zhe ni Yuhang zheNG Huichao DENG Xilun DING Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China

A key challenge is using bionic mechanisms to enhance aerodynamic performance of hover-capable flapping wing micro air vehicle(FWMAV).This paper presented a new lift system with high lift and aerodynamic efficiency,which use a hummingbird as a bionic *** new lift system is able to effectively utilize the high lift mechanism of hummingbirds,and this study innovatively utilizes elastic energy storage elements and installs them at the wing root to help improve aerodynamic performance.A flapping angle of 154°is achieved through the optimization of the flapping mechanism *** optimized wing shape and parameters are obtained through experimental studies on the ***,the max net lift generated is 17.6%of the flapping wing vehicle’s ***,energy is stored and released periodically during the flapping cycle,by imitating the musculoskeletal system at the wing roots of hummingbirds,thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the FWMAV and reducing power consumption by 4.5%under the same ***,strength verification and modal analyses are conducted on the flapping mechanism,and the weight of the flapping mechanism is reduced through the analysis and testing of different *** results show that the lift system can generate a stable lift of 31.98 g with a wingspan of 175 mm,while the lift system weighs only 10.5 g,providing aerodynamic conditions suitable for high maneuverability flight of FWMAVs.

关键词： lift optimization flapping wing elastic energy hovering flapping mechanism

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Adsorption and Decarbonylation Reaction of Furfural on the Pd(111) and M/Pd(111)(M=ni, Cu and Ru) Surfaces

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2019年第2期38卷 211-223,166页

作者： XIA Sheng-Jie FANG Lei QIAN Meng-Dan MENG Yue ni zhe-Ming Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology School of Life Sciences Huzhou University

By performing with density functional theory(DFT) method, the detailed adsorption process and the catalytic decarbonylation mechanisms of furfural over Pd(111) and M/Pd(111)(M = ni, Cu, Ru) surfaces toward furan were clarified. The results of atomic size factor, formation energy and d-band center showed that Ru/Pd(111) surface was the most stable and active. The adsorption energies of furfural on the different surfaces followed the order Ru/Pd(111) > Cu/Pd(111) > Pd(111) > ni/Pd(111). After analyzing Mulliken atomic charge population and the deformation density, we can find that on Ru/Pd(111) surface, the number of charge transfer was the most and the interaction was the strongest. Therefore, its adsorption energy was the highest. Furthermore, the furfural decarbonylation pathway is more kinetically feasible on bimetallic surface, and the reaction is the most likely to occur on Ru/Pd(111).

关键词： density functional theory furfural Pd(111) bimetallic catalyst adsorption decarbonylation mechanism

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含Cu水滑石的结构与光催化性能

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高等学校化学学报 2013年第3期34卷 503-508页

作者：倪哲明薛继龙浙江工业大学化学工程与材料学院杭州310014

采用双滴共沉淀法合成出不同投料摩尔比的碳酸根型水滑石,并用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)等对其进行表征,研究了其结构和性质.通过考察水滑石层板中金属阳离子比例和种类的变化对光催化的影响,发现掺入合适比例... 详细信息

采用双滴共沉淀法合成出不同投料摩尔比的碳酸根型水滑石,并用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)等对其进行表征,研究了其结构和性质.通过考察水滑石层板中金属阳离子比例和种类的变化对光催化的影响,发现掺入合适比例的Cu阳离子可使水滑石(LDH)的光催化活性有所提高.同时用n(Cu)∶n(Mg)∶n(Al)=2∶1∶1的LDH对50 mL初始浓度为10μmol/L的罗丹明B(RhB)溶液进行光催化实验,发现在13℃(通循环水)、pH=7.84的条件下,150 mg LDHs对罗丹明B的降解率达到85.2%,并且光催化降解量所占比重在50%以上.此外,探讨了光催化过程的动力学和光催化降解机理,发现光催化降解过程符合准二级动力学方程.

关键词：水滑石光催化罗丹明B 动力学

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Structure and Properties of Hydrotalcite Using Electrostatic Potential Energy Model

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2006年第3期19卷 277-280页

作者： zhe-ming ni Guo-xiang Pan Li-geng Wang Wei-hua Yu Cai-ping Fang Dan Li College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310032 China

The electrostatic potential energy model of hydrotalcites was based on the theory of crystallography. The anionic potential energy of MgAl-hydrotalcites, with 20 layers and 2107 anions per layer, was calculated, and the anionic stability of the hydrotalcites was investigated. The charge density of the layer and the distance between the adjacent anions varied with the molar ratio of Al^3＋/（Mg^2＋＋ Al^3＋）. Anionic potential energy depended on the charge and size of the anions. Calculation results remained consistent with thermal stability and the ion exchange ability reported. This model is able to predict anionic stability of the hydrotalcites.

关键词： Hydrotalcite Electrostatic potential energy model Thermal stability Ion exchange

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洱源5.5级地震前后地磁场变化异常特征分析

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地震研究 2014年第3期37卷 426-432页

作者：倪喆云南省地震局云南昆明650224

利用2013年3月3日洱源5.5级地震前后所获得的2种流动地磁资料,分析了地磁总强度与矢量观测的异常变化特征。(1)地磁总强度观测结果表明:地震前,测区内相邻期总强度变化的正负值区大致均衡,逐渐演变为整个测区都是正值并出现高梯度带,正... 详细信息

利用2013年3月3日洱源5.5级地震前后所获得的2种流动地磁资料,分析了地磁总强度与矢量观测的异常变化特征。(1)地磁总强度观测结果表明:地震前,测区内相邻期总强度变化的正负值区大致均衡,逐渐演变为整个测区都是正值并出现高梯度带,正值的高梯度带再演变为正负值交界的高梯度带,此时震中位于正值高梯度带的边缘;地震后,正负值交界的高梯度带远离震中,正负值区又大致均衡;(2)地磁矢量观测结果表明:地震前,岩石圈磁场变化的水平矢量、垂直矢量在震区均有显著差异,磁偏角、磁倾角和总强度变化的零等变线均在震区周边穿过;地震后,岩石圈磁场变化的水平、垂直矢量在震区的显著差异消失,磁偏角和总强度在震区正负值交界的高梯度带逐渐消失,磁偏角的零等变线在震区未出现。

关键词：流动地磁地磁总强度地磁矢量洱源地震

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A Scd1-mediated metabolic alteration participates in liver responses to low-dose bavachin

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2023年第7期13卷 806-816页

作者： Pan Shen Zhi-Jie Bai Lei Zhou ning-ning Wang zhe-Xin ni De-Zhi Sun Cong-Shu Huang Yang-Yi Hu Cheng-Rong Xiao Wei Zhou Bo-Li Zhang Yue Gao Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Beijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijing100850China State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin301617China

Hepatotoxicity induced by bioactive constituents in traditional Chinese medicines or herbs,such as bavachin(BV)in Fructus Psoraleae,has a prolonged latency to overt drug-induced liver injury in the *** studies have described BV-induced liver damage and underlying toxicity mechanisms,but little attention has been paid to the deciphering of organisms or cellular responses to BV at no-observed-adverse-effect level,and the underlying molecular mechanisms and specific indicators are also lacking during the asymptomatic phase,making it much harder for early recognition of ***,we treated mice with BV for 7 days and did not detect any abnormalities in biochemical tests,but found subtle steatosis in BV-treated *** then profiled the gene expression of hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells at single-cell resolution and discovered three types of hepatocyte subsets in the BV-treated *** these,the hepa3 subtype suffered from a vast alteration in lipid metabolism,which was characterized by enhanced expression of apolipoproteins,carboxylesterases,and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1(Scd1).In particular,increased Scd1 promoted monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFAs)synthesis and was considered to be related to BV-induced steatosis and polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)generation,which participates in the initiation of ***,we demonstrated that multiple intrinsic transcription factors,including Srebf1 and Hnf4a,and extrinsic signals from niche cells may regulate the above-mentioned molecular events in BV-treated ***,our study deciphered the features of hepatocytes in response to BV insult,decoded the underlying molecular mechanisms,and suggested that Scd1 could be a hub molecule for the prediction of hepatotoxicity at an early stage.

关键词： Bavachin Hepatotoxicity Scd1 Lipid metabolism Single-cell RNA-Seq

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Network pharmacological study of Zuogui pill and Yougui pill for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis

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Aging Communications 2022年第3期4卷 4-13页

作者： Jie Ding Shan-Shan Mei zhe-Xin ni Chao-Qin Yu Department of TCM Gynecology School of Traditional Chinese MedicineNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200433China

Background:Postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMO)is the most common primary osteoporosis in older *** condition imposes a huge economic and medical burden on *** from western medicine,traditional Chinese medicine is also widely used for the treatment of PMO,especially in Asian *** pill(ZGP)and Yougui pill(YGP)are classical formulas for the treatment of PMO with potent clinical *** study aimed to explore the potential active compounds,potential targets,and potential mechanisms of ZGP and YGP for the treatment of ***:Compounds from ZGP and YGP were collected from three online databases,and these compounds were screened by oral bioavailability and *** corresponding targets were determined from the Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis *** corresponding targets for PMO were obtained from two disease *** target protein-protein interaction was identified through the STRING platforms and the core targets were ascertained by analyzing the protein-protein interaction network by using Cytoscape ***-related genes were identified via Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses to identify specific biological processes,cellular components,molecular functions and key signalling pathways of ZGP and YGP for PMO ***:A total of 68 compounds were screened from ZGP with 168 putative potential target genes,whereas 99 compounds were screened from YGP with 214 potential target genes associated with *** of the core components included quercetin and kaempferol,and most of the core targets were TP53,AKT1,MAPK1,JUN,TNF,HSP90AA1,APP,IL6,VEGFA,RELA,MAPK8,NR3C1,EGFR,CXCL8,ESR1,FOS and *** Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses revealed that ZGP and YGP treat PMO primarily via regulation of bone formation and resorption,anti-inflammatory immunity and hormonal ***:Our data provided insights i

关键词： Zuogui pill Yougui pill postmenopausal osteoporosis network pharmacological

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含水Mg_3Al-LDH-Cl的电子结构与成键特征

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化学学报 2011年第24期69卷 2947-2954页

作者：曹根庭胥倩倪哲明浙江海洋学院海洋科学与技术学院舟山316004 杭州师范大学有机硅化学及材料技术教育部重点实验室杭州310012 浙江工业大学化学工程与材料科学学院杭州310014

建立了Mg3Al-LDH-Cl-nH2O(n=0～2)双层周期性计算模型.选用密度泛函理论-赝势平面波法CASTEP,从原子轨道布居、Mulliken电荷布居、态密度(DOS)等方面,计算研究了含层间水情况下体系的电子结构及成键特征,并探求了层间水分子含量及水分... 详细信息

建立了Mg3Al-LDH-Cl-nH2O(n=0～2)双层周期性计算模型.选用密度泛函理论-赝势平面波法CASTEP,从原子轨道布居、Mulliken电荷布居、态密度(DOS)等方面,计算研究了含层间水情况下体系的电子结构及成键特征,并探求了层间水分子含量及水分子的电子屏蔽效应对Mg3Al-LDH-Cl-nH2O材料电子结构的影响.结果表明体系层板上M—O同时具有共价键与离子键两种特征,主客体之间以静电作用为主,而层间客体之间的相互作用以氢键作用为主.层间H2O的电子屏蔽作用主要表现为对层间阴离子的影响以及对层板上二价金属阳离子的影响.主体层板的电价成分和层间域的共价成分均随着水分子数目的增加而增加.

关键词：层状双金属氢氧化物电子结构成键特征密度泛函理论

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