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Application of AI and IoT in Clinical Medicine:Summary and Challenges

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Current Medical Science 2021年第6期41卷 1134-1150页

作者： zhao-xia lu Peng QIAN Dan BI Zhe-wei YE Xuan HE Yu-hong zhao Lei SU Si-liang LI Zheng-long ZHU Neusoft Hifly Medical Technology Co. LtdShenyang 110179China Department of Orthopedics Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China College of Medicine&Biological Information Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110169China Department of Clinical Epidemiology Clinical Research CenterShengjing HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110004China

The application of artificial intelligence(AI)technology in the medical field has experienced a long history of *** turn,some long-standing points and challenges in the medical field have also prompted diverse research teams to continue to explore AI in *** the development of advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things(IoT),cloud computing,big data,and 5G mobile networks,AI technology has been more widely adopted in the medical *** addition,the in-depth integration of AI and IoT technology enables the gradual improvement of medical diagnosis and treatment capabilities so as to provide services to the public in a more effective *** this work,we examine the technical basis of IoT,cloud computing,big data analysis and machine learning involved in clinical medicine,combined with concepts of specific algorithms such as activity recognition,behavior recognition,anomaly detection,assistant decision-making system,to describe the scenario-based applications of remote diagnosis and treatment collaboration,neonatal intensive care unit,cardiology intensive care unit,emergency first aid,venous thromboembolism,monitoring nursing,image-assisted diagnosis,*** also systematically summarize the application of AI and IoT in clinical medicine,analyze the main challenges thereof,and comment on the trends and future developments in this field.

关键词： artificial intelligence Internet of Things big data cloud computing clinical medicine

The effect of fine grits and fine debris concentrations on the MLVSS/MLSS ratio of an activated sludge system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 607-616页

作者： zhao Jiang Zhiheng xia Shuai Liu QiWei Haitao Fan lu Qi Guohua Liu Hongchen Wang Low-carbon Water Environment Technology Research Center School of Environment&Natural ResourcesRenmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China

This study embarks on an explorative investigation into the effects of typical concentrations and varying particle sizes of fine grits(FG,the involatile portion of suspended solids)and fine debris(FD,the volatile yet unbiodegradable fraction of suspended solids)within the influent on themixed liquor volatile suspended solids(MLVSS)/mixed liquor suspended solids(MLSS)ratio of an activated sludge *** meticulous experimentation,it was discerned that the addition of FG or FD,the particle size of FG,and the concentration of FD bore no substantial impact on the pollutant removal efficiency(denoted by the removal rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen)under constant operational ***,a notable decrease in the MLVSS/MLSS ratio was observed with a typical FG concentration of 20 mg/L,with smaller FG particle sizes exacerbating this ***,variations in FD concentrations influenced both MLSS andMLVSS/MLSS ratios;a higher FD concentration led to an increased MLSS and a reduced MLVSS/MLSS ratio,indicating FD accumulation in the system.A predictive model for MLVSS/MLSS was constructed based on quality balance calculations,offering a tool for foreseeing the MLVSS/MLSS ratio under stable long-term influent conditions of FG and *** model,validated using data from the BXH wastewater treatment plant(WWTP),showcased remarkable accuracy.

关键词： Fine grits and fine debris Activated sludge system MLVSS/MLSS ratio Predictive model

xiangshao Granules Ameliorate Post-stroke Depression by Inhibiting Activation of Microglia and IDO1 Expression in Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2025年第1期31卷 28-38页

作者： LI Cheng-gang XU lu-shan SUN Liang XU Yu-hao CAO xiang zhao Chen-chen xia Sheng-nan ZHANG Qing-xiu XU Yun Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing210008China State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases Nanjing UniversityNanjing210008China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing210008China Nanjing Neurology Medical Center Nanjing210008China

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of xiangshao Granules(XSG)on post-stroke depression(PSD)and explore the underlying *** Forty-three C57BL/6J mice were divided into 3 groups:sham(n=15),PSD+vehicle(n=14),and PSD+XSG(n=14)groups according to a random number *** PSD models were constructed using chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)after middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO).The sham group only experienced the same surgical operation,but without MACO and CUMS *** XSG group received XSG(60 mg/kg per day)by gavage for 4 *** mice in the sham and vehicle groups were given the same volume of 0.9%saline at the same *** body weight and behavior tests including open field test,sucrose preference test,tail suspension test,and elevated plus-maze test,were used to validate the PSD mouse ***-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of *** potential molecular mechanisms were explored and verified through network pharmacology analysis,Nissl staining,Western blot,ELISA,and RT-qPCR,*** The body weight and behavior tests showed that MCAO combined with CUMS successfully established the PSD *** alleviated neuronal damage,reduced the expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins Caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL-2)-associated X(BAX),and increased the expression of anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2 in PSD mice(Pluding tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-1β,and IL-6 via the toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway in PSD mice(Plusion XSG could reverse

关键词： post-stroke depression xiangshao Granules indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 Chinese medicine

Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第11期126卷 2045-2048页

作者： TAN Song NIU Hui-xia zhao lu GAO Yuan lu Jia-meng SHI Chang-he Chandra Avinash WANG Rui-hao XU Yu-ming Department of Neurology First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450052 China

Background The Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia （SARA） was shown to be a reliable and valid measurement for patients with spinocerebellar ataxia （SCA）. The Brazilian version and the Japanese version of SARA were favorable for good reliability and validity. This study aimed to translate SARA into Chinese and test its reliability and validity in measurement of cerebellar ataxia. Methods SARA was translated into Chinese. A total 39 patients with degeneration cerebellar ataxia were evaluated independently by two neurologists with the Chinese version of SARA. Then the patients were evaluated by one of above neurologists with International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale （ICARS）. The statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 17.0 for Windows. Results The Cronbach＇s alpha coefficient of the Chinese version of SARA was 0.78, which represents a good internal consistence. The correlation coefficient of the Chinese version of SARA scores between the two evaluators was 0.86, illustrating that the inter-rater reliability of Chinese version of SARA was good. The correlation coefficient between the Chinese version of SARA and ICARS was 0.91, illustrating that the criterion validity of Chinese version of SARA was not bad. Conclusions The Chinese version of SARA is reliable and effective for the assessment of degeneration cerebellar ataxia. Compared with ICARS, the evaluation of Chinese version of SARA is more objective, the assessment time is shortened, and the maneuverability is better.

关键词： Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale reliability validity

Dynamic compressive characteristics of a green sandstone under coupled hydraulic-mechanical loading: Experiments and theoretical modeling

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2025年第1期17卷 126-138页

作者： Bangbiao Wu Geli zhao Ying Xu Kaiwen xia State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation School of Civil EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Yalong River Hydropower Development Company Ltd.Chengdu610065China Institute of Geosafety China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China

Deep rock is under a complex geological environment with high geo-stress, high pore pressure, and strong dynamic disturbance. Understanding the dynamic response of rocks under coupled hydraulic-mechanical loading is thus essential in evaluating the stability and safety of subterranean engineering structures. Nevertheless, the constraints in experimental techniques have led to limited prior investigations into the dynamic compression behavior of rocks subjected to simultaneous high in-situ stress and pore pressure conditions. This study utilizes a triaxial split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system in conjunction with a pore pressure loading cell to conduct dynamic experiments on rocks subjected to hydraulic-mechanical loading. A porous green sandstone (GS) was adopted as the testing rock material. The findings reveal that the dynamic behavior of rock specimens is significantly influenced by multiple factors, including the loading rate, confining stress, and pore pressure. Specifically, the dynamic compressive strength of GS exhibits an increase with higher loading rates and greater confining pressures, while it decreases with elevated pore pressure. Moreover, the classical Ashby-Sammis micromechanical model was augmented to account for dynamic loading and pore pressure considerations. By deducing the connection between crack length and damage evolution, the resulting law of crack expansion rate is related to the strain rate. In addition, the influence of hydraulic factors on the stress intensity factor at the crack tip is introduced. Thereby, a dynamic constitutive model for deep rocks under coupled hydraulic-mechanical loading was established and then validated against the experimental results. Subsequently, the characteristics of introduced parameter for quantifying the water-induced effects were carefully discussed.

关键词： Deep rock Split hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) Compressive behavior Pore pressure Coupled hydraulic-mechanical loading

Subretinal fibrosis secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration:mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 378-393页

作者： Jingxiang Zhang xia Sheng Quanju Ding Yujun Wang Jiwei zhao Jingfa Zhang Department of Ophthalmology People’s Hospital of Huangdao DistrictQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina Department of Urology People’s Hospital of Huangdao DistrictQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital(Shanghai First People’s Hospital)Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus DiseasesShanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye DiseasesShanghaiChina

Subretinal fibrosis is the end-stage sequelae of neovascular age-related macular *** causes local damage to photoreceptors,retinal pigment epithelium,and choroidal vessels,which leads to permanent central vision loss of patients with neovascular age-related macular *** pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis is complex,and the underlying mechanisms are largely ***,there are no effective treatment options.A thorough understanding of the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis and its related mechanisms is important to elucidate its complications and explore potential *** current article reviews several aspects of subretinal fibrosis,including the current understanding on the relationship between neovascular age-related macular degeneration and subretinal fibrosis;multimodal imaging techniques for subretinal fibrosis;animal models for studying subretinal fibrosis;cellular and non-cellular constituents of subretinal fibrosis;pathophysiological mechanisms involved in subretinal fibrosis,such as aging,infiltration of macrophages,different sources of mesenchymal transition to myofibroblast,and activation of complement system and immune cells;and several key molecules and signaling pathways participating in the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis,such as vascular endothelial growth factor,connective tissue growth factor,fibroblast growth factor 2,platelet-derived growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β,transforming growth factor-βsignaling pathway,Wnt signaling pathway,and the axis of heat shock protein 70-Toll-like receptors 2/*** review will improve the understanding of the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis,allow the discovery of molecular targets,and explore potential treatments for the management of subretinal fibrosis.

关键词： choroidal neovascularization epithelial-mesenchymal transition mesenchymal transition myofibroblast neovascular age-related macular degeneration submacular fibrosis subretinal fibrosis therapeutic targets transforming growth factor-β vascular endothelial growth factor

Prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction following severe burns: A summary of recent 30-year clinical experience

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第20期14卷 3231-3235页

作者： Shi-Chu xiao Shi-Hui Zhu zhao-Fan xia Wei lu Guang-Qing Wang Dao-Feng Ben Guang-Yi Wang Da-Sheng Cheng Department of Burn Surgery Changhai HospitalSecond Military Medical University 174 Changhai RoadShanghai 200433 China

AIM： To sum up the recent 30-year experience in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction in severe burn patients, and propose practicable guidelines for the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal （GI） dysfunction. METHODS： From 1980 to 2007, a total of 219 patients with large area and extraordinarily large area burns （LAB） were admitted, who were classified into three stages according the therapeutic protocols used at the time： Stage 1 from 1980 to 1989, stage 2 from 1990 to 1995, and stage 3 from 1996 to 2007. The occurrence and mortality of GI dysfunction in patients of the three stages were calculated and the main causes were analyzed. RESULTS： The occurrence of stress ulcer in patients with LAB was 8.6% in stage 1, which was significantly Dower than that in stage 1 （P 〈 0.05）. No massive hemorrhage from severe stress ulcer and enterogenic infections occurred in stages 2 and 3. The occurrence of abdominal distension and stress ulcer and the mortality in stage 3 patients with extraordinarily LAB was 7.1%, 21.4% and 28.5%, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in stage 1 patients （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）, and the occurrence of stress ulcer was also significantly lower than that in stage 2 patients （P 〈 0.05）. CONCluSION： Comprehensive fluid resuscitation, early excision of necrotic tissue, staged food ingestion, and administration of specific nutrients are essential strategies for preventing gastrointestinal complications and lowering mortality in severely burned patients.

关键词： Severe burn Gastrointestinal function Fluid resuscitation Staged food ingestion

Numerical Simulation of Flow and Temperature Distribution in a Bottom-Blown Copper Bath

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2025年第1期21卷 121-140页

作者： Teng xia xiaohui Zhang Ding Ma Zhi Yang Xinting Tong Yutang zhao Hua Wang State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093China Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093China Yimen COPPER Corp.Ltd Yuxi651100China Daye Nonferrous Metallurgical Ltd. Huangshi435000China

Smelting with oxygen bottom blowing is one of the main methods used in the frame of copper *** this approach,feed materials and oxygen-enriched air are introduced in reversed order to enhance multiphaseflow within the *** the flow structure and temperature distribution in this setup is crucial foroptimizing *** this study,gas-liquid interactions,and temperature profiles under varying air-injectionconditions are examined by means of numerical simulation for a 3.2 m×20 m *** results indicate that thehigh-velocity regions are essentially distributed near the lance within the reaction region and the flue gas outlet,while low-velocity regions are located close to the furnace walls on both side of the reaction *** regionsappear in the sedimentation region,with gas velocities surpassing those of the molten *** the injection rateincreases from 0.50 to 0.80 Nm3/s,the stabilization time of the average liquid surface velocity decreases from 2.6 sto 1.9 s,exhibiting a similar trend to the gas *** stabilization,the average liquid surface velocity risesfrom 0.505 to 0.702 m/*** average turbulent kinetic energy(TKE)of the fluid in the molten bath increases from0.095 to 0.162 m^(2)/s^(2).The proportion of the area distribution with TKE greater than 0.10 m^(2)/s^(2) and the gas holdupat steady state both rise with an increase in the injection *** maximum splashing height of the melt growsfrom approximately 0.756 to 1.154 m,with the affected area expanding from 14.239 to 20.498 m^(2).Under differentworking conditions with varying injection quantities,the average temperature changes in melt zone and flue gaszone of the furnace are *** temperature in the melt and in the flue-gas zone spans the interval 1200℃–1257℃,and 1073℃–1121℃,*** temperature distribution of the melt and flue gas reveals a patterncharacterized by elevated temperatures in the reaction zone,gradually transitioning

关键词： Copper smelting bottom-blown melting furnace flow characteristics temperature distribution numerical simulation

Orbitronics for energy-efficient magnetization switching

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 398-399页

作者： Yuxuan YAO Daoqian ZHU Qingtao xia Jianing LIANG Yuhao JIANG Zhiyang PENG Jiaxu LI Chen xiaO Renyou XU Wenwen WANG xiantao SHANG Shiyang lu Dapeng ZHU Hong-Xi LIU Kaihua CAO Weisheng zhao Fert Beijing Institute School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering Beihang University National Key Lab of Spintronics Institute of International Innovation Beihang University Qingdao Research Institute Beihang University Truth Memory Corporation

Spin-orbit torque （SOT）,as a promising writing method for magnetic random-access memory （MRAM）,has garnered widespread interest for over a decade [1].Heavy metals,such as β-W,have been broadly adopted as spin current sources,but suffer from phase change at a limited thickness,resulting in a dramatic reduction of the charge-tospin conversion efficiency θSH[2].The thickness limitation leads to stringent etching conditions and large distribution among devices,posing challenges for simultaneously satisfying SOT efficiency,etching-stop margins,and back-end-ofline （BEOL） compatibility.

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