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Marine dispersion of Fukushima-derived radiocesium in the North Pacific and its implications

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第2期68卷 389-406页

作者： tong zhang Xiaolin HOU Yukun faN State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and ApplicationXi’an AMS CenterInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Xi’an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research Xi’an 710061China

A key scientific approach to addressing the environmental radiation risks from Fukushima nuclear contaminated water(FNCW) discharge into the ocean is understanding and predicting the marine dispersion of *** dispersion of radiocesium(CsF:134Cs,137Cs) from the Fukushima nuclear accident in the North Pacific and its marginal seas post-2011 was systematically summarized,focusing on pathways,vertical distribution changes,and transit *** research examined CsFdispersion through the Kuroshio Extension and denser central mode water(D-CMW) to the eastern North Pacific,as well as through subtropical mode water(STMW),lighter central mode water(L-CMW),and D-CMW to the subtropical western North Pacific,China Seas,and Sea of *** considered broader implications of CsFdispersion in light of ongoing FNCW *** this prolonged liquid discharge and Kuroshio Extension’s barrier effect,it is crucial to emphasize the role of CMW besides STMW in transporting FNCW to the subtropical western North Pacific and its marginal *** research should focus on the key mechanism and longitude range of CMW crossing the Kuroshio *** short-lived134Cs decays rapidly during the storage and dispersion of FNCW,long-lived135Cs and135Cs/137Cs ratios can serve as valuable tracers for detecting and quantifying ***,there is an urgent need for high-precision analysis of these key radionuclides and their characteristic *** promptly detect,assess,and respond to FNCW intrusion,continuous monitoring and identification of nuclear pollution sources in key ocean currents and straits are ***,interdisciplinary research integrating monitoring with marginal sea circulation dynamics and high-resolution numerical simulations should be a priority.

关键词： Fukushima nuclear accident Fukushima nuclear contaminated water Marine dispersion Mode water Kuroshio Extension

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Targeting Epac2 and GluA3-containing AMPARs:a novel therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3223-3224页

作者： tong zhang Martina Schmidt Department of Molecular Pharmacology Groningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands School of Pharmacy Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disease that manifests progressive decline in memory and *** the early stage of AD,memory retrieval is impaired preceding memory acquisition and consolidation(Roy et al.,2016).Prior to the onset of symptoms,pathological amyloid-β(Aβ)plagues and tau protein tangles accumulate in extracellular and intracellular spaces,respectively,leading to *** these hallmark pathologies,Aβ is proposed to be the primary etiology by triggering a cascade of pathogenic events,including neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,tau hyperphosphorylation,synaptic/neuronal dysfunction,and neuronal death(zhang et al.,2023b).

关键词： Alzheimer impaired Aβ

Light-controlled protein imprinted nanospheres with variable recognition specificity

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 173-178页

作者： Mingqi Wang Shixin fa Jiate Yu Guoxian zhang Yi Yan Qing Liu Qiuyu zhang Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University

This work develops a protein imprinted nanosphere with varied recognition specificity for bovine serum albumin(BSA) and lysozyme(Lyz) under different UV light through a gradient dual crosslinked imprinting strategy(i.e., covalent crosslinking and dynamic reversible crosslinking). The imprinting cavities are initially constructed using irreversible covalent crosslinking to specifically recognize BSA, and then the coumarin residues in the imprinting cavities are crosslinked under 365 nm UV light to further imprint Lyz,because Lyz has smaller size than BSA. Since the photo-crosslinking of coumarin is a reversible reaction,the imprinting cavities of Lyz can be de-crosslinked under 254 nm UV light and restore the imprinting cavities of BSA. Moreover, the N-isopropyl acrylamide(NIPAM) and pyrrolidine residues copolymerized in the polymeric surface of the nanospheres are temperature-and p H-responsive respectively. Therefore, the protein rebinding and release behaviors of the nanospheres are controlled by external temperature and p H. As a result, the materials can selectively separate BSA from real bovine whole blood and Lyz from egg white under different UV light. This study may provide a new strategy for construction of protein imprinted materials with tunable specificity for different proteins.

关键词： Dynamically reversible crosslinking Molecularly imprinting Protein recognition Stimulus-response Variable specificity

Nickel extraction from nickel laterites: Processes, resources, environment and cost

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China Geology 2025年第1期8卷 187-213页

作者： Zhen-fang zhang Wei-bo zhang Zhen-guo zhang Xiu-fa Chen Development Research Center of China Geological Survey Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100037China Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot 010062China

With the development of the new energy industry and the depletion of nickel sulfide ore resources,laterite nickel ore has become the main source of primary nickel,and nickel for power batteries has become a new growth point in *** paper systematically summarizes the processes,parameters,products,recovery rates,environmental indicators,costs,advantages,disadvantages and the latest research progress of mainstream nickel extraction processes from laterite nickel *** also provides a comparative analysis of the environmental impact and economic efficiency of different nickel extraction *** is found that the current nickel extraction processes from laterite nickel ore globally for commercial production mainly include the RKEF process for producing ferronickel and the HPAL process for producing intermediate *** former accounts for about 80%of laterite nickel ore *** to each other,the investment cost per ton of nickel metal production capacity for the RKEF is about 43000$,with an operational cost of about 16000$per ton of nickel metal and a total nickel recovery rate of 77%–90%.Its products are mainly used in stainless *** the HPAL process,the investment cost per ton of nickel metal production capacity is about 56000$,with an operational cost of about 15000$per ton of nickel metal and a total nickel recovery rate of 83%–90%.Its products are mainly used in power *** significant differences between the two lies in energy consumption and carbon emissions,with the RKEF being 2.18 and 2.37 times that of the HPAL,*** the use of clean energy can greatly reduce the operational cost and environmental impact of RKEF,if RKEF is converted to producing high Ni matte,its economic and environmental performance still cannot match that of the HPAL and oxygen-enriched side-blown ***,it can be inferred that with the increasing demand for nickel in power batteries,HPAL and oxygen-enriched side

关键词： Laterite nickel ore Limonite Saprolite Nickel extraction Pyrometallurgy Power batteries Hydrometallurgy Cost Environmental impact Life cycle assessment Comprehensive utilization Mineral exploration engineering

Study on the One-year Accuracy of Pulsar Time-scale

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年第1期25卷 282-296页

作者： Linlin Wang Zhehao zhang Chengshi Zhao Zongke Li Minglei tong National Time Service Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Time Reference and Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Determining accurate pulsar timing model parameters is essential for establishing TT(PT), a realization of Terrestrial Time (TT) based on a pulsar timescale (PT). This study discusses the impact of different data spans on the accuracy of pulsar timing model parameters when determining pulsar timing model parameters. Using observations of PSR J0437-4715, J1909-3744, J1713+0747, and J1744-1134 from the second data release of the International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA II, Version A), we compare the accuracy of the timing model parameters determined by these observations with different data spans. The results show for PSR J0437-4715, J1713+0747,and J1909-3744, the amplitude fluctuations of rotational frequency remain within 10-15, 10-14, and 10-14Hz,respectively, when the data spans for determining pulsar timing model parameters exceed 13, 14, and 6 ***, the one-year accuracy of TT(PT) is crucial for its application in timekeeping. By comparing the frequency deviations of TT(PT) relative to TT(BIPM) under both ideal (kr) and actual (kp) conditions across different data spans, we find that when the data span reaches the duration above, the accuracy of TT(PT) surpasses that of TT(TAI) under ideal conditions, slightly inferior under actual conditions. This suggests with improved observational technologies, the accuracy of TT(PT) can be further enhanced.

关键词： (stars:) pulsars: individual (PSRs J1909-3744, J1713+0747, J0437-4715, J1744-1134) methods: data analysis time

AlO2: A novel two-dimensional material with a high negative Poisson's ratio for the adsorption of volatile organic compounds

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 557-563页

作者： Xinghong Cai Qiang Yang Yao tong Lanyin Liu Wutang zhang Sam zhang Min Wang Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies School of Materials and EnergySouthwest University BatteroTech Co. Ltd. School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of Technology Zhengzhou Research Institute Harbin Institute of Technology

We propose and investigate a novel stable two-dimensional（2D） AlO2with anomalous stoichiometric ratios based on first-principles calculation. 2D AlO2has metallic properties. It possesses the rare in-plane and out-of-plane negative Poisson's ratio（NPR） phenomenon, originating from its special sawtooth-like structure. The absolute value of the NPR decreases as the number of layers increases. The adsorption of volatile organic compounds（VOCs） including CH2O, C2H3Cl and C6H6by AlO2exhibit small adsorption distance, large adsorption energy, large charge transfer and significant density of states（DOS） changes,indicating the presence of strong interactions. The desorption time of each gas molecule on the AlO2surface is also evaluated, and the results further suggest that the desorption of VOCs can be controlled by changing the temperature to achieve the recycling of AlO2. These interesting properties make 2D AlO2a promising material for electronic, mechanical and sensing applications for VOCs.

关键词： AlO2 First-principles calculations Negative Poisson's ratio Two-dimensional material VOCs

General Automatic Solution Generation for Social Problems

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Machine Intelligence Research 2025年第1期22卷 145-159页

作者： tong Niu Haoyu Huang Yu Du Weihao zhang Luping Shi Rong Zhao Center for Brain-Inspired Computing Research(CBICR) Optical Memory National Engineering Research Centerand Department of Precision InstrumentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China THU-CET HIK Joint Research Center for Brain-Inspired Computing Beijing100084China

Given the escalating intricacy and multifaceted nature of contemporary social systems,manually generating solutions to address pertinent social issues has become a formidable *** response to this challenge,the rapid development of artificial intelligence has spurred the exploration of computational methodologies aimed at automatically generating ***,current methods for the auto-generation of solutions mainly concentrate on local social regulations that pertain to specific ***,we report an automatic social operating system(ASOS)designed for general social solution generation built upon agent-based models that enables both global and local analyses and regulations of social problems across spatial and temporal *** adopts a hypergraph with extensible social semantics for a comprehensive and structured representation of social *** also incorporates a generalized protocol for standardized hypergraph operations and a symbolic hybrid framework that delivers interpretable solutions,yielding a balance between regulatory efficacy and functional *** demonstrate the effectiveness of the ASOS,we apply it to the domain of averting extreme events within international oil futures *** generating a new trading role supplemented by new mechanisms,ASOS can adeptly discern precarious market conditions and make front-running interventions for nonprofit *** study demonstrated that ASOS provides an efficient and systematic approach for generating solutions for enhancing our society.

关键词： General automatic generation global-local regulation hypergraph social representation symbolic hybrid scheme generalized operation protocol

Nickel-copper alloying arrays realizing efficient co-electrosynthesis of adipic acid and hydrogen

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第02期101卷 7-15页

作者： Xuhui Ren Qianyu zhang Yun tong Guorong Zhou Cong Lin Yanying Zhao Pengzuo Chen School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang Sci-Tech University

Constructing electrocatalytic overall reaction technology to couple the electrosynthesis of adipic acid with energy-saving hydrogen production is of significant for sustainable energy ***,the development of highly-active bifunctional electrocatalysts remains a ***,3D hierarchical nickel-copper alloying arrays with dendritic morphology are manufactured by a simple electrodeposition process,standing for the excellent bifunctional electrocatalyst towards the co-production of adipic acid and H2from cyclohexanone and *** membrane-free flow electrolyzer of Cu0.81Ni0.19/NF shows the superior electrooxidation performance of ketone-alcohol（KA） oil with high faradaic efficiencies of over 90% for adipic acid and H2,robust stability over 200 h as well as a high yield of 0.6 mmol h-1for adipic acid at 100 mA ***-situ spectroscopy indicates the Cu0.81Ni0.19alloy contributes to forming more active NiOOH species to involve in the conversion of cyclohexanone to adipic acid,while the proposed reaction pathway undergoes the 2-hydroxycyclohexanone and 2,7-oxepanedione ***,the theoretical calculations confirm that the optimal electronic interaction,boosted reaction kinetics as well as improved adsorption free energy of reaction intermediates,synergistically endows Cu0.81Ni0.19alloy with superior bifunctional performance.

关键词： Adipic acid Cu0.81Ni0.19 alloy Cyclohexanone oxidation reaction Hydrogen evolution reaction Hydrogen fuel

An ionic liquid assisted hydrogel functionalized silica stationary phase for mixed-mode liquid chromatography

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 491-495页

作者： tong zhang Xiaojing Liang Licheng Wang Shuai Wang Xiaoxiao Liu Yong Guo Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Lanzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Monitoring for State Market RegulationLanzhou 730050China

An ionic liquid assisted hydrogel modified silica was synthesized using a one-pot polymerization and physical coating technique and subsequently applied to mixed-mode liquid *** techniques,including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and elemental analysis,etc.,confirmed the successful prepared of this innovative stationary *** unique combination of amide,long alkyl chain,and imidazole ring in the hydrogel coating enables the stationary phase to function effectively in hydrophilic/reversed-phase/ion exchange liquid ***,the stationary phase exhibited superior separation performance owing to the synergistic effect of the ionic liquid and *** was particularly evident when analyzing various analytes such as organic acids,nucleosides/bases,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and ***,under our operating conditions,an excellent column efficiency of 53,642.9 plates/m was achieved for *** summary,we have proposed a straightforward strategy to enhance the separation performance of hydrogel coatings in liquid chromatography,thereby broadening the potential applications of hydrogels in the field of separation.

关键词： Ionic liquid Hydrogel Functionalized silica Synergistic effect Stationary phase